Television Use and Self-esteem of Blacks

High TV entertainment viewing is accompanied by low self-esteem among black but not white audiences.     

Heat of Formation of Beryllium Chloride

The heat of formation of beryllium chloride has been determined, by the direct combination of the elements in a calorimeter, according to the process, Be(c)+Cl2(g)=BeCl2(c),ΔH°(25°C)=−493.85±2.35kj/mole,=−118.03±0.56kcal/mole.The data obtained by other investigators are discussed briefly.     

Multiple Slips in Atomic-Scale Friction: An Indicator for the Lateral Contact Damping

The occurrence of multiple jumps in 2D atomic-scale friction measurements is used to quantify the viscous damping accompanying the stick–slip motion of a sharp tip in contact with a NaCl(001) surface. Multiple slips are observed without apparent wear for normal forces between 13 and 91 nN. For scans parallel to [100] directions, the tip jumps between minima of the substrate corrugation potential in a zigzag fashion. An algorithm is applied to determine histograms of lateral force jumps which characterize multiple slips. The same algorithm is used to classify multiple slips occurring in calculated lateral force maps. Comparisons between simulations and experiments indicate that the nanometer-sized contact is underdamped at intermediate loads (13–26 nN) and becomes slightly overdamped at higher loads. The proposed procedure is a novel way to estimate the lateral contact damping which plays an important role in the interpretation of measurements of the velocity and temperature dependence of friction, of slip duration, and of the reduction of friction by applied perpendicular or parallel oscillations.     

Grafting of polystyrene “from” and “through” surface modified titania nanoparticles

We report the surface modification of titania (TiO₂) nanoparticles with azo-based radical initiator and vinyl (acrylate) polymerizable groups. This is achieved through the reaction of the surface hydroxyl groups of the titania with acid halides. Polymer (specifically, polystyrene) was grafted “from” the surface using the azo-modified titania, and “through” the surface of the vinyl-modified surface. Both conventional radical and reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerizations were performed. The surface-modified titania and the polystyrene-titania nanocomposites were characterized using IR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and gel permeation chromatography.     

Synthesis,SAR and Unanticipated Pharmacological Profiles of Analogues of the mGluR5 Ago‐potentiator ADX‐47273

An iterative analogue library synthesis strategy rapidly developed comprehensive SAR for the mGluR5 ago‐potentiator ADX‐47273. This effort identified key substituents in the 3‐position of oxadiazole that engendered either mGluR5 ago‐potentiation or pure mGluR5 positive allosteric modulation. The mGluR5 positive allosteric modulators identified possessed the largest fold shifts (up to 27.9‐fold) of the glutamate CRC reported to date as well as providing improved physiochemical properties.

     

Short- and long-term learning of job interview with a serious game in virtual reality: influence of eyestrain,stereoscopy, and apparatus

Virtual Reality - Do apparatuses and eyestrain have effects on learning performances and quality of experience? Materials and Methods: 42 participants played a serious game simulating a job...     

Buffer transference strategy for power control in B5G-ultra-dense wireless cellular networks

Wireless Networks - Beyond five generation (B5G) systems will demand strict and heterogeneous service requirements for the emerging applications. One solution to meet these demands is the dense...     

Read-out of soft X-ray contact microscopy microradiographs by focused ion beam/scanning electron microscope

A novel focused ion beam-based technique is presented for the read-out of microradiographs of Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes generated by soft x-ray contact microscopy (SXCM). In previous studies, the read-out was performed by atomic force microscopy (AFM), but in our work SXCM microradiographs were imaged by scanning ion microscopy (SIM) in a focused ion beam/scanning electron microscope (FIB/SEM). It allows an ad libitum selection of a sample region for gross morphologic to nanometric investigations, with a sequence of imaging and cutting. The FIB/SEM is less sensitive to height variation of the relief, and sectioning makes it possible to analyse the sample further. The SXCM can be coupled to SIM in a more efficient and faster way than to AFM. Scanning ion microscopy is the method of choice for the read-out of microradiographs of small multicellular organisms.     

Automatic benchmark profiling through advanced workflow‐based trace analysis

Benchmarking has proven to be crucial for the investigation of the behavior and performances of a system. However, the choice of relevant benchmarks still remains a challenge. To help the process of comparing and choosing among benchmarks, we propose a solution for automatic benchmark profiling. It computes unified benchmark profiles reflecting benchmarks' duration, function repartition, stability, CPU efficiency, parallelization, and memory usage. Our approach identifies the needed system information for profile computation and collects it from execution traces captured without benchmark code modifications. It structures profile computation as a reproducible workflow for automatic trace analysis, which efficiently manages important trace volumes. In this paper, we report on the design and the implementation of our approach, which involves the collection and analysis of about 500 GB of trace data coming from 2 different platforms (an x86 desktop machine and the Juno SoC board). The computed benchmark profiles provide valuable insights about the benchmarks' behavior and help compare different benchmarks on the same platform as well as the behavior of the same benchmark on different platforms.     

Building a drug development database: challenges in reliable data availability

Abstract

Context: Policy and legislative efforts to improve the biomedical innovation process must rely on a detailed and thorough analysis of drug development and industry output.

Objective: As part of our efforts to build a publicly-available database on the characteristics of drug development, we present work undertaken to test methods for compiling data from public sources. These initial steps are designed to explore challenges in data extraction, completeness and reliability. Specifically, filing dates for Investigational New Drugs (IND) applications with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) were chosen as the initial objective data element to be collected.

Materials and methods: FDA’s Drugs@FDA database and the Federal Register (FR) were used to collect IND dates for the 587 New Molecular Entities (NMEs) approved between 1994 and 2014. When available, the following data were captured: approval date, IND number, IND date and source of information.

Results: At least one IND date was available for 445 (75.8%) of the 587 NMEs. The Drugs@FDA database provided IND dates for 303 (51.6%) NMEs and the FR contributed with 297 (50.6%) IND dates. Out of the 445 NMEs for which an IND date was obtained, 274 (61.6%) had more than one date reported.

Discussion: Key finding of this paper is a considerable inconsistency in reliably available or reported data elements, in this particular case, IND application filing dates as assembled from publicly-available sources.

Conclusion: Our team will continue to focus on finding ways to collect relevant information to measure impact of drug innovation.