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61.
Conservation laws of mass, momentum, and energy for the thermo-inelastic body in the region involving the moving interface between the solid and liquid are introduced to derive jump conditions of velocity, stress, and energy on the interface as the sequence of local form for the generalized Reynolds transport theorem. The jump condition of energy is revealed to be the generalized Stefan condition for moving interface problems. The finite element formulation is used to analyze the modes of flow, deformation, and stresses in a melting or solidifying process by employing a viscoplastic constitutive equation that describes the mechanical behavior of both the solid and liquid phases. The mathematical formalism is applied to simulate bead-on plate welding. 相似文献
62.
A straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbine with a directed guide vane row — Effect of guide vane geometry on the performance — 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Manabu Takao Hideki Kuma Takao Maeda Yasunari Kamada Michiaki Oki Atsushi Minoda 《热科学学报(英文版)》2009,18(1):54-57
The objective of this study is to show the effect of guide vane geometry on the performance. In order to overcome the disadvantages
of vertical axis wind turbine, a straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbine (S-VAWT) with a directed guide vane row has been
proposed and tested by the authors. According to previous studies, it was clarified that the performance of the turbine can
be improved by means of the directed guide vane row. However, the guide vane geometry of S-VAWT has not been optimized so
far. In order to clarify the effect of guide vane geometry, the effects of setting angle and gap between rotor blade and guide
vane on power coefficient and starting characteristic were investigated in the experiments. The experimental study of the
proposed wind turbine was carried out by a wind tunnel. The wind tunnel with a diameter of 1.8m is open jet type. The wind
velocity is 8 m/s in the experiments. The rotor has three straight blades with a profile of NACA0018 and a chord length of
100 mm, a diameter of 0.6 m and a blade height of 0.7 m. The guide vane row consists of 3 arc plates. 相似文献
63.
Yoshitaka Chikazawa Atsushi Katoh Hiroyuki Obata Masayuki Uzawa Kazuhiro Koga Ryo Chishiro 《Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology》2013,50(4):437-447
A simplified fuel handling system design for the demonstration Japan sodium-cooled fast reactor (JSFR) has been proposed. Fast Reactor Cycle Technology Development project phase I results of key technology evaluations on a pantograph fuel handling machine (FHM), a fuel transfer pot with two core component positions, dry spent fuel cleaning and minor actinide-bearing fresh fuel shipping cask are summarized. A full-scale FHM mockup has been fabricated and tested in the air accumulating performance and seismic tolerance data. A mockup fuel transfer pot with fins and chromium carbide coating has been fabricated and tested with sodium accumulating heat transfer performance data. Several sodium cleaning tests using a dummy subassembly has been conducted accumulating cleaning performance data. For fresh fuel shipping cask, a design tool for evaluation of heat transfer capability has been developed and a helium gas cask shows cooling capability of minor actinide-bearing fresh fuel. Those experimental and analytical efforts have shown that key technologies to develop simplified fuel handling system are matured enough to proceed large-scale sodium experiments and conceptual design study for the demonstration JSFR. 相似文献
64.
Takafumi Motooka Atsushi Komatsu Takashi Tsukada Masahiro Yamamoto 《Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology》2014,51(7-8):987-995
In spent fuel pools at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (1F), seawater was injected for cooling purposes after the tsunami disaster in March 2011. It is well known that the chloride in the seawater has the potential to cause localized corrosion (e.g., pitting corrosion) in metals. In this study, we evaluated the pitting potentials of zircaloy-2, the material used in the fuel cladding tubes in 1F, as a function of chloride concentration. To accomplish this, we used artificial seawater under gamma-ray irradiation and investigated the effect of radiolysis on pit initiation of zircaloy-2 in water containing sea salt. Changes in the composition of water containing sea salt were analyzed as well, both before and after gamma-ray irradiation. The characteristics of the resultant oxide films formed on zircaloy-2 were evaluated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The experimental results showed that the pitting potential under irradiation was slightly higher than that under conditions in which no radiation was present, and that the pitting potential decreased with increasing chloride concentration in the presence as well as the absence of radiation. Solution analyses for water containing sea salt showed that hydrogen peroxide was generated by irradiation. The oxide film was composed of zirconium oxide and was made thicker during the irradiation. The higher pitting potential could thus be explained by the capacity of hydrogen peroxide to oxidize the surface and enhance oxide film formation. Under gamma-ray irradiation, the zircaloy-2 surface with an oxide film formed by radiolysis products was found to be resistant to pitting in the presence of chloride. 相似文献
65.
Y Naito K Ohori M Tanaka T Kamo S Baba T Hori K Hashizume H Sugimura 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,48(8):603-610
In order to characterize human desmoid tumors in vitro, the production of collagen and elastin and the expression of collagen types alpha1(I), alpha1(III) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 mRNA were investigated in six desmoid tumors; five derived from familial adenomatous polyposis patients and one from a sporadic case. The proportion of collagen production to total protein production was determined by 3H-imino acid incorporation, an indicator of collagen synthesis, using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The proportion of collagen production to total protein production was much higher in all six desmoid tumors compared with human skin fibroblasts (HSF). Quantitatively, the rate of elastin synthesis in desmoid tumor cells monitored by valine-proline peptide was also significantly higher than in HSF. Pro-alpha1(I) collagen mRNA was highly expressed in both desmoid tumors and HSF at approximately the same level, whereas pro-alpha1(III) collagen mRNA was more abundant in some of the desmoid tumors than the normal skin fibroblastic cell lines. Tumor growth factor-beta1 mRNA, which is believed to stimulate collagen synthesis, was expressed in both desmoid tumors and HSF to the same extent. These results demonstrate the increased formation of collagen and elastin in desmoid tumors in vitro and suggest that the increased synthesis of elastin rather than of collagen and TGF-beta1 may be involved in increased fibrogenesis by desmoid tumors. 相似文献
66.
