热型连铸保温炉流场与温度场模拟及其结构优化

利用CFD软件FLUENT对自制横引式一股四流单晶铜热型连铸保温炉结构进行数值模拟,并提出优化方案。结果表明,现用保温炉的四流连铸出流口单边等距位置结构分布不合理,进流口铜液对靠近进流口位置的1号、3号出流口铜液扰动较大;温度场分布不均匀,进出流口最大温差近5K,且出流口1号、3号与2号、4号存在较大温差。采用双边对称、不等距结构,即进流口与1号、3号出流口距离增大到198mm的方案,炉膛内铜液的流动分布表现合理,各出流口温度几乎一致。     

选区激光熔化成形过程监测技术研究进展EI北大核心CSCD

选区激光熔化(SLM)作为现代工业构件制造的一种主流技术,广泛应用于汽车、航空航天及医学等领域,对SLM工艺的监测及闭环控制方式进行系统梳理变得极为重要。针对SLM技术原理及熔池变化,从SLM成形过程中的熔池温度和形貌特征综述选区激光熔化监测技术发展进程及不足,分析闭环反馈技术的研究现状。研究表明:SLM加工过程中熔池的变化状态是影响成形件质量的重要因素,通过光信号、声信号或多信号传感器可对熔池状态进行有效监测,而闭环控制需要算法分析、机器学习及传感器的协同配合才能实现实时反馈及控制。根据当前监测技术的实时性较差及系统反馈控制不够完善等问题,提出未来智能监测技术与实时闭环控制等发展方向,可为未来SLM成形高质量零件提供参考借鉴。     

TGO厚度和界面形貌对新型涂层双管系统应力分布的影响

以700℃新型涂层双管系统为研究对象,采用有限元顺次耦合的计算方法,开展了热机载荷作用下TGO厚度和界面形貌对系统应力分布的影响研究。结果表明:TGO的厚度与其界面粗糙度均会对系统的Mises应力分布产生影响,但是与TGO厚度相比,粗糙度对TGO/BC界面靠近波峰处的Mises应力影响更加显著。此外,在TGO界面幅值和波长一定的条件下,不同的界面波形排列不会直接影响系统TGO/BC界面波峰处的Mises峰值应力;由于幅值和波长变化有效地改变了TGO界面的曲率,它们是控制涂层双管系统TGO/BC界面应力分布的关键特征参量。     

生物膜法处理炼油废水

对影响生物膜内微生物活性的几个因素进行初步探索 ,并进行了生物接触氧化工艺去除炼油废水中氨氮和 COD的实验研究。实验发现在 COD≤ 50 0 mg/L的废水中 ,生物膜内异养细菌并不影响硝化细菌的代谢。生物接触氧化工艺能高效且稳定地同时去除废水中氨氮和 COD。     

变频器在氯气氢气压力自控中的应用

介绍在氯碱生产中采用变频器技术自动控制氯气氢气泵的电机转速而改变抽气量,实现氯气氢气总管压力自动控制的技术。     

新型稳定剂——环状二硫代二氧化物

介绍一类新型稳定剂——环状二硫代二氧化物。讨论了该类化合物的结构、应用条件及范围。该类化合物可防止因老化或贮存而引起的灰雾增加。性能最好的化合物是 1, 2－苯并硫代－ 3’－酮－ 1’ ,1’－二氧化物。该化合物的用量范围是（ 0.001～ 100） mg/mol Ag,最好的用量范围是 ( 1～ 50) mg/mol Ag。该化合物可以溶解在除甲醇以外的大多数普通有机溶剂中 ,适宜的溶剂有乙腈和丙酮。它可以以液体或液体分散物的形式加入 ,也可以以固体颗粒形式加入。原则上讲可以在乳剂制备过程中的任何时间加入到卤化银乳剂中 ,但最好是在化学增感期间或者化学增感之后加入 ,卤化银乳剂可以由任何卤化物组成 ,但最好是 含 AgCl为 95％以上的乳剂。卤化银乳剂颗粒大小和几何形状可以是任意的。实验结果表明该二氧化物是性能优良的稳定剂。     

反应性氨基硅乳整理剂的制备及应用

用数均摩尔质量为２６４０ｇ／ｍｏｌ的含Ｎ－β－氨乙基－γ－氨丙基的硅油与０．８％（相对于硅油的质量分数,下同）的甲基三乙氧基硅烷或０．６％的γ－（２,３－环氧丙氧基）丙基三甲氧基硅烷在９０～１１０℃反应１～４ｈ;再分别用脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、乙二醇单丁醚和消也化,可制得反应性氨基硅乳ＲＡＳ－、和ＲＡＳ－２,将其用于聚酯／胶粘共混纤维织物的整理,轧余率约７０％,织物经１００℃烘干,１８０℃固化３０ｓ,可     

Characterisation of melt spun Ni-Ti shape memory Ribbons’ microstructure

NiTi alloys are the most technologically important medical Shape Memory Alloys in a wide range of applications used in Orthopaedics, Neurology, Cardiology and interventional Radiology as guide-wires, self-expandable stents, stent grafts, inferior vena cava filters and clinical instruments. This paper discusses the use of rapid solidification by the melt spinning method for the preparation of thin NiTi ribbons for medical uses. Generally, the application of rapid solidification via melt-spinning can change the microstructure drastically, which improves ductility and shape memory characteristics and leads to samples with small dimensions. As the increase in the wheel speed led to a reduced ribbon thickness, the cooling rate increased and, therefore, the martensitic substructure became finer. Furthermore, no transition from the crystalline phase to the amorphous phase was obtained by increasing the cooling rate, even at a wheel speed of 30 m/s. Specimens for our metallographic investigation were cut from the longitudinal cross sections of melt-spun ribbons. Conventional TEM studies were carried out with an acceleration voltage of 120 kV. Additionally, the chemical composition of the samples was examined with a TEM equipped with an EDX analyser. The crystallographic structure was determined using Bragg-Brentano x-ray diffraction with Cu-K?? radiation at room temperature.     

Role of RE Element Nd on Boronizing Kinetics of Steels

Boronizing of AISI 1045 and ASTM W1-111/2 steels was carried out by pack boriding using Nd₂O₃-containing agent in the temperature range of 1053 to 1213?K. The effect of RE element Nd on boronizing kinetics was analyzed in terms of possible chemical reactions in boriding agent, surface elemental distribution and morphology evolution of the steels boronized at different temperatures. The results showed that the RE element Nd has two opposite effects on boronizing process, i.e., promoting effect at high temperatures and hindering effect at low temperatures. Boronizing using Nd₂O₃-containing agent can remarkably reduce the diffusion activation energy at higher temperatures. Empirical equations relating the boride layer thickness with processing time and temperature are established. Based on these equations, the contour diagrams of boride layer thickness for the studied steels boronized with addition of 5% Nd₂O₃ are presented.     

TiN涂层性能的分析与测定

测定并分析了用PCVD法获得的TiN涂层内的残余应力、涂层的抗变形性以及涂层的耐磨性。实验结果表明,TiN涂层内有残余应应力存在,在一定的变形力作用下,涂层将发生脆性断裂,TiN涂层的耐磨性是45°淬火钢的24倍。TiN涂层这些特性为它的应用奠定了基础。