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161.
Nikolaos Gougoulias Ioannis Vagelas Ioannis Vasilakoglou Fotios Gravanis Aida Louka Eleni Wogiatzi Professor Nikolaos Chouliaras 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2010,90(2):286-290
BACKGROUND: Oregano essential oil and neem have been reported to be effective against soil‐borne pathogens and nematodes. The possibility of having an effect on soil properties was the aim of this investigation. Moreover, thiram, a common widely used chemical pesticide, was used for comparison. RESULTS: The effects of all three above‐mentioned substances were investigated during an incubation experiment, for 15 weeks. Crushed neem pellets were added at 1.0, 2.0 or 3.0 g per 50 g of soil. Oregano dry matter was applied at 0.2, 0.4 or 0.6 g per 50 g of soil. Finally, thiram was applied at 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 g per 50 g of soil. The addition of neem resulted in a decrease in organic carbon mineralisation, higher than that of oregano, but not as prominently as thiram. The addition of neem resulted in an increase in the content of nitrate, organic P, bioavailable P, bioavailable K and bioavailable Mn. Oregano had a slight negative effect on organic matter biodegradation, but caused an increase of nutritional mineral elements. Microbe colonies in soil were increased by the addition of neem cake granules, whereas oregano and thiram treatments caused a decrease. The addition of thiram reduced nitrate and available Mn contents, but at the lowest dose increased organic P and available K. Thiram reduced prominently available Cu at the upper rates, but it increased these forms at the lowest rate, while available Zn content was increased in two lowest rates. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicated that neem or oregano could be applied to the soil without any extremely negative effect on the available forms of nutritional mineral elements, as thiram does. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
162.
Fukushima T Kosaka A Yamamoto Y Aimiya T Notazawa S Takigawa T Inabe T Aida T 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2006,2(4):554-560
Free-radical polymerization of an imidazolium ion-based ionic liquid bearing a methacrylate group, gelling with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), allows fabrication of a mechanically reinforced, electroconductive soft material (bucky plastic). A film sample of this material displays an excellent conductivity of 1 S cm(-1) and a 120-fold enhancement of the Young's modulus at a 7 wt % content of SWNTs. The conductivity is temperature-dependent in the range 5-300 K, suggesting that the conductive process involves carrier hopping. Scanning electron and atomic force micrographs of a bucky plastic film display the presence of crosslinked networks consisting of finely dispersed SWNTs. Such nanotube networks, developed in the polymer matrix, likely suppress slipping of entrapped polymer molecules via a strong interfacial interaction and also facilitate intertubular carrier transport. Although a bucky plastic derived from a vinylimidazolium ion-based ionic liquid monomer shows a comparable conductivity to that of the methacrylate version, the film is brittle irrespective of the presence or absence of SWNTs. 相似文献
163.
Efficient pipeline FFT processors for WLAN MIMO-OFDM systems 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The most area-efficient pipeline FFT processors for WLAN MIMO-OFDM systems are presented. It is shown that although the R2/sup 3/SDF architecture is the most area-efficient approach for implementing pipeline FFT processors, RrMDC architectures are more efficient in MIMO-OFDM systems when more than three channels are used. 相似文献
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166.
