Application-oriented 33 GHz E/D-PMODFET static prescaler fabricatedusing optical lithography

We report the 33 GHz operation of a packaged divide-by-32/64 static prescaler designed for instrument applications. The technology uses 0.1-μm enhancement- and depletion-mode (E/D) MODFET's with pseudomorphic InGaAs channels (on GaAs substrate) defined by optical lithography and a self-limiting oxide spacer technique     

Cloning, expression, and primary structure of Metapenaeus ensis tropomyosin, the major heat-stable shrimp allergen

Shrimp is a common cause of seafood hypersensitivity. To study the mechanism of seafood hypersensitivity at the molecular level, we have determined the primary structure of the major heat-stable allergen of shrimp by cloning, expression, nucleotide sequencing, and amino acid sequence determination of an IgE-reactive cDNA clone, Met e I, isolated from a Metapenaeus ensis expression library in lambda gt 11. We first constructed a cDNA library from the shrimp M. ensis in lambda gt 11. We then screened the library with sera from patients with hypersensitivity reactions to shrimp and identified a positive IgE-reactive clone, designated as Met e I. This cDNA was purified to homogeneity and subsequently expressed in the plasmid pGEX. Serum antibodies from patients with shrimp allergy demonstrated positive IgE reactivity by immunoblotting to a protein encoded by the clone Met e I; sera from nonallergic control subjects were not reactive. The nucleotide sequence of this cDNA clone revealed an open reading frame of 281 amino acid residues, coding for a protein of 34 kd. Comparison of the Met e I amino acid sequence with the Genbank database showed that Met e I is highly homologous to multiple isoforms of tropomyosin.     

Reflections on screening tests for lung cancer

Screening for lung cancer is a controversial issue. Much needs to be done in the area of primary prevention of lung cancer. Predictions of lung cancer mortality in Europe indicate further increases in the coming 20 years, due to the extensive number of individuals having long periods of exposure to carcinogens. The treatment of lung cancer is not solved, either, and the global epidemiological situation of lung cancer raises great concerns. Due to these reasons, it seems to be necessary to revise the issue of lung cancer screening. In Hungary, annual minimal mass roentgen screening has been done for decades. The data of more than 4.3 million individuals were analysed in 1996. Out of the symptomless patients detected, 21.4% fell into oncological stage 1, 33.7% into stage 2 and 29% into stage 3. Those patients who were not screened, but who presented with symptoms and were detected as such, can be classified into stages as follows: Stage 1: 8.7%, stage 2: 21.5% and stage 3: 36.3%. The resection rate in the screened group versus non-screened group was 34.3% and 13.7% respectively. Minimal mass roentgen screening allows the detection of lung cancer patients in an earlier stage; with improved treatment possibilities, survival rates and patients' quality of life will shift to a positive direction. It is suggested that the effectiveness of minimal mass roentgen screening of lung cancer should be revised.     

Zum enzymatischen Nachweis von Organophosphorinsecticiden

Zusammenfassung Zum Nachweis von Organophosphorinsecticiden auf Pflanzenmaterial werden zwei enzymatische Schnellmethoden beschrieben (pH-Test und colorimetrische Methode). Beide beruhen auf der Cholinesterasehemmung durch Organophosphorinsecticide. Bei dem pH-Test konnte keine Beeinflussung durch pflanzeneigene Inhaltsstoffe festgestellt werden, dagegen war die Störanfälligkeit bei der colorimetrischen Methode, besonders bei Kohlarten sehr stark, was auf Senföle zurückzuführen ist. Mit beiden Methoden werden die in der Höchstmengen-VO aufgeführten Organophosphor- und Carbamatinsecticide auch unter den niedrigsten zugelassenen Höchstmengen von 0,1 mg/kg Pflanzenmaterial erfaßt.

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On the enzymatic determination of organophosphoric insecticides

Summary Two rapid enzymatic methods are described (pH-test and a colorimetric method) for the determination of organophosphoric insecticides in plant materials. Both methods are based on the inhibition of choline-esterase by organophosphoric insecticides. Using the pH test, no influence of the plant ingredients was found, however using the colorimetric method, the tendency for disturbances, especially with cabbage varieties, was very strong because of mustard oil. By the application of the two methods it is possible to detect organophosphoric and carbamate insecticides in amounts of less 0.1 mg/kg plant material.

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Auszug aus der Dissertation von Miklós Nagy: Zum enzymatischen Nachweis von Organophosphorinsecticiden. Technische Universität München 1970.     

The reinitiation mechanism of HCl catalysis in PVC degradation

Summary The effect of HCl on the thermal degradation of PVC has been studied. Changes in UV and visible spectra and kinetics of HCl loss indicate that HCl is able to reinitiate the allyl-activated zip elimination by proton exchange with polyenes. Also polyene-consuming secondary reactions are accelerated by HCl.     

The effects of a single course of a calculus-softening scaling and root planing gel. A scanning electron microscopic study

The effect of a calculus scaling gel was evaluated as an adjunct to instrumentation in a double blind, split-mouth, clinical study. Fifteen comparable periodontally involved teeth from 5 patients were instrumented on the mesio-buccal root surface with the aid of either the test gel, placebo gel, or no gel until smoothness was achieved. Test or placebo gel was applied subgingivally for 10 minutes. Instrumentation time, ease, number of strokes, and gingival/tooth surfaces changes were recorded. Scanning electronic microscopic (SEM) evaluation of root surface topography was evaluated. The results demonstrated effective calculus removal in all treatment groups with no differences found between them. Instrumentation time, ease, and number of strokes were similar for all treatment groups. There were no harmful effects to soft or hard tissues. The results of this study do not support the use of calculus scaling gel as an adjunct to root instrumentation.     

Image database

The notion of the image database is still unstructured. We examine recent work under this heading as well as related work in computer vision and conventional database technology. It appears that the principal difficulties in fusing the two disciplines are: the arbitrary nature of discrete representations of continuous scenes; and the lack of linear ordering in two dimensions. A possible solution to these problems is suggested.