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为了研究气液两相流噪声信号特性与体积相含率测量,采用多孔网与多孔孔板相结合的方法,设计了一种适合气液两相流动的噪声发生装置,运用CFD仿真优化设计了新型多孔孔板相含率测量装置,通过在管内设置多孔孔板阻流件,快速调整流场至平衡状态,突出噪声信号,以达到准确测量气液两相相含率的目的。利用声发射技术对流动噪声进行了探测,在河北大学气液两相流测试系统上进行了大量的实验测试,并运用现代信息处理方法对流动声发射信号进行了提取及分析,建立了泡状流、弹状流及过渡流型下气液两相流体积相含率测量模型,测量模型拟合体积含液率相对误差绝对值均低于4.8%。 相似文献
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焊接技术在游乐设施生产制造中具有不可替代的作用,焊接的质量直接决定着产品运行的安全性和可靠性,因此建立合理的游乐设施焊接缺陷检测系统,检测焊接外表面是否具有缺陷,对提高游乐设施的焊接生产质量具有重要意义。使用Matlab图像处理软件和Python语言开发焊接缺陷识别系统,对焊缝中的气孔、裂纹、咬边三种缺陷进行图像处理,提取焊接缺陷特征,并用神经网络建立焊接缺陷识别模型。实验结果表明,该系统对焊接过程中存在的气孔、裂纹、咬边三种缺陷的整体识别率可达92.86%,具有较好的识别率,有助于确保游乐设施焊接生产的质量。 相似文献
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本文针对传统电压源校准方法存在的问题,提出了一种基于卫星共视法的电压源远程校准方法,该方法以非实物标准传递为基础,实现将标准器置于实验室而无需传递至现场进行远程校准,可解决引入附加误差的问题,通过设计基于共视法的电压源远程校准系统,建立校准模型,根据共视原理,实现标准端和被校端电压值远程比对,完成校准。本文对远程校准方法和传统校准方法在直流0~1 V校准点校准结果进行了对比,结果显示两种方法的校准结果差距在5.2×10-5 V以内。本文给出了两种方法在直流1 V校准点的不确定度评定过程,并通过传递比较法对两种方法的校准结果进行了一致性评价,结果表明,远程法在1 V校准点的扩展不确定度为9.182 44×10-5 V(k=2),且校准结果与传统法具有一致性。 相似文献
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The performance of a Venturi tube used in wet gas flow have been explored mainly under higher-pressure condition, but very often, low-pressure test exists in some oil and gas fields in Tianjin Dagang Oil and Gas Field in China. In this study, the performance of horizontally mounted Venturi meters in low-pressure wet gas flow is discussed. Three 50 mm Venturi meters were tested systematically, with fl values of 0.4048, 0.55 and 0.70, the opera- tion pressure of 0.15 MPa, 0.20 MPa, 0.25 MPa, the gas densiometric Froude number from 0.6 to 2.0, the modified Lockhart-Maretinelli parameter from 0.0022 to 0.06, and the ratio of the gas liquid mass flow rate from 0.5 to 0.99. The effects of modified Lockhart-Maretinelli parameter, pressure, gas densiometric Froude number, diameter ratio, and gas-liquid mass flow rate ratio to the Venturi tube are analyzed with new independent data. Furthermore, low-pressure performance was compared with that under high pressure. 相似文献
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土壤中重金属的污染严重影响了农业和食品安全,因此,对重金属污染的高效、准确的检测是目前亟需解决的问题。采用激光诱导击穿光谱技术(Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy,LIBS)对土壤中Ni元素进行定量分析时发现,土壤中波长为373.68 nm的Ni元素的特征峰会受到Al元素在373.39 nm处谱线的影响,因此,将纯铝基底土壤光谱与压片土壤光谱进行了对比测量。提出了以纯Al作为基底,采用纯Al基底谱线扣除土壤背景中Al元素谱线的方法,来消除土壤背景中Al元素对Ni元素干扰,该方法被称为背景扣除法。实验确定了两种土壤样品的最佳延迟时间均为1.0 μs,透镜到样品的距离(Lens to sample distance,LTSD)分别为97 mm和96 mm。采用内标法对两种土壤样品中的Ni进行了定量分析,得到纯Al基底土壤样品中Ni元素的定标曲线拟合效果较好,相关系数R2为0.997,最大标准偏差(Relative standard deviation,RSD)为4.34%,采用基底背景扣除法后的纯铝基底土壤样品中Ni元素检测的相对误差降低到4%。实验结果表明:采用LIBS技术对土壤中重金属元素含量测量时,在元素特征谱线有限的情况下,为避免谱线干扰,提高检测精度,采用背景扣除的方法能够有效消除元素间的谱线的干扰。 相似文献
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The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the laser-induced optical breakdown energy threshold and the spectral signal changes with the spot radius. First of all, using the avalanche breakdown threshold theory calculates the threshold avalanche ionization rate ηc. Combining with the theory of light intensity distribution and the relationship between pulse energy and peak power, numerical calculations have obtained the law of change of spot radius and threshold laser energy. Secondly, the variation of the spectral signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) with the laser energy is measured according the experimental measurement, and the threshold laser energy required for optical breakdown at different spot radius is obtained. The theoretical threshold model of the relationship between the threshold laser energy and the quadratic function of the spot radius obtained by numerical calculation is verified, and it is revised, the results show that the relative error between the revised theoretical threshold model and the experimental threshold model is less than 5.3%. At last, the influence of the spot radius on the spectral signal and electron density is also analyzed, it is found that both the spectral intensity and the electron density have a maximum at the spot radius of 11 μm. The results show that it is necessary to find the best spot radius during the laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) experiment. This provides a reliable theoretical basis and experimental reference for further study of the influence of spot radius on LIBS technology measurement. 相似文献
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为实现气液两相流相含率及流量的双参数测量,设计新型内外管差压流量计测量装置。利用该装置在单相水流量为1~11 m3/h范围内进行实验测试,拟合单相流出系数C的数学模型。单相水流量测量值与实际值的最大示值相对误差在±1.6%以内。气液两相流测量特性研究在水流量范围为2~6 m3/h,气流量范围为0.12~0.6 m3/h进行实验,在已知含率的情况下求得弹状流的两相总质量流量预测模型,通过分析压损比与XLM变化规律,分段建立压损比和Frg与XLM的数学模型,得到分相含率。预测结果表明:弹状流液相含率相对误差在±2%以内,两相总质量流量相对误差在±3%以内。通过差压及压损比实现相含率及流量的双参数测量,为气液两相流不分离测量提供一种参考方法。 相似文献