Isabel Cubero-Millán Antonio Molina-Carballo Irene Machado-Casas Luisa Fernández-López Sylvia Martínez-Serrano Pilar Tortosa-Pinto Aida Ruiz-López Juan-de-Dios Luna-del-Castillo José Uberos Antonio Mu?oz-Hoyos 《International journal of molecular sciences》2014,15(9):17115-17129
The vast majority of Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) patients have other associated pathologies, with depressive symptoms as one of the most prevalent. Among the mediators that may participate in ADHD, melatonin is thought to regulate circadian rhythms, neurological function and stress response. To determine (1) the serum baseline daily variations and nocturnal excretion of melatonin in ADHD subtypes and (2) the effect of chronic administration of methylphenidate, as well as the effects on symptomatology, 136 children with ADHD (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision: DSM-IV-TR criteria) were divided into subgroups using the “Children’s Depression Inventory” (CDI). Blood samples were drawn at 20:00 and 09:00 h, and urine was collected between 21:00 and 09:00 h, at inclusion and after 4.61 ± 2.29 months of treatment. Melatonin and its urine metabolite were measured by radioimmunoassay RIA. Factorial analysis was performed using STATA 12.0. Melatonin was higher predominantly in hyperactive-impulsive/conduct disordered children (PHI/CD) of the ADHD subtype, without the influence of comorbid depressive symptoms. Methylphenidate ameliorated this comorbidity without induction of any changes in the serum melatonin profile, but treatment with it was associated with a decrease in 6-s-melatonin excretion in both ADHD subtypes. Conclusions: In untreated children, partial homeostatic restoration of disrupted neuroendocrine equilibrium most likely led to an increased serum melatonin in PHI/CD children. A differential cerebral melatonin metabolization after methylphenidate may underlie some of the clinical benefit. 相似文献
167.
Ishibashi K. Goto T. Hayashi T. Okada T. Yamagiwa A. Shibata M. Akimoto M. Akimoto K. Hamanaka N. Takahashi T. Koyama A. Aida T. 《Micro, IEEE》1999,19(1):14-19
For its high-end server VT800, Hitachi used SBTL (simultaneous bidirectional transceiver logic). This technology simplifies the implementation and reduces the cost of the crossbar switch in this symmetric-multiprocessing server. The paper discusses the system configuration of the VT800 and the use of SBTL 相似文献
168.
169.
Aida Kouhi Vyshnavi Pachipulusu Talya Kapenstein Peisheng Hu Alan L. Epstein Leslie A. Khawli 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(12)
Due to their high specificity, monoclonal antibodies have been widely investigated for their application in drug delivery to the central nervous system (CNS) for the treatment of neurological diseases such as stroke, Alzheimer’s, and Parkinson’s disease. Research in the past few decades has revealed that one of the biggest challenges in the development of antibodies for drug delivery to the CNS is the presence of blood–brain barrier (BBB), which acts to restrict drug delivery and contributes to the limited uptake (0.1–0.2% of injected dose) of circulating antibodies into the brain. This article reviews the various methods currently used for antibody delivery to the CNS at the preclinical stage of development and the underlying mechanisms of BBB penetration. It also describes efforts to improve or modulate the physicochemical and biochemical properties of antibodies (e.g., charge, Fc receptor binding affinity, and target affinity), to adapt their pharmacokinetics (PK), and to influence their distribution and disposition into the brain. Finally, a distinction is made between approaches that seek to modify BBB permeability and those that use a physiological approach or antibody engineering to increase uptake in the CNS. Although there are currently inherent difficulties in developing safe and efficacious antibodies that will cross the BBB, the future prospects of brain-targeted delivery of antibody-based agents are believed to be excellent. 相似文献
170.
Juan Alberto Rodríguez-Velzquez Aida Kamiali Josep Domingo-Ferrer 《Computers & Mathematics with Applications》2009,58(7):1433-1440
The aim of this paper is to study the global reliability of communication networks. We assume that, in a communication network, the weights of the edges quantify the volume or the quality of the information transmitted by the nodes. In such a case, the strength of a path (resp. walk), called the reliability of the path (resp. walk) can be calculated as the product of the weights of the edges belonging to the paths (resp. walks). We introduce three indices to compute the reliability of a digraph (resp. graph). The first one is a version of Wiener index where we consider only the most reliable path between each pair of nodes. The second notion of reliability index considers reliability of all walks between each pair of nodes instead of taking into account only the most reliable path. The last one is a generalization of the functional centralization to the case of weighted networks. In this case, the notion of reliability index considers, for each node, the reliability of all closed walks starting and ending in the node. In addition, we propose a method for computing the introduced indices. Application of some of the proposed indices to trust-weighted social networks is also discussed. 相似文献