(S)-Reutericyclin: Susceptibility Testing and In Vivo Effect on Murine Fecal Microbiome and Volatile Organic Compounds

We aimed to assess the in vitro antimicrobial activity and the in vivo effect on the murine fecal microbiome and volatile organic compound (VOC) profile of (S)-reutericyclin. The antimicrobial activity of (S)-reutericyclin was tested against Clostridium difficile, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus (S.) epidermidis, Streptococcus agalactiae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Propionibacterium acnes. Reutericyclin or water were gavage fed to male BALBc mice for 7 weeks. Thereafter stool samples underwent 16S based microbiome analysis and VOC analysis by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). (S)-reutericyclin inhibited growth of S. epidermidis only. Oral (S)-reutericyclin treatment caused a trend towards reduced alpha diversity. Beta diversity was significantly influenced by reutericyclin. Linear discriminant analysis Effect Size (LEfSe) analysis showed an increase of Streptococcus and Muribaculum as well as a decrease of butyrate producing Ruminoclostridium, Roseburia and Eubacterium in the reutericyclin group. VOC analysis revealed significant increases of pentane and heptane and decreases of 2,3-butanedione and 2-heptanone in reutericyclin animals. The antimicrobial activity of (S)-reutericyclin differs from reports of (R)-reutericyclin with inhibitory effects on a multitude of Gram-positive bacteria reported in the literature. In vivo (S)-reutericyclin treatment led to a microbiome shift towards dysbiosis and distinct alterations of the fecal VOC profile.     

IMAGING OF PARTICLE MOTION IN FLUID-SOLID SYSTEMS USING A GAMMA CAMERA

A new approach is presented for the characterization of particle motion in fluid-solid systems based on dynamic imaging with a gamma scintillation camera. A two-dimensional spouted bed of 200-500 micron diameter anion exchange resin beads was used as a test system. One or several beads were radiolabeled with the 140 keV gamma emitting radionuclide 99m-Tc pertechnetate, and particle velocity, panicle path, the spatial distribution of particle residence times, and local bed density were determined from the measured temporal and spatial distributions of particle activity. While care must be exercised in the interpretation of data when the scale for changes in the spatial distribution of activity approaches the limits of camera resolution, the method is quantitative, non-invasive, and well suited to the study of systems having symmetry in one spatial dimension.     

The Shot Heard Around the World Wide Web: Who Heard What Where About Osama bin Laden's Death

This study investigated what sources were relied on to find out about Osama bin Laden's death and whether perceptions of credibility and political party affiliation influenced these media choices. The most striking difference in media reliance for bin Laden news was that whatever sources Tea Partiers relied on and thought credible were those that Democrats did not rely on or see as credible. Despite the clamor about how quickly news flows through social network sites and Twitter, only about 5% of respondents first heard about bin Laden through these sources and a slightly larger percentage spread the news via these tools. Moreover, social network sites and Twitter were the least relied on about the aftermath of bin Laden's death.     

Emulex10/40GbE提升NFV性能 加速回报

<正>长期以来,Emulex I/O解决方案的价值一直为全球电信公司所公认。如今,Emulex宣布推出计划中的高级功能,使用这些功能,电信公司能够更快速地开发优质网络服务提供给客户。新增功能包括增强了Emulex OneConnect OCe14000系列10Gb和40Gb以太网(10/40GbE)网络以及融合网络适配器(CNA)的数据包处理并提高了可编程性。使用这些新增功能,电信设备制造商(TEM)和电信运营商可以加快网络功能虚拟化(NFV)解决方案的部署。Emulex已经与6WIND建立合作伙伴关系,共同开发了Emulex轮询模式驱动程序(PMD),以增强数据平面开发工具包     

Free fatty acids in cultured cells

A method for isolation and quantitation of cellular free fatty acid has been developed. When this method was used to quantitate the free fatty acid content of various cells and tissues, their levels of free fatty acids were found to vary over a wide range. In comparing tissue culture cells having different levels of free fatty acid, it was demonstrated that the conditions of culture and the type of serum in the medium are not responsible for the difference in levels. Isotopic studies have shown that the cellular free fatty acid is not biosynthesized, but is derived from the free fatty acid of the medium. Preliminary studies on the fate of the intracellular free fatty acid and a discussion of possible factors controlling the level of this compound in cells are presented.     

Development of new dyeing photoinitiators based on 6H-indolo[2,3-b]quinoxaline skeleton

The series of new dyes, which structures are based on 6H-indolo[2,3-b]quinoxaline skeleton that possess characteristic electronic absorption band at a boundary of UV and visible light were tested as potential light absorbing chromophores for photoinitiated polymerization.The studied dyes can be classified into two different groups. The first is the group, so called ‘the branched dyes’, which structures possess the part of molecule that can rotate without restraints and are characterized by low photoinitiation ability. The second, planar and rigid group of molecules provides another chromophores, which possess quite different properties in comparison to that observed for the branched dyes. Their photoinitiation ability is comparable to that observed for many commercially available photoinitiating systems.The location of electronic absorption spectra at a boundary of UV and visible light makes the tested dyes the good candidates for the photoinitiating system applied in dental restorative materials. Their high molar absorption coefficient allows to decrease the dyes concentration in dental formulation in comparison to commonly used camphorquinone.     

Capture of gypsy moth,Lymantria dispar (L.), andLymantria mathura (L.) males in traps baited with disparlure enantiomers and olefin precursor in the People's Republic of China

Pheromone traps baited with (+)-disparlure,cis-7,8-epoxy-2methyocta-decane, captured males ofLymantria dispar, L. monacha, andL. mathura in northeastern People's Republic of China.L. dispar responded to the addition of olefin to (+)-disparlure-baited traps in a negative doseresponse manner. Observations on site and seasonal capture ofL. dispar andL. mathura are discussed.Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae.     

Empathy and Modern Technology: A Neuroergonomics Perspective

The primary purpose of this paper is to discuss the role of empathy in the design of advanced systems in manufacturing and service industries in order to ensure suitable working conditions for employees from the social and technological point of view. The origins and components of empathy are briefly reviewed. The neural underpinnings of three components of empathy, including cognitive, emotional, and behavioral aspects, are considered in the context of human–human and human–machine interactions, as well as design of working environments. Finally, the potential advantages of applying empathy‐related knowledge to the design and development of human‐centered technology are discussed.