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991.
Jefferson Fabrício Cardoso Lins Hugo Ricardo Z. Sandim Hans-Jürgen Kestenbach 《Journal of Materials Science》2007,42(16):6572-6577
The present paper reports the experimental results on the microstructural and textural characterization of a hot-rolled IF
steel. The IF steel was hot-rolled in multiple passes in the austenitic field (1,070 °C) followed by air-cooling. SEM, TEM,
and LOM were used to image the microstructure of the material. The global texture was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD)
technique. The mesotexture of selected regions was investigated by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). Results show the
presence of a diffuse (nearly random) and weak texture in the hot-band that consists of recrystallized polygonal grains and
subgrains. The fraction of boundaries with misorientations comprised in the interval 2° ≤ ψ < 15° was found to be lower than
5%. It can be concluded that these low angle boundaries and the presence of subgrains can be associated to the existence of
a few areas softened by recovery during or after hot rolling in austenitic field. 相似文献
992.
Metal-based microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) have important advantages over Si-based MEMS. To form any functional metal-based
microdevice from metallic high-aspect-ratio microscale structures (HARMS), proper assembly and packaging are required. In
this paper, we report successful eutectic bonding of Al-based HARMS using Al–Ge intermediate layers. A series of Al–Ge composite
thin films were vapor deposited. Their composition and micro-/nano-scale structure were characterized. The morphology of bonded
Al structures was examined, including the morphology of separated surfaces. 相似文献
993.
Effect of hydrogen charging on dislocation behavior in Ni-Cr and Ni<Subscript>2</Subscript>Cr alloys
Kaori Miyata 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A》2003,34(6):1249-1257
The effects of hydrogen charging on the dislocation behaviour in Ni-Cr binary alloys have been investigated by means of transmission
electron microscope (TEM) observations using single-crystalline specimens. The deformation mode of Ni-Cr alloys in the absence
of hydrogen is characterized by planar dislocations. However, hydrogen charging changed the dislocation configurations to
promote curved dislocations, such as dislocation loops and dipoles. The hydrogen-affected dislocation configurations are enhanced
with increasing Ni content and reducing Cr content. Weak-beam images show that the Shockley partials of the hydrogen-affected
dislocations frequently constrict to make kinks and cross-slip, as if the dislocations were generated by a thermally activated
process. The effect of hydrogen charging on superdislocations of a Ni2Cr superstructure has been also investigated using an aged 70Ni-30Cr alloy. While the deformation mode in the Ni2Cr superlattice is classified as five variants of superdislocation triplets and one variant of ordinary dislocations, the
hydrogen charging has preferred the ordinary dislocations to the superdislocation triplets. The results suggest that the charged
hydrogen changes the local plasticity to affect the deformation dynamics in Ni-Cr alloys, where the influence of hydrogen
on the plasticity is sensitive to the Ni/Cr concentration and the symmetry of atomic arrangement. 相似文献
994.
Bayesian and Dempster-Shafer fusion 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The Kalman Filter is traditionally viewed as a prediction-correction filtering algorithm. In this work we show that it can
be viewed as a Bayesian fusion algorithm and derive it using Bayesian arguments. We begin with an outline of Bayes theory,
using it to discuss well-known quantities such as priors, likelihood and posteriors, and we provide the basic Bayesian fusion
equation. We derive the Kalman Filter from this equation using a novel method to evaluate the Chapman-Kolmogorov prediction
integral. We then use the theory to fuse data from multiple sensors. Vying with this approach is the Dempster-Shafer theory,
which deals with measures of “belief”, and is based on the nonclassical idea of “mass” as opposed to probability. Although
these two measures look very similar, there are some differences. We point them out through outlining the ideas of the Dempster-Shafer
theory and presenting the basic Dempster-Shafer fusion equation. Finally we compare the two methods, and discuss the relative
merits and demerits using an illustrative example. 相似文献
995.
Voltage switching induced by long-wavelength infrared light from a CO2 laser was observed using a double-barrier resonant tunneling diode (RTD) biased in the bistable region and the intersubband transition (IT) between the quantum confined states. Possible optoelectronic and all-optical switching applications involving hysteresis are proposed and discussed 相似文献
996.
A rotative quadrature phase-shift keying (RQPSK) modulation scheme is proposed. By rotating the QPSK signal constellation by pi /2 either clockwise or anticlockwise during a symbol duration, the conventional QPSK scheme can be modified to transmit 3 bits per symbol to achieve both power and bandwidth efficiency.<> 相似文献
997.
行激励级电路的设计是完全为行输出级服务的,它实质上是行输出级电路设计的一个重要而不可分割的组成部分。因此行激励级电路的设计,自然采用了从显象管偏转线圈和行输出管到激励变压器和行激励级的倒推设计法。 相似文献
998.
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