Composition of lithium aluminoborosilicate glass and abrasive

The properties of glasses of the lithium-aluminoborosilicate system were investigated, namely, the density, spreadability, thermal expansion, and nature of crystallized phases at various temperatures. A crystal-optical analysis was conducted. The glasses were used to prepare abrasive compositions. Their strength properties were studied as a function of the composition of the glass binder and the regime of heat treatment.Translated from Steklo i Keramika, No. 3, pp. 27–30, March, 1996.     

Calculi with the greatest number

Translated from Kibernetika i Sistemnyi Analiz, No. 3, pp. 71–86, May–June, 1995.     

Prospects for evolution to the target integrated broadbandcommunications network

This paper summarises the consolidated results of the collaborative research carried out within the workpackage `Evolution prospects and framework' (EPF) of the Project RACE 1044: IBC development and implementation strategies. The workpackage has provided pointers to the most suitable paths for evolution towards the target IBC (integrated broadband communications) reference configuration based on detailed analysis of the relevant demand-cost models. The work carried out within the workpackage is described and an overview given of the results achieved and of their exploitation within and outside the RACE community     

Cost-benefit analysis of power system reliability: two utility casestudies

There is an emerging recognition that utility investments and other decisions that affect electric service reliability should be explicitly evaluated on the basis of their cost and benefit implications. A cost-benefit approach that quantifies the reliability benefits of alternatives in terms of the reduction in costs resulting from unserved energy enables the evaluation of generation and transmission capacity additions on a consistent, economic basis. This approach has been applied to two utility case studies. In a case study for Pacific Gas and Electric Company, it was used to evaluate three options for maintaining reliability in a major load center-two involving local generation, and the third, a new 230 kV transmission connection. In a case study for Duke Power Company, the approach was used to evaluate alternative designs for proposed additions to a transmission station. This paper describes the methodology and presents the two utility studies     

Evaluation of Textile Bobbins Drying Processes: Experimental and Modelling Studies

Drying of textile bobbins was carried out on two kinds of laboratory-scale dryers: in a cross circulation drying rig, atmospheric pressure heating air is used, while in the through circulation drying apparatus, the heating air is pressurized before the drying process takes place. In both cases, a bobbin was fitted with seven thermocouples, placed in a plane normal to the bobbin axis but at different radial distances, in order to provide temperature data during the drying process. In cross circulation drying, plots of temperature against time indicated the presence of two moving fronts, one starting from inside the bobbin, another from the outside, while in through circulation drying, similar plots showed the presence of an evaporation front, moving from inside the bobbin to the outside. In both canes, numerical models were developed to simulate the drying processes.     

Preparation of monodisperse polystyrene particles using thiol-ended polyethylene oxide stabilizer in dispersion polymerization

Summary Radical dispersion polymerization of styrene in aqueous ethanol solutions was performed in the presence of a new reactive polyethylene oxide stabilizer with thiol end groups. This reactive stabilizer was compared to the more conventional poly (N-vinylpyrrolidone). Particles size distribution, molecular weights and kinetics were investigated. We demonstrate that the thiol ended dispersant displays a high stabilizing efficiency. Particles size, molecular weights and conversions are strongly influenced by the amount of stabilizer used.     

Electrical properties of UV photochemically treated CdTe

Single crystal CdTe was grown using the vapour phase technique. The dice were etched using a photochemical method in which the samples were illuminated during the etching process. Laser pulses of various intensities were used as an illumination source during the etching of the CdTe substrate. A pulse excimer laser capable of producing 17 ns pulses of 308 nm wavelength with varuing intensities between 0–35 mW cm⁻² was used. Schottky barriers were made by vacuum evaporation of gold onto the CdTe single crystal substrate. The behaviour of the Au---CdTe devices was studied as a function of the intensity of the laser beam used during the etching of CdTe substrate by principle electrical methods such as capacitance-voltage and current-voltage analysis. The photochemical technique was found to produce a significant change in the electrical properties, such as the barrier height, carrier concentration, ideality factor, and forward-bias threshold of the Au---CdTe Schottky diode.     

Lead acid battery storage configurations for improved availablecapacity

Battery storage is a crucial element in alternative energy and electric vehicle systems. Three battery storage configurations: a conventional; a parallel; and a dual, were analyzed for both shallow cycle and deep cycle lead-acid batteries to determine if capacity improvement is achievable. Daily profiles for the weekly irradiance, daily loads, and ambient temperature are simulated. Cycle tests were performed monthly to determine the effect each configuration had on the available battery capacity. Results for each battery type differ. Available capacity was improved using the parallel configuration with shallow cycle batteries and the dual configuration with deep cycle batteries