Satoru Shindo Irma Josefina Savitri Takenobu Ishii Atsushi Ikeda Roodelyne Pierrelus Alireza Heidari Keisuke Okubo Shin Nakamura Umadevi Kandalam Mohamad Rawas-Qalaji Elizabeth Leon Maria Rita Pastore Patrick Hardigan Toshihisa Kawai 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(6)
Effects of the antiosteoblastogenesis factor Semaphorin 4D (Sema4D), expressed by thrombin-activated platelets (TPs), on osteoblastogenesis, as well as osteoclastogenesis, were investigated in vitro. Intact platelets released both Sema4D and IGF-1. However, in response to stimulation with thrombin, platelets upregulated the release of Sema4D, but not IGF-1. Anti-Sema4D-neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mAb) upregulated TP-mediated osteoblastogenesis in MC3T3-E1 osteoblast precursors. MC3T3-E1 cells exposed to TPs induced phosphorylation of Akt and ERK further upregulated by the addition of anti-sema4D-mAb, suggesting the suppressive effects of TP-expressing Sema4D on osteoblastogenesis. On the other hand, TPs promoted RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis in the primary culture of bone-marrow-derived mononuclear cells (BMMCs). Among the known three receptors of Sema4D, including Plexin B1, Plexin B2 and CD72, little Plexin B2 was detected, and no Plexin B1 was detected, but a high level of CD72 mRNA was detected in RANKL-stimulated BMMCs by qPCR. Both anti-Sema4D-mAb and anti-CD72-mAb suppressed RANKL-induced osteoclast formation and bone resorptive activity, suggesting that Sema4D released by TPs promotes osteoclastogenesis via ligation to a CD72 receptor. This study demonstrated that Sema4D released by TPs suppresses osteogenic activity and promotes osteoclastogenesis, suggesting the novel property of platelets in bone-remodeling processes. 相似文献
67.
Takeo Hattori Atsushi Shigemori Jun-Ichi Mohri Masahiro Yoshimura Shigeyuki Somiya 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1982,65(9):c142-c142
Powder compacts of synthetic mica (fluorphlogopite) encapsulated in a boro–silicate glass tube were isostatically hot–pressed in a Roy–Tuttle–type pressure vessel. Synthetic mica was sintered to a density of 2.60 g/cm3 (91.2% of theoretical density) without additives under 98 MPa of water at 800°C for 45 min. 相似文献
68.
Ryo Hashikawa Yasuhiro Fujii Atsushi Kinomura Takeshi Saito Arifumi Okada Takashi Wakasugi Kohei Kadono 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2019,102(4):1642-1651
Radiophotoluminescence phenomena have been widely investigated on various types of materials for dosimetry applications. We report that an aluminoborosilicate glass containing 0.005 mol% copper exhibits intense photoluminescence in the visible region induced by X-ray and γ-ray irradiation. The luminescence is assigned to the 3d94s1 → 3d10 transition of Cu+. The proportionality of the intensity of the induced photoluminescence to the irradiation dose was confirmed up to 0.5 kGy using 60Co γ-ray irradiation. Based on the spectroscopic results, a potential mechanism was proposed for the enhancement of the photoluminescence. The exposure to the ionizing radiation generates electron-hole pairs in the glass, and the electrons are subsequently captured by the Cu2+ ions, which are converted to Cu+ and emit the luminescence. For the glass containing 0.01 mol% copper, the pronounced enhancement of the photoluminescence was not observed because the reverse reaction, ie, the capture of the holes by the Cu+ ions, becomes prominent. The photoluminescence induced by the irradiation was stably observed for the glasses kept at room temperature and even for the glasses heat-treated at 150°C. However, the induced photoluminescence could be eliminated by the heat treatment at a temperature at 500°C, and the glass returned to the initial pre-irradiation state. The Cu-doped aluminoborosilicate glass is a potential candidate for use in dosimetry applications. 相似文献
69.
70.
Shirouchi B Kawamura S Matsuoka R Baba S Nagata K Shiratake S Tomoyori H Imaizumi K Sato M 《Lipids》2011,46(8):789-793
Guar gum has a well-recognized hypolipidemic effect. This effect is thought to be due to the physicochemical properties of
guar gum, which may cause changes in adsorption of lipids or the viscosity of the intestinal contents. Guar gum is a non-specific
absorption inhibitor of any type of lipid-soluble compound. Permanent lymph duct cannulation was performed on rats to investigate
the effects of dietary guar gum on lymph flow and lipid transport. Rats fed a 5% guar gum diet were compared with those fed
a 5% cellulose diet, and lymph was collected after feeding. The water-holding capacity (WHC), settling volume in water (SV),
and viscosity of guar gum were compared with those of cellulose. Rats fed with the guar gum diet had significantly lower lymph
flow and lymphatic lipid transport than did rats fed with the cellulose diet. The WHC, SV, and viscosity of guar gum were
significantly higher than those of cellulose. We propose that dietary guar gum reduces lymph flow and thereby diminishes lipid
transport by means of its physicochemical properties related to water behavior in the intestine. 相似文献