碱式碳酸镍浆化氢还原制取镍粉的研究

针对硫酸铵溶液体系氢还原处理红土矿存在的问题,提出了从碱式碳酸镍直接浆化氢还原制取镍粉的新工艺。对流程中的主要工序进行了小型试验,对浆化氢还原还进行了50立升高压釜的扩大试验。试验结果表明:文中提出的工艺流程比传统的煅烧法,电解法以及硫酸铵溶液体系氢还原优越。它的主要特点是:流程简单,镍钴回收率高,能耗低,产品质量合格。可以认为采用碱式碳酸镍直接浆化氢还原制镍粉将是红士矿、硅酸镍矿湿法冶金的一个新方向。     

脱硫菌R-8的生长及其生物降解水中二苯并噻酚

以二苯并噻酚（DBT）为唯一硫考察了pH，温度，碳源，氮源等对德氏假单胞菌（Pseudomonas delafieldii)R-8生长的影响，结果表明，该菌的最适生长pH范围为6－9，最适生长温度为30℃，甘油是细胞生长的最好碳源，最佳浓度范围为10－15g/L，最佳无机氮源乙酸铵的浓度为1．6g/L，有机氮源能促进细胞的生长，但对从DBT脱硫却产生抑制作用，硫酸钠，二甲基亚砜，胱氨酸和蛋氨酸等硫化物都可以作为R－8生长的硫源，但对R－8脱硫活性的表达没有诱导作用。     

RESIDENCE TIME DISTRIBUTION IN AN OPEN REACTOR:EFFECT OF BACKGROUND REACTANT ON TRACER DISPERSION

A new approach is presented for deriving the residence time distribution(RTD)in open-type reactors with exclusion of residence in the fore section.Inasmuch as failure to predict the con-version of chemical reactions has been evidenced in many occasions,numerical solution of tracerdispersion in the presence of background concentration gradient of reactant is given to demonstratethe strong effect of background reactant on the true RTD a reactant molecule experiences.Withinthe error of computation,the conversion of a first-order chemical reaction under steady state is shownto be equal in both closed and open reactors,despite difference in relevant RTDs     

硫化镍加压氧化酸浸动力学的研究

一、前言在高冰镍的二段酸浸过程中,常压氧化酸浸渣中主要不溶含镍产物为NiS,只有在高温下加压浸取才能浸溶。夏光祥等针对金川高冰镍的常压酸浸动力学的研究结果表明。其晶型属γ-NiS。因此,研究γ-NiS加压氧化     

连续流动系统中颗粒返混与反应率计算的Monte Carlo方法

本文是作者在前文的基础上,应用Monte Carlo方法与“随机树式结构图”,模拟分析了复杂连续流动系统的随机返混、多粒度颗粒的未反应率、以及颗粒反应的动态行为.仿真模拟的物理概念直观、简单,程序简短,在计算机上能容易地完成.对简单情况,其结果与已知方法的结果相吻合.而该问题的确定型方法或Markov模型是由一组复杂的、难于求解的随机微分方程组构成.该方法的应用有可能为计算连续流动反应器内颗粒的行为提供一种可行途径.     

萃取体系滴内和两相阻力控制的单液滴传质实验和数值模拟研究

Numerical simulation of transient mass transfer to a single drop controlled by the internal resistance or by the resistance in both phases was mathematically formulated and simulated in a boundary-fitted orthogonal coordinate system. The simulated results on the transient mass transfer dominated by the internal resistance are in good agreement with the Newman and Kronig-Brink models for drops with low Reynolds number. When the drop Reynolds number is up to 200, the mass transfer coefficient from numerical simulation is very low as compared with the Handlos-Baron model. The cases with mass transfer resistance residing in both the continuous and drop phases were simulated successfully and compared with the experimental data in three extraction systems recommended by European Confederation of Chemical Engineering (EFCE). For single drops with Re ＜ 200, the numerically predicted values of the extraction fraction and overall mass transfer coefficient are in reasonable coincidence with the experimental data. It is concluded that the numerical simulation can be resorted in some cases of solvent extraction for conducting numerical experiments and parametric study. Nevertheless, for better resolution as higher Reynolds number drops are simulated, more sophisticated techniques should be developed and incorporated to deal with the large deformation and transient shape oscillation as well as possible Marangoni effect.     

碳酸盐溶液中的含钙钒酸盐浸取动力学研究(摘要)

本文是结合用“钠化焙烧一碳酸化浸取”新工艺从攀钢高钙含钒渣钢中提钒的应用基础研究的继续。对钠化焙烧后的钢渣中两种主要含钒成份—偏钒酸钙和钒酸钙钠进行了合成,并在总钠浓度为1克当量的Na_2CO_3—     

Correlation between hysteresis of gas-liquid mass transfer and liquid distribution in a trickle bed

The hysteresis of gas-liquid mass transfer rate and the corresponding radial liquiddistribution in a trickle bed reactor are measured to provide evidence for the correlation between thesetwo behaviors.Experimental results indicate that the hysteresis of gas-liquid mass transfer originatesfrom the nonuniformity of the hydrodynamic state of gas-liquid flow and the radial maldistributionof local k_(gia) corresponds very well to the radial maldistribution of liquid flow in the bed.The localliquid flow rate is also found to be nonuniform in the azimuthal direction.In view of maldistributedliquid flow even in the pulsing flow regime,the conventional plug flow model seems oversimplifiedfor describing the behavior of a trickle bed.     

SOLVATION EXTRACTION OF W FROM DILUTE TUNGSTATE SOLUTIONS BY AMINES

本文研究低浓度伯胺从低浓度含钨水溶液中按照溶剂化历程萃钨的规律。发现伯胺从含钨浓度高或低的水溶液溶剂化萃取的机理不同,过去的工作表明从高浓度钨水溶液萃入有机相的是H_2WO_4,本工作表明从低浓度水相萃入有机相的是其它钨的络合物,初步认为是WO_2(OH)_2,并且在萃取过程中,首先形成亲水性的水合络合物,然后脱水而进入有机相。实验表明水合络合物的形成能力是随水相支持电解质浓度的增大而降低,讨论了测得的有关的红外和紫外光谱。 研究了叔胺萃钨的特点,认为叔胺与伯胺及仲胺一样,也可按溶剂化历程萃钨,由于叔胺不含活性氢原子,因此它的溶剂化能力要较伯胺和仲胺弱,从而需要大量的过量叔胺,才能得到较高的萃取率。     

THE KINETICS OF SULPHURIC ACID LEACHING OF SYNTHETIC γ-NiS UNDER OXYGEN PRESSURE

研究了110—160℃及po_2<4900 kPa条件下,硫酸溶液中γ-NiS(针镍矿)氧化浸取动力学。浸取速率过程可用表面无固体生成物沉积的核心收缩模型描述,如 1-(1-α)~(1/3)=(k/ρr_0)t=Kt浸取速率在pH<2.5时,与H~+浓度无关;pH>2.5时,为pH值的一个函数。浸取反应对氧分压来说为0.5级。反应的表观活化能为97.5kJ·mol~(-1),pH<2.5时,上式中的速率常数可表示为 K=1.45×10~5(4.55+1/(?)_0)P_(O_2)~(1/2)[H~+]~(?)e~(-11720/T)溶液中少量Cu~(2+),Ag~+的存在,降低了对γ-NiS的浸取速率。