An investigation on electrochemical performances of as-cast and annealed La0.8Mg0.2Ni3.3Co0.2Six（x = 0-0.2） alloy electrodes for Ni/MH battery application

The La-Mg-Ni-based A2B7-type La0.5Mg0.2Ni3.3Co0.2Six （x=0-0.2） electrode alloys were prepared by casting and annealing. The influences of the additional silicon and the annealing treatment on the structure and electrochemical performances of the alloys were investigated systemically. Both of the analyses of XRD and SEM reveal that the as-cast and annealed alloys are of a multiphase structure, involving two main phases （La, Mg）2Ni7 and LaNi5 as well as one minor phase LaNi3. The addition of Si and annealing treatment bring on an evident change in the phase abundances and cell parameters of （La, Mg）2Ni7 and LaNi5 phase for the alloy without altering its phase structure. The phase abundances decrease from 74.3% （x=0） to 57.8% （x=0.2） for the （La, Mg）2Ni7 phase, and those of LaNi5 phase increase from 20.2% （x~0） to 37.3% （x=0.2）. As for the electrochemical measurements, adding Si and performing annealing treatment have engendered obvious impacts. The cycle stability of the alloys is improved dramatically, being enhanced from 80.3% to 93.7% for the as-annealed （950 ℃） alloys with Si content increasing from 0 to 0.2. However, the discharge capacity is reduced by adding Si, from 399.4 to 345.3 mA.h/g as the Si content increases from 0 to 0.2. Furthermore, such addition makes the electrochemical kinetic properties of the alloy electrodes first increase and then decrease. Also, it is found that the overall electrochemical properties of the alloys first augment and then fall with the annealing temperature rising.     

轧制工艺对钒铌微合金化钢显微组织的影响

应用Gleeble—1500热模拟试验机对V、Nb复合微合金化钢进行了模拟轧制,测定了形变奥氏体的动态再结晶曲线,研究了轧制工艺对铁素体晶粒大小和亚结构的影响,从而确定了能够获得细小铁素体—珠光体组织的V、Nb含量及与之相应的轧制工艺。     

Electrochemical Hydrogen Storage Performance of the Nanocrystalline and Amorphous Pr-Mg-Ni-based Alloys Synthesized by Mechanical Milling

The PrMg12-type composite alloy of PrMg₁₁Ni + x wt% Ni (x=100,200) with an amorphous and nanocrystalline microstructure were synthesized through the mechanical milling.Effects of milling duration and Ni content on the microstructures and electrochemical hydrogen storage performances of the ball-milled alloys were methodically studied.The ball-milled alloys obtain the optimum discharge capacities at the first cycle.Increasing Ni content dramatically enhances the electrochemical property of alloys.Milling time varying may obviously impact the electrochemical performance of these alloys.The discharge capacities show a significant upward trend with milling duration prolonging,but milling for a longer time more than 40 h induces a slight decrease in the discharge capacity of the x=200 alloy.As milling duration increases,the cycle stability clearly lowers,while it first declines and then augments under the same condition for the x=200 alloy.The high-rate discharge abilities of the ball-milled alloys show the optimum values with milling time varying.     

Gaseous and electrochemical hydrogen storage kinetics of as-quenched nanocrystalline and amorphous Mg2Ni-type alloys

The nanocrystalline and amorphous Mg₂Ni-type Mg₂Ni_1?x Co _x (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) alloys were synthesized by melt quenching technology. The structures of the as-cast and quenched alloys were characterized by XRD, SEM and HRTEM. The gaseous hydrogen storage kinetics of the alloys was measured using an automatically controlled Sieverts apparatus. The alloy electrodes were charged and discharged with a constant current density in order to investigate the electrochemical hydrogen storage kinetics of the alloys. The results demonstrate that the substitution of Co for Ni results in the formation of secondary phases MgCo₂ and Mg instead of altering the major phase Mg₂Ni. No amorphous phase is detected in the as-quenched Cofree alloy, however, a certain amount of amorphous phase is clearly found in the as-quenched alloys substituted by Co. Furthermore, both the rapid quenching and the Co substitution significantly improve the gaseous and electrochemical hydrogen storage kinetics of the alloys, for which the notable increase of the hydrogen diffusion coefficient (D) along with the limiting current density (I _L ) and the obvious decline of the electrochemical impedance generated by both the Co substitution and the rapid quenching are basically responsible.     

