青岛沿海大型海藻抑菌活性初探

采用滤纸片法以金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希氏杆菌、苏云金芽孢杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌4株细菌和花生菌核菌、西瓜枯萎菌、小麦赤霉菌、马铃薯早疫菌、番茄早疫菌5株植物病原真菌作为受试菌株进行抗菌实验,对采自青岛沿海10种常见大型海藻乙醇提取物不同极性部位进行抑菌活性研究.结果表明,多管藻各组分的抑菌活性优于其他所选藻类,且其Fr.4组分对供试菌株均表现抑制活性.利用柱色谱分离以及现代波谱结构鉴定技术对Fr.4中活性物质进行初步研究,得到抑菌活性较高的单体化合物3-溴4,5二羟基苯甲醛.     

海黍子中甾醇类化合物的初步研究

从中国青岛海域采集的海洋褐藻海黍子（Sagassum muticum）,经提取和纯化分离后,得到3个甾醇类化合物,经1 H-NMR、13C-NMR和MS等现代光谱手段鉴定,它们的结构分别为：岩藻甾醇（1）、马尾藻甾醇（2）和较为少见的24-乙基-2a-氧杂-2-氧-5α-羟基-3,4-二失碳-24（28）-胆甾烯（3）,这是首次报道的从海黍子马尾藻中分离得到A环降二碳的甾醇类化合物.     

Acidophilic bacterial community reflecting pollution level of sulphide mine impacted by acid mine drainage

To reveal the impact of mining on bacterial ecology around mining area, bacterial community and geochemical characteristics about Dabaoshan Mine (Guangdong Province, China) were studied. By amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis and phylogenetic analysis, it is found that mining pollution greatly impacts the bacterial ecology and makes the habitat type of polluted environments close to acid mine drainage (AMD) ecology. The polluted environment is acidified so greatly that neutrophil and alkaliphilic microbes are massively dead and decomposed. It provided organic matters that can make Acidiphilium sp. rapidly grow and become the most bacterial species in this niche. Furthermore, Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and Leptospirillum sp. are also present in this niche. The amount of Leptospirillum sp. is far more than that of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, which indicates that the concentration of toxic ions is very high. The conclusions of biogeochemical analysis and microbiological monitor are identical. Moreover, because the growth of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and Leptospirillum sp. depends on ferrous iron or inorganic redox sulfur compounds which can be supplied by continual AMD, their presence indicates that AMD still flows into the site. And the area is closer to the outfalls of AMD, their biomasses would be more. So the distinction of their biomasses among different areas can help us to find the effluent route of AMD. Foundation item: Project(50621063) supported by the Science Fund for Creative Research Groups of China; Project(2004CB619201) supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China     

Bioleaching of chalcopyrite by UV-induced mutagenized Acidiphilium cryptum and Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans

The original strains Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans GF and Acidiphilium cryptum DX1-1 were isolated from the drainage of some caves riched in chalcopyrite in Dexing Mine in Jiangxi Province of China.The optimum temperature and pH for growth were 30℃and 3.5 for Ac.cryptum DX1-1,and 30℃and 2.0 for At.ferrooxidans GF,respectively.For Ac.cryptum DX1-1,the optimum UV radiating time was 60 s and the positive mutation rate was 22.5%.The growth curves show that Ac.cryptum after mutagenesis reached stationary phase ...     

天丝织物的阻燃抗紫外线多功能整理

采用植酸铵阻燃剂对天丝织物进行阻燃整理,探讨了阻燃剂和催化剂用量、pH值、焙烘温度及时间对整理织物阻燃性能的影响,得到天丝的阻燃整理工艺为:阻燃剂300 g/L,双氰胺50 g/L,整理液pH值6.0,焙烘温度170℃,焙烘时间5 min。测试了阻燃整理后天丝织物的红外吸收光谱、表面形貌、热稳定性以及抗紫外线性能。结果表明:整理后织物的炭长下降至4.5 cm,抗紫外线效果达到50+;经20次水洗后炭长为7.1 cm,抗紫外线效果为40+。