Alzheimer's disease and depression.

Reviews the empirical literature available on the phenomenon of depression in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although not extensively studied, there is accumulating evidence to suggest that depression affects a large number of patients with AD and can have profound effects on both the long-term functioning of these patients and the well-being of their caregivers. Thus far, the field is dominated by studies of prevalence. Considerably rarer are studies investigating etiology, association with other aspects of the disease, impact on patients and caregivers, assessment, and treatment. The conceptual issues, methodological differences, and implications of the studies that exist thus far are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Attributing negative intent to wife behavior: The attributions of maritally violent versus nonviolent men.

Compared attributions for negative wife behavior offered by 3 groups of husbands: 22 maritally violent and distressed, 17 nonviolent but maritally distressed, and 17 nonviolent and nondistressed. Husbands rated wife behaviors presented in 9 hypothetical problematic marital situation vignettes. On a measure of responsibility attributions, violent husbands were more likely than nondistressed husbands to attribute negative intentions, selfish motivation, and blame to the wife. On a measure of possible negative wife intentions, violent husbands were more likely than either distressed or nondistressed men to attribute negative intentions to the wife. Exploratory analyses suggested that certain types of marital situations (e.g., jealousy and rejection from wife) were particularly likely to elicit attributions of negative intent from violent husbands. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

艺术建筑设计的探索

通过徐州一中艺术楼的设计实践，寻求优美而独特的艺术形象，并用纯几何形体的组合来达到功能与形式的完美统一。     

Citizen Preferences and Paying for Police

Abstract: Researchers frequently approach questions dealing with local fiscal decision‐making using economic models. These models typically base the demand for public services on a set of socioeconomic characteristics that serve as rough proxies for voter preferences. Our study focuses more directly on preference formation and explores the nature of the relationship between citizens’ attitudes about police services and their willingness to pay for them. We pay particular attention to the role of demographic traits, television media, and direct contact with service providers. We present data from a survey of Connecticut adults and use these data to test direct and indirect effects models with regression analysis. We find evidence that attitudes about police predict willingness to pay for police services, holding the demographic attributes of respondents constant. We also find that the effects of some demographic traits on demand for services are mediated by preferences, as are some types of experience and media exposure.     

透过第四届亚洲印刷大奖赛看亚洲的印刷质量

业内人士翘首以待的一年一度的第四届亚洲印刷大奖Asian Print Awards 2006，已经于11月11日在上海揭晓并举行了盛大的颁奖仪式。亚洲印刷大赛的颁奖仪式设在中国的上海，盟然是对于我国印刷业发展成就的重视。虽然亚洲印刷大奖只举办了4届，但在亚洲地区已经享有良好的声誉，并为众多有志于开拓国外市场的亚洲印刷企业所看重，其影响力不亚于美国Premier Print Awards印刷大奖赛。     

Preparation of brush-like crystals of poly[2,6-(1,4-phenylene)-benzobisimidazole]

Poly[2,6-(1,4-phenylene)-benzobisimidazole] (PPBI) crystals were prepared by using reaction-induced crystallization of oligomers during solution polymerization of 1,2,4,5-tetraaminobenzene and diphenyl terephthalate. Polymerizations were carried out at a monomer concentration of 4.3 × 10⁻² mol L⁻¹ at 350 °C for 6 h. Brush-like PPBI crystals were obtained in a mixture of structural isomers of dibenzyltoluene, in which many needle-like crystals came out vertically from the surface of the ribbon-like crystals. Average width and thickness of the ribbon-like crystals were 0.75 μm and 0.11 μm, respectively. And average length and diameter of the needle-like crystals were 0.36 μm and 50 nm, respectively. The brush-like crystals possessed high crystallinity and exhibited good thermal resistance. The ribbon-like crystals were formed by the crystallization of imidazole oligomers at an initial stage of polymerization, and then the needle-like crystals grew from the surface of the ribbon-like crystals. Polymerization occurred on the crystals when the oligomers were crystallized, leading to the high molecular weight PPBI crystals.     

Individuation, peers, and adolescent alcohol use: A latent growth analysis.

The study used latent growth modeling to investigate longitudinal relationships between individuation, peer alcohol use, and adolescent alcohol use among African American, Mexican American, and non-Hispanic White adolescents (N=6,048) from 7th, 8th, and 9th grades over a 3-year period. Initial levels of peer alcohol use were significantly related to changes in adolescents' alcohol use, whereas initial adolescent alcohol use also significantly related to changes in peers' alcohol use, suggesting a bidirectional relationship. Higher levels of intergenerational individuation were related to smaller increases in adolescent alcohol use and higher levels of separation were related to larger increases in youth drinking. The findings were similar across ethnic groups. Implications for development of prevention and intervention programs are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Aspects of social and emotional competence in adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Social and emotional competence were evaluated using self-report and behavioral measures in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and controls. Adults with ADHD viewed themselves as less socially competent but more sensitive toward violations of social norms than controls. Films depicting emotional interactions were used to assess linguistic properties of free recall and perceived emotional intensity. Although adults with ADHD used more words to describe the scenes, they used fewer emotion-related words, despite rating the emotions depicted as more intense than did controls. In contrast, no group differences for words depicting social or cognitive processes were observed. Overall, adults with ADHD appear more aware of their problems in social versus emotional skills. Findings may have implications for improving the psychosocial functioning of these adults. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Global practical tracking of a class of nonlinear systems by output feedback

In this paper we address the practical tracking problem for a class of nonlinear systems by dynamic output feedback control. Unlike most of the existing results where the unmeasurable states in the nonlinear vector field can only grow linearly, we allow higher-order growth of unmeasurable states. The proposed controller makes the tracking error arbitrarily small and demonstrates nice properties such as robustness to disturbances and universal property to reference signals.     

A note on global output regulation of nonlinear systems in the output feedback form

This note shows how the adaptive control method developed recently for nonlinearly parameterized systems can be used to solve the problem of global output regulation, for nonlinear systems in the so-called output-feedback form with unknown parameters and exogenous signals belonging to a compact set whose bound is also unknown.