Sex differences and institutionalization in the word associations of schizophrenics.

Studied word associations of 20 male and 20 female schizophrenics. Although no significant differences in pathological responses were associated with sex or institutionalization, differences associated with both were found in healthy responses. Females gave more logical coordinate associations (p     

Effect of variety and stage of growth on potential allelochemic compounds in soybean roots

HPLC was used to obtain fingerprint patterns of organic compounds extracted from roots of five soybean varieties at seven stages of growth. Fifteen major peaks were observed in all varieties at most growth stages. With increasing stage of growth, the less polar compounds accounted for a greater relative percentage of total peak area. Concentration of compounds extracted from roots increased dramatically as plants approached nodulation and flowering and then decreased to initial levels as plants matured.     

Dyadic modal control of multi-input time-invariant linear systems incorporating integral feedback

In the letter, the possibility of applying dyadic modal control to multi-input time-invariant linear systems incorporating integral-feedback action is investigated. In those cases for which such application is possible, simple closed-form formulas are obtained for the feedback-loop gains of the appropriate dyadic modal controller.     

Cross-lagged correlational analysis in dynamic settings.

Reports on an application of cross-lagged analysis to data collected during the early life of 3 simulated organizations. The objective is to illustrate what occurs when using cross-lagged analysis in a situation of rapid change. 90 management training participants responded to a questionnaire at 2 different times early in the life of the simulated organizations (The Organization Game) in an effort to assess causality between role conflict/role ambiguity and several outcome variables. Only 1 weak causal inference could be determined (alienation reduces role ambiguity), but a reanalysis revealed that the developmental situation was too dynamic for use of cross-lagged analysis. Factor-structure comparison of data from the 2 times, as well as comparisons of the mean levels of responses and performance measures, underscored the dynamic nature of the situation. (23 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The negative therapeutic reaction.

The negative therapeutic reaction (NTR) is a unique case of negativism in which the patient demonstrates an inability to tolerate success in treatment. This results in the deterioration of the patient's condition shortly after progress is achieved. The NTR is distinguished from either a regression that accompanies a transference neurosis or a form of negative transference in psychotherapy. It is suggested that the patient perceives her/his progress and approval by the therapist as a severe threat to the patient's autonomy. The fear of fusion with the therapist propels the patient into an extreme negativistic position that is expressed by her/his deterioration. The case is presented of a 48-yr-old female who reacted to improvement in treatment with a negative refusal to consolidate these gains and translate them into a more effective adjustment. (42 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Benzamides,p-nitrobenzamides,benzenesulfonamides,p-toluene-sulfonamides,and acetamides as identification derivatives of long-chain amines

Summary Benzamides, p-nitrobenzamides, benzenesulfonamides,p-toluenesulfonamides, p-nitrobenzenesulfonamides, and acetamides of dodecyl, tetradecyl, hexadecyl, and octadecyl amines were synthesized and evaluated as identification derivatives. Acetamides melt approximately 7° apart and the benzene sulfonamides approximately 6° apart. Seventeen previously unreported compounds were prepared.     

Self-care unit: Some lessons in institutional power.

The hypothesis that the chronic psychiatric patient purposefully pursues a goal (continued hospitalization) that has harmful effects on him as a potential participant in the extrahospital community was the initial basis of a rehabilitation program. The staff's use of their power in defining the hospitalization situation was directly related to the outcome of the program. Exercise of power to redefine the hospitalization situation is probably a prerequisite to high discharge rates for chronic patients and is suggested as a basis for precluding the accretion of a chronic population. (18 ref.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Conditioned preferences in the rat with an unnatural need state: Morphine withdrawal.

Placed 30 morphine addicted and 15 nonaddicted female albino rats on a 21-day conditioning regimen which involved the daily alternation of access to either water, sucrose-octa-acetate (SOA), or no liquid for 1 hr. The addicted Ss received injections of morphine after either the SOA sessions or the no-liquid sessions. Nonaddicted Ss were injected with morphine after the SOA sessions. Following the last injection, Ss were given a 2-bottle preference test between SOA and water. Results show that the addicted Ss that received morphine-SOA pairings had an increased preference for SOA, whereas the nonaddicted Ss showed a decrease in SOA preference after the same conditioning treatments. Addicted Ss that received the morphine injections on the no-liquid days showed no change in SOA preference. (21 ref.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Drawing valid inferences from case studies.

Although the case study is usually accorded an important heuristic role, its limitations as a basis for drawing valid conclusions about the efficacy of treatment are recognized. The major problem with a case study is the ambiguity related to the precise influences that are responsible for change. Threats to internal validity, normally ruled out in experimentation, make ambiguous the basis for therapeutic change. However, case studies may vary along several dimensions that dictate the extent to which specific threats to internal validity are addressed. The present article discusses the possibility of conceptualizing and conducting cases in such a way as to maximize the likelihood that internally valid conclusions can be drawn. Although case studies can never replace experimentation, the scientific yield from case reports might be improved in clinical practice where methodological alternatives are unavailable. (21 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Application of the simultaneous iteration method to undamped vibration problems

The simultaneous iteration method of obtaining eigenvalues and eigenvectors is employed for the solution of undamped vibration problems. This method is of significance when a few of the dominant eigenvalues and eigenvectors are required from a large matrix, and hence is particularly suitable for vibration problems involving a large number of degrees of freedom. It is shown that advantage may be taken of both the symmetry and the band form of the mass and stiffness matrices, thus making it feasible to process on a computer larger order vibration problems than can be processed using transformation methods. A method of allowing for body freedom is given and some numerical tests are discussed.