Heat storage in eutectic alloys

Classical thermodynamic equations based on the regular solution approximation yield enthalpic changes for eutectic transformation that agree roughly with values measured for several binary and ternary alloy systems by differential scanning calorimetry or differential thermal analysis. Restricting measurements to binary and ternary alloys of the relatively plentiful elements Al, Cu, Mg, Si and Zn, it has been verified that the best heat storage densities on a mass or volume basis are obtained with alloys rich in Si or Al, elements that have large heats of fusion. Several of these alloys have the highest heat-storage density reported for phase change materials that transform between 780 and 850 K. The Mg₂Si-Si eutectic, which has outstanding storage density at 1219 K, illustrates the utility of ordered intermetallic phases with large heat of formation that dissolve in the eutectic liquid to contribute to the entropy change.     

Review and comparison among the different models for rewetting in LWR's

Rewetting of light water reactor fuel rods after a loss of coolant accident corresponds to the re-establishment of water contact with the hot surfaces. A considerable number of analytical and numerical models have been developed in order to solve the heat condition problem in the fuel pin and predict the rewetting velocity. A comparison among the existing models has been performed. Recommendations and suggestions are outlined.     

Hostility in Rorschach content and overt aggressive behavior.

"The Rorschach was administered to 96 hospitalized psychotic veterans, 48 assaultive and 48 nonassaultive, under one of five conditions. Test records were scored for aggressive content… . It was predicted that there is a positive correlation between the behavioral and test measures of aggression, and that the test measure is influenced by the… power and status of the examiner. A significant positive correlation… was found." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Thermodynamically calculated phase diagrams for the Co-Cr-Ta and Co-Cr-Nb systems

Phase diagrams for the Co-Cr-Ta and Co-Cr-Nb systems have been calculated from thermodynamic data for the binary systems involved. Eleven isothermal sections for temperatures between 2200 and 1500 K are given. The calculations are in good agreement with the limited available experimental phase diagram data for these systems.     

The calculation of some laminar flows using various discretisation schemes

For various laminar, two-dimensional flows, the upwind, hybrid and the quadratic finite-difference schemes are evaluated. The upwind and hybrid schemes are used in their normal forms. The quadratic formulation (Leonard's QUICK scheme) has in the past been found to be less stable than these two other schemes because it can, on occasion, generate both negative and positive influence coefficients. Two new forms of the quadratic formulation, both of which always generate positive influence coefficients, are presented for a uniform grid distribution and tested by reference to the results obtained from the upwind and hybrid schemes and data from other sources. These two new schemes are found to be stable, although one form seems to be sensitive to the size of the finite-difference grid. Furthermore, the solutions obtained using these new formulations are equal to or better than those obtained using the upwind and/or the hybrid schemes. It is concluded that these new formulations require further validation; and to this end, these new formulations are provided in a form that is easy to install into existing computer codes.     

2,2′-OXO-1, 1 ′-azobenzene A microbially transformed allelochemical from 2,3-Benzoxazolinone: I

2,2-Oxo-1,1 -azobenzene (AZOB), a compound with strong herbicidal activity, was isolated and characterized from a soil supplemented with 2,3-benzoxazolinone (BOA). A parallel experiment with 6-methoxy-2,3-benzoxazolinone (MBOA) yielded AZOB as well as its mono-(MAZOB) and dimethoxy-(DIMAZOB) derivatives. These compounds were produced only in the presence of soil microorganisms, via possible intermediates, I and II, which may dimerize or react with the parent molecule to form the final products. In the case of MBOA, it was shown that demethoxylation precedes the oxidation step. Although BOA and 2,4-dihydroxy-1,4(2H)-benzoxazin-3-one (DIBOA) were leached out of rye residues, there were no detectable amounts of the biotransformation products in the soil. When BOA was mixed with soil and rye residue, either under field conditions or in vitro, AZOB was detected. Levels of free BOA in the soil were greatly reduced by incubation with rye residue. AZOB was more toxic to curly cress (Lepidium sativum L.) and barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crusgatti L.) than either DIBOA or BOA.Journal Article No. 12943 of the Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station.     

Impact of individual differences, reward distribution, and task structure on productivity in a simulated work environment.

Analyzed the effects of intragroup competition on group productivity within a research design that accounted for both individual differences and experimental effects. 72 college students were given the Minnesota Clerical Test and then randomly assigned to 3-man groups in 1 of 4 conditions: differential- or equal-reward distribution or high- and low-task-flow interdependence. Individuals in the differential-reward and the low-task-flow-interdependence conditions were more productive than those in the equal-reward and the high-task-flow conditions. Differential and experimental analyses combined accounted for more variance in productivity than either analysis alone. Both experimental conditions moderated the relationship between the test and productivity. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)