Electrochemical and Hydrogen Absorption/Desorption Properties of Nanocrystalline Mg2Ni-type Alloys Prepared by Melt Spinning

从晶体结构、吸放氢性能和抗粉化性能的角度研究了La1-xYxNi5-yAly (x=0.6,0.7;y=0.1,0.2)金属氢化物合金用于高气压氢压缩机的可行性.XRD分析表明,合金都为CaCu5型六方结构,晶胞体积随着Y含量的增加而减小,随着Al含量的增加而变大.采用恒温体积法在20、30和40℃的实验条件下,对合金的吸放氢PCT曲线和吸氢动力学曲线进行了测定.结果表明,Y和Al能够有效地调节合金的吸放氢平台压,其中Y使合金的平台压升高,Al使合金的平台压降低,两种元素对LaNis基合金的其它储氢性能没有明显的负面影响.分析表明,这些合金能够以“合金对”的形式应用于双级金属氢化物压缩机中,将室温下的2 MPa的低压氢增压为35～40 MPa的高压氢,放氢温度为135～155℃.     

Structures and electrochemical performances of La_(0.75-x)Zr_xMg_(0.25)Ni_(3.2)Co_(0.2)Al_(0.1) (x=0-0.2) electrode alloys prepared by melt spinning

The La-Mg-Ni system A2B7-type electrode alloys with nominal composition La0.75-xZrxMg0.25Ni3.2Co0.2Al0.1(x=0,0.05, 0.1,0.15,0.2)were prepared by casting and melt-spinning.The influences of melt spinning on the electrochemical performances as well as the structures of the alloys were investigated.The results obtained by XRD,SEM and TEM show that the as-cast and spun alloys have a multiphase structure,consisting of two main phases(La,Mg)Ni3 and LaNi5 as well as a residual phase LaNi2.The melt spinning leads to an obvious increase of the LaNi5 phase and a decrease of the(La,Mg)Ni3 phase in the alloys.The results of the electrochemical measurement indicate that the discharge capacity of the alloys(x≤0.1)first increases and then decreases with the increase of spinning rate,whereas for x0.1,the discharge capacity of the alloys monotonously falls.The melt spinning slightly impairs the activation capability of the alloys,but it significantly enhances the cycle stability of the alloys.     

快淬对La-Mg-Ni系A_2B_7型电极合金循环稳定性的影响

用熔体快淬工艺制备了La-Mg-Ni系A2B7型La0.75-xZrxMg0.25Ni3.2Co0.2Al0.1（x=0,0.05,0.1,0.15,0.2）电极合金。用XRD、SEM、TEM分析了铸态及快淬态合金的微观结构,用程控电池测试设备测试了铸态及快淬态合金电极的电化学循环稳定性,研究了快淬工艺对合金结构及电化学循环稳定性的影响,探讨了电极合金的失效机理。结果表明,快淬态合金均具有多相结构,包括两个主相（La,Mg）Ni3及LaNi5和一个残余相LaNi2。快淬处理可以显著改善合金的电化学循环稳定性。导致合金失效的主要原因是电极表面被电解液剧烈腐蚀以及合金电极在电化学循环过程中的粉化。     

镁基贮氢合金吸放氢动力学研究进展

介绍了纳米晶镁基贮氢合金的制备方法、添加催化剂和稀土元素取代对镁基贮氢合金气态吸放氢性能的影响,总结了镁基贮氢合金吸放氢动力学的研究现状,并就今后镁基贮氢材料的研究提出了一些想法。     

铸态及快淬态La_(0.55)M_(0.2)Mg_(0.25)Ni_(3.2)Co_(0.2)Al_(0.1)(M=Zr,Pr)合金的电化学贮氢动力学

为了改善La-Mg-Ni系A2B7型电极合金的动力学性能,用M(M=Zr,Pr)部分替代合金中的A侧元素La。用真空快淬技术制备了La0.5 5M0.2Mg0.25Ni3.2Co0.2Al0.1(M=Zr,Pr)电极合金,探索了快淬工艺参数对合金电化学贮氢动力学性能的影响。用XRD、SEM及TEM表征了铸态及快淬态合金的结构,结果发现,铸态及快淬态合金均由多相组成,包括两个主相(La,Mg)2Ni7和LaNi5以及残余相LaNi2。快淬Pr替代合金具有微晶、纳米晶结构,而在快淬Zr替代合金中发现明显的非晶相。电化学测试结果表明,合金的高倍率放电能力随淬速的增加先增加后减小。电化学交流阻抗(EIS)、Tafel极化曲线及电位阶跃测试的结果都表明,合金的电化学贮氢动力学性能随淬速的增加先上升后下降。