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81.
LetR be a unidirectional asynchronous ring ofn identical processors each with a single input bit. Letf be any cyclic nonconstant function ofn boolean variables. Moran and Warmuth (1986) prove that anydeterministic algorithm that evaluatesf onR has communication complexity (n logn) bits. They also construct a family of cyclic nonconstant boolean functions that can be evaluated inO(n logn) bits by a deterministic algorithm.This contrasts with the following new results:
相似文献
1. | There exists a family of cyclic nonconstant boolean functions which can be evaluated with expected complexity bits by arandomized algorithm forR. |
2. | Anynondeterministic algorithm forR which evaluates any cyclic nonconstant function has communication complexity bits. |
82.
Measurements are reported of the dielectric properties of two semiconducting glasses of composition SiO2 · Na2O with admixtures of Sb2O
5 and SnO2, covering a wide range of temperatures and a range of six decades of frequency 10–2 to 104 Hz. Both glasses show a gradual evolution of growing low frequency dispersion (LFD) with increasing temperature, with both the real and imaginary components of the complex susceptibility following a power law of the type
n–1, with n 1 at the lowest frequencies. There are also clear indications of reversible phase transitions taking place which manifest themselves by changes in the spectral shape of the dielectric response. 相似文献
83.
Several related algorithms are presented for computing logarithms in fieldsGF(p),p a prime. Heuristic arguments predict a running time of exp((1+o(1))
) for the initial precomputation phase that is needed for eachp, and much shorter running times for computing individual logarithms once the precomputation is done. The running time of the precomputation is roughly the same as that of the fastest known algorithms for factoring integers of size aboutp. The algorithms use the well known basic scheme of obtaining linear equations for logarithms of small primes and then solving them to obtain a database to be used for the computation of individual logarithms. The novel ingredients are new ways of obtaining linear equations and new methods of solving these linear equations by adaptations of sparse matrix methods from numerical analysis to the case of finite rings. While some of the new logarithm algorithms are adaptations of known integer factorization algorithms, others are new and can be adapted to yield integer factorization algorithms. 相似文献
84.
85.
Kvin Nay William J. Smiles Jacqueline Kaiser Luke M. McAloon Kim Loh Sandra Galic Jonathan S. Oakhill Andrew L. Gundlach John W. Scott 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(8)
As life expectancy has increased, particularly in developed countries, due to medical advances and increased prosperity, age-related neurological diseases and mental health disorders have become more prevalent health issues, reducing the well-being and quality of life of sufferers and their families. In recent decades, due to reduced work-related levels of physical activity, and key research insights, prescribing adequate exercise has become an innovative strategy to prevent or delay the onset of these pathologies and has been demonstrated to have therapeutic benefits when used as a sole or combination treatment. Recent evidence suggests that the beneficial effects of exercise on the brain are related to several underlying mechanisms related to muscle–brain, liver–brain and gut–brain crosstalk. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the most relevant current knowledge of the impact of exercise on mood disorders and neurodegenerative diseases, and to highlight the established and potential underlying mechanisms involved in exercise–brain communication and their benefits for physiology and brain function. 相似文献
86.
Liza-Anastasia DiCecco Andrew D'Elia Chelsea Miller Prof. Dr. Kyla N. Sask Prof. Dr. Leyla Soleymani Prof. Dr. Kathryn Grandfield 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2021,22(15):2488-2506
For biological imaging using electron microscopy (EM), the use of room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) has been proposed as an alternative to traditional lengthy preparation methods. With their low vapor pressures and conductivity, RTILs can be applied onto hard-to-image soft and/or wet samples without dehydration – allowing for a more representative, hydrated state of material and opening the possibility for visualization of in situ physiological processes using conventional EM systems. However, RTILs have yet to be utilized to their full potential by microscopists and microbiologists alike. To this end, this review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of biological applications of RTILs for EM to bridge the RTIL, in situ microscopy, and biological communities. We outline future research avenues for the use of RTILs for the EM observation of biological samples, notably i) RTIL selection and optimization, ii) applications for live cell processes and iii) electron beam and ionic liquid interaction studies. 相似文献
87.
