Zur Elektrodenkinetik von Reinst – Eisen im Phosphatelektrolyten bei Feststoffeinschlag (Simulation von Erosionskorrosion)

Electrode kinetics of high purity iron in phosphate electrolytes under solid particle impact (Simulation of erosion corrosion) Erosion-corrosion of high purity iron was simulated by means of a vibration cell in a neutral phosphate electrolyte. The investigations were carried out to explain the initiation processes of this type of corrosion. The results confirm the general conception of the central role of reaction layer destruction in erosion-corrosion processes. Under these conditions a qualitative change in reaction layer formation occur. By solid impact the layers are destroyed locally and so conditions of pit nucleation exist. The destruction of the layers depends on the action of shear forces resulting from tensile or compressive strains.     

Safer sex knowledge, behavior, and attitudes of inner-city women.

Sexual behavior, knowledge of HIV transmission and prevention, perceived risk of AIDS, and safer sex behavior were studied in a sample of 289 single, pregnant, inner-city women. African-American and European-American women were equally represented. Women had poor AIDS knowledge. Sexual behavior placed women at risk for HIV infection due to the lack of condom or spermicide use. Women did not perceive themselves at risk for the AIDS virus, although they did recognize that heterosexuals were at risk. Their lack of risk perception was partly based on their having a single sexual partner. They did not regard their partner's current or past behavior as placing them at risk. Recommendations for intervention and cultural differences are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Self-presentation dynamics on overt integrity tests: Experimental studies of the Reid Report.

Three experiments examined impression-management responses to the Reid Report Integrity Attitude Inventory. Ss encouraged to score high on the honesty test attained higher scores than a control group, but no higher than a group of job applicants. Study 2 offered money for high scores, and provided information to use concerning the 1st, 2nd, or both factors of the Reid Report. Ss in the 3 information conditions scored higher than those in a control condition, but again were no higher than job applicants. In a 3rd study, Ss were asked to respond to the Reid Report and to several other measures as if they seriously wanted a job. After the test, each subject was overpaid for the participation. Reid Report scores were significantly correlated with returning vs retaining the money. These results suggest that integrity tests possess predictive validity despite some impression-management response distortion. Relations with other personality measures also are presented. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A rose by any other name . . . : Labelling bias and attitudes toward behavior modification.

Investigated the effect of presentation labels upon Ss' evaluation of behavior modification in 2 experiments with a total of 194 college students. In Exp I, 2 groups of undergraduates were shown identical videotapes of a teacher using reinforcement methods. In the 1st group the videotape was described as illustrative of "behavior modification," whereas the tape was labeled as "humanistic education" in the 2nd group. A questionnaire that required the Ss to evaluate the teacher and the lesson was then administered. Identical procedures were repeated in Exp II, which studied graduate students. For both samples, when the events on the videotape were described as illustrative of humanistic education, (a) the teacher received significantly more favorable ratings and (b) the teaching method was seen as significantly more likely to promote academic learning and emotional growth. (16 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Bereavement: A special disorder of object loss: A comparison of two cases.

Bereavement offers opportunities for self-growth because previous compromise formations and internalizations cannot be held against the magnitude of the trauma triggered by the loss of a significant object. Defensive positions give way under the powerful drives and needs set free by the loss of the need-satisfying object. The pressure of these drives and needs propels and compels the bereaved to seek their satisfaction. Often, unresolved conflicts and themes from childhood and adolescence are reactivated by this experience, and the bereaved person has a "second chance" for real change and growth. Sometimes this enables an in-depth treatment experience reminiscent of a good analytic patient. Other times this is not so, and the analyst's ability to be helpful remains limited. This article explores an example of each. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Study of electrochemical properties and formation of some phenolic block copolymers

Phenolic block copolymers have been prepared by condensation of p-cresol-formaldehyde and p-toluidine-formaldehyde homopolymer chains. The compositions of the copolymers have been determined by electrometric titrations in non-aqueous solvents. Efforts have been made to correlate structural features of the copolymers, such as intramolecular hydrogen bonding, and the probable number of phenolic and aromatic amine units in the respective blocks of the copolymer chain with their titration curves.     

An improved hole grid pattern for the relocation of specimens in the electron microscope

An electron-microscope grid with circular holes arranged in a pattern indicating the orientation of the central area to the edge is described. The grids allow regions observed in a transmission electron microscope to be relocated easily or identified in lower resolution instruments.     

A proposed mechanism of tenderising post-rigor beef using high pressure–heat treatment

Tenderness of beef M. Sternomandibularis was tough when cooked from both raw, and when previously heated (60 °C, 20 min), whereas a significant improvement in tenderness was achieved when pressure–heat (P–H) treated muscle (200 MPa, 60 °C, 20 min) was cooked. In order to determine the mechanism for this improvement, connective tissue, myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic proteins, were separated into three fractions and studied with regard to their solubilisation, denaturation and aggregation, degradation and strengthening of protein structures for the three treatments (raw, heated and H–P treated). Measurements included DSC, SDS–PAGE, surface hydrophobicity, and the appearance, length and width of myofibres (light microscopy). For the connective tissue fraction, heat solubility was determined.     

Wear of metal-containing diamond-like carbon coatings

Four commercial metal-containing DLC coatings were tested with a ball-on-disk tribomete to examine their modes of wear. Although all were sputter-deposited, the coatings differed in their compositions, thicknesses, and surface finish. The tests showed certain common wear modes. In each case the films wore away at constant rates until they were worn through. In this sense, interface adhesion was not an important issue. Since the nominal contact areas increased significantly during the course of the test, while the wear rates were constant, the wear rate was not controlled by the nominal average contact stress. Our data are consistent with the model of Greenwood and Williamson.