Graphene-nanoplatelet-based photomechanical actuators

This paper reports large light-induced reversible and elastic responses of graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) polymer composites. Homogeneous mixtures of GNP/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composites (0.1-5 wt%) were prepared and their infrared (IR) mechanical responses studied with increasing pre-strains. Using IR illumination, a photomechanically induced change in stress of four orders of magnitude as compared to pristine PDMS polymer was measured. The actuation responses of the graphene polymer composites depended on the applied pre-strains. At low levels of pre-strain (3-9%) the actuators showed reversible expansion while at high levels (15-40%) the actuators exhibited reversible contraction. The GNP/PDMS composites exhibited higher actuation stresses compared to other forms of nanostructured carbon/PDMS composites, including carbon nanotubes (CNTs), for the same fabrication method. An extraordinary optical-to-mechanical energy conversion factor (η(M)) of 7-9 MPa W(-1) for GNP-based polymer composite actuators is reported.     

Ultrasonic based method for damage identification in composite materials

We present an ultrasonic-based Lamb wave propagation method for identifying and measuring the damage location in a material as a basis for structural health monitoring (SHM). Lamb waves can propagate in a structure via mode conversion and reflection from the surfaces of the structure, and can lead to interference patterns as a resulting wave vector propagates along the structure. We determined the experimental and analytical effects of various parameters on the sensitivity of damage detection. A methodology is proposed for estimating and measuring the location of damage in test specimens. An experimental setup is used for generating A_o? Lamb waves by calibrating ultrasonic pulse generation for optimal values of parameters. Materials with different damage levels are tested in their undamaged and damaged conditions, and the effects of the parameters on the generated waves in test specimens are observed experimentally.     

小型电容薄膜真空规的设计

商用电容薄膜真空规存在体积大、重量重等问题,无法满足深空探测中真空测量需求,因此设计了一种小型电容薄膜真空规.设计中采用倒T型结构固定极板和防热变形结构,防止测量过程中温度变化导致的规管部件热变形;采用面积相同的双电极结构,消除测量过程中外界杂散电容和温度变化引起的测量信号偏差.小型电容薄膜真空规整体尺寸为φ42×24 mm,重量小于200 g,测量下限为10-2 Pa,测量不确定度预计小于5％,能适应较宽的工作温度范围,可以满足深空探测需求.     

Lipid‐PEG‐Folate Encapsulated Nanoparticles with Aggregation Induced Emission Characteristics: Cellular Uptake Mechanism and Two‐Photon Fluorescence Imaging

Folate functionalized nanoparticles (NPs) that contain fluorogens with aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) characteristics are fabricated to show bright far‐red/near‐infrared fluorescence, a large two‐photon absorption cross section and low cytotoxicity, which are internalized into MCF‐7 cancer cells mainly through caveolae‐mediated endocytosis. One‐photon excited in vivo fluorescence imaging illustrates that these AIE NPs can accumulate in a tumor and two‐photon excited ex vivo tumor tissue imaging reveals that they can be easily detected in the tumor mass at a depth of 400 μm. These studies indicate that AIE NPs are promising alternatives to conventional TPA probes for biological imaging.     

Hyperbranched Conjugated Polyelectrolyte for Dual‐modality Fluorescence and Magnetic Resonance Cancer Imaging

Herein is reported the synthesis of gadolinium ion (Gd(III))‐chelated hyperbranched conjugated polyelectrolyte (HCPE‐Gd) and its application in fluorescence and magnetic resonance (MR) dual imaging in live animals. The synthesized HCPE‐Gd forms nanospheres with an average diameter of ～42 nm measured by laser light scattering and a quantum yield of 10% in aqueous solution. The absorption spectrum of HCPE‐Gd has two maxima at 318 and 417 nm, and its photoluminescence maximum centers at 591 nm. Confocal laser scanning microscopy studies indicate that the HCPE‐Gd is internalized in MCF‐7 cancer cell cytoplasm with good photostability and low cytotoxicity. Further fluorescence and MR imaging studies on hepatoma H₂₂ tumor‐bearing mouse model reveal that HCPE‐Gd can serve as an efficient optical/MR dual‐modal imaging nanoprobe for in vivo cancer diagnosis.     

Bioaugmentation with Gordonia strain JW8 in treatment of pulp and paper wastewater

The Gordonia strain JW8 was successfully isolated, characterized, and tested for bioaugmentation of pulp and paper wastewater. With significant degradation of alkaline lignin, JW8 has the potential to render pulp and paper wastewater more biodegradable, which is of much interest to wastewater treatment. The sequencing batch reactor (SBR) inoculated with JW8 significantly enhanced the organic pollutants removal of pulp and paper wastewater compared to the control, achieving the best removal rates of 96.4% and 87.8% for biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD), respectively. A considerable decrease of BOD/COD ratio in wastewater was also achieved in the bioaugmented SBR. However, a drawback caused by JW8 inoculation was the resultant high sludge volume index and biological foaming and bulking, which can be controlled by food/mass adjustment. The denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis suggested that bioaugmentation with JW8 had a slight effect on the microbial dynamics, but more research is needed to understand the relationship between the microbial dynamics and pollutant removal.     

厚壁大直径风塔的焊接

与以往1.5 MW风电塔筒相比,3.0 MW风电塔架具有直径大、管壁厚等特点,所以在焊接过程中与以往的工艺有所不同,需要进行焊前预热、焊后消除应力处理,以改善其组织性能,来保证风电塔筒的焊接质量。重点介绍了大庆和平牧场3.0 MW风电塔筒的焊接工艺和热处理工艺;严格控制焊接顺序及影响焊接质量的层间温度、层间清理、清根质量、焊剂烘焙、工艺参数等各个环节;很好地解决了厚壁大直径风电塔筒焊接遇到的困难,达到了风电塔筒的焊接质量控制要求,从而保证风电塔筒的整体质量要求,保证风电机组正常、安全运行。     

Improvement of thermal performance of spiral heat exchanger on hydrogen storage by adding copper fins

The reaction time of hydrogen in metal-hydride vessels (MHVs for short) is strongly influenced by the heat transfer from/to the hydride bed. In the present work an experimental study of the geometric and the operating parameters of a finned spiral heat exchanger has been carried out to identify their influence on the performance of the charging process of the MHV. The experimental results show that the charge time of the reactor is considerably reduced, when finned spiral heat exchanger is used. In addition, the effect of different parameters (flow mass and temperature of the cooling fluid, applied pressure of hydrogen in the case of absorption and desorption) has been discussed and obtained results show that a good choice of these parameters is important.     

SSSC滑模控制策略研究

从SSSC定阻抗和定电压两种控制角度出发,分别将其视为可控电容器和可控电压源,分析了其各自的运行特点,并建立含SSSC的单机无穷大系统数学模型,运用了逆系统和滑模控制的方法分别对建立的多阶非线性系统模型进行控制设计,通过仿真验证了该控制对控制目标具有很好的稳定性和鲁棒性.