Gabriel LaPlante Andrew E. Marble Bryce MacMillan Pearl Lee-Sullivan Bruce G. Colpitts Bruce J. Balcom 《NDT & E International》2005,38(6):501-507
Water ingress inside honeycomb sandwich panels during service has been linked to in-flight failure in some aircraft. There is an ongoing effort to develop nondestructive testing methods to detect the presence of water within the panels. Magnetic resonance (MR) represents an attractive approach in that it is sensitive to moisture. Using a unilateral MR sensor, testing can be applied directly to the surface of the panel. The viability of MR is demonstrated through laboratory imaging of both water within sandwich panels, as well as the adhesive itself. The detection of water using a one-sided handheld MR sensor is presented. It is shown that simple detection, as well as spatial localization of water within sandwich panels is possible. 相似文献
88.
The adaptive Generalized Predictive Controller (Clarke et al., 1987a, b) is capable of controlling plants with variable dead-time, unknown model orders and unstable poles and zeros. This paper shows how the GPC control law can be written in an equivalent general linear transfer function form which simplifies closed-loop (eg. root locus) analysis. Three recommended strategies for selecting the design parameters during the commissioning stage allow the user to adjust the closed-loop speed of response on-line using only a single active tuning parameter. Experimental runs confirm the ability of adaptive GPC to provide a consistent closed-loop response in spite of large process changes. 相似文献
89.
Christer Löfstedt Bill S. Hansson Erik Petersson Peter Valeur Andrew Richards 《Journal of chemical ecology》1994,20(1):153-170
Extracts of different body parts of adult Trichoptera were tested for electrophysiological activity. Extracts of the IVth and Vth abdominal sternites of femaleHydropsyche angustipennis, Rhyacophila nubila, andR. fasciata, containing a paired exocrine gland, elicited significant electroan-tennographic responses when tested on conspecific male antennae. The paired gland occurs also in males of all the species, and inH. angustipennis, extracts from males were more active than female extracts when tested on male antennae. Female and male extracts from all species were analyzed by gas chromatography with simultaneous flame ionization and electroantennographic detection (EAD). EAD-active peaks in female extracts, stimulating male antennae, were identified inH. angustipennis as nonan-2-one; and inR. nubila andR. fasciata as heptan-2-one, heptan-2-ol, nonan-2-one, and nonan-2-ol. EAD-active components from maleH. angustipennis stimulating male antennae were octan-2-one, nonan-2-one (major peak), (Z)-6-nonen-2-one, decan-2-one, and a methylbranched decan-2-one. Female extracts and synthetic mixtures of compounds identified from femaleH. angustipennis andR. fasciata were tested for attractivity in the field. High catches with control traps obscured the results, but a synthetic mixture of the four identified compounds was significantly attractive and not different from female extracts for attracting maleR. fasciata. InH. angustipennis, a synthetic six-component male blend, in which nonan-2-one was the major component, attracted significant numbers of male and femaleH. angustipennis. Extracts of maleR. nubila andR. fasciata contained acetophenone and hexanoic and octanoic acids but did not have any electrophysiological or behavioral activity on either male or female antennae of conspecifics. The occurrence of a female sex pheromone inRhyacophila and an aggregation pheromone inHydropsyche corresponds to earlier described differences in mating behaviors in the Rhyacophilidae and Hydropsychidae. 相似文献
90.
James?A.?KenarEmail author Gerhard?Knothe Robert?O.?Dunn Thomas?W.?RyanIII Andrew?Matheaus 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2005,82(3):201-205
Carbonates are a class of compounds that have recently found increasing interest in commercial applications owing to their
physical properties and relatively straightforward synthesis. In this work, physical and fuel properties of five straight-chain
C17–39 and three branched C17–33 oleochemical carbonates were investigated. These properties included cetane number (CN), low-temperature properties, (kinematic)
viscosity, lubricity, and surface tension. The carbonates studied had CN ranging from 47 to 107 depending on carbon chain
length and branching. For the same number of carbons, the CN of carbonates were lower than those of FA alkyl esters owing
to interruption of the CH2 chain by the carbonate moiety. Kinematic viscosities at 40°C ranged from 4.9 to 22.6 mm2/s whereas m.p. ranged from +3 to below −50°C depending on the carbonate structure. High-frequency reciprocating rig testing
showed the neat carbonates to have acceptable lubricity that improved as chain length increased. Finally, the carbonate's
ability to influence cold-flow properties in biodiesel (methyl soyate) and lubricity in low-lubricity ultra-low sulfur diesel
were examined. The carbonates studied did not significantly affect cold flow or lubricity properties at concentrations up
to 10,000 ppm (1 wt%). The properties of the carbonates resemble those of fatty alkyl esters with similar trends resulting
from compound structure. 相似文献