TC11钛合金相变点的测定与分析

采用计算法、差示扫描量热法和连续升温金相法3种手段计算和测定了TC11两相钛合金（α＋β）/β相变点。计算法由于各元素及杂质元素含量对相变点的影响值是在一个含量范围内的计算值，因此计算的相变点与实测值是接近的；差示扫描量热法由于钛合金和坩埚的化学反应，产生相变滞后现象，导致所测相变温度过高；而连续升温金相法由于淬火温度间隔选择较小，测量的准确性较高，因此更能准确测量TC11钛合金相变温度。通过连续升温金相法，观察不同淬火温度的试样在光学显微镜下的显微组织变化，发现升温过程中初生α相完全消失的温度，从而确定了TC11钛合金的相变点为1035℃。并分析了不同钛合金之间相变点差异的原因。     

Effects of particle size on residual stresses of metal matrix composites

A finite element analysis was carried out on the development of residual stresses during the cooling process from the fabrication temperature in the SiCp reinforced AI matrix composites. In the simulation, the two-dimensional and random distribution multi-particle unit cell model and plane strain conditions were used. By incorporating the Taylor-based nonlocal plasticity theory, the effect of particle size on the nature, magnitude and distribution of residual stresses of the composites was studied. The magnitude thermal-stress-induced plastic deformation during cooling was also calculated. The results show similarities in the patterns of thermal residual stress and strain distributions for all ranges of particle size. However, they show differences in magnitude of thermal residual stress as a result of strain gradient effect. The average thermal residual stress increases with decreasing particle size, and the residual plastic strain decreases with decreasing particle size.     

连续玄武岩纤维增强铝基层状复合材料的制备与力学特性

将连续玄武岩纤维(continuous basalt fiber,CBF)二维编织布与Al-12Si合金箔交替叠层堆垛成三明治结构,再利用真空压力浸渗技术成功制备出高体积分数(65%)的连续玄武岩纤维增强铝基(CBF/Al)层状复合材料。研究了浸渗工艺对复合材料微观组织演变的影响规律,阐明了CBF/Al复合材料的层状结构形成机理,并评价了其力学性能。研究表明:在温度为660℃、压力为10 MPa条件下浸渗10 min可以获得全致密的CBF/Al复合材料,其微观组织呈现独特的层状结构,即玄武岩纤维在铝合金基体中呈现垂直交叉层状分布特征,玄武岩纤维与铝合金基体未发生明显的化学反应,且由于玄武岩纤维与铝合金基体之间发生了元素(如Al、Si等)互扩散而形成了良好的冶金结合界面。纤维非理想排布方式而导致的有效承载能力下降以及高温下玄武岩纤维断裂强度降低是CBF/Al层状复合材料未达到理想力学性能的关键因素。