Ultra low power 2.4-GHz 0.35-/spl mu/m CMOS dual-modulus prescaler design

This letter presents the design and implementation of a dual-modulus (64/65) prescaler based upon the phase-switching technique. Low power consumption is achieved by using one dynamic flip-flop in the full-speed divide-by-four circuit and no power-hungry synchronizing circuits to tackle the glitch problem. The proposed design is fabricated using 0.35-/spl mu/m standard CMOS process and is measured to operate from 2.08-2.66GHz with power dissipation of less than 1mW.     

Performance of large-size superconducting coil in 0.21T MRI system

A high-temperature superconductor (HTS) was used on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) receiver coils to improve image quality because of its intrinsic low electrical resistivity. Typical HTS coils are surface coils made of HTS thin-film wafers. Their applications are severely limited by the field of view (FOV) of the surface coil configuration, and the improvement in image quality by HTS coil is also reduced as the ratio of sample noise to coil noise increases. Therefore, previous HTS coils are usually used to image small in vitro samples, small animals, or peripheral human anatomies. We used large-size HTS coils (2.5-, 3.5-, and 5.5-in mean diameter) to enhance the FOV and we evaluated their performance through phantom and human MR images. Comparisons were made among HTS surface coils, copper surface coils, and cool copper surface coils in terms of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and sensitivity profile of the images. A theoretical model prediction was also used to compare against the experimental result. We then selected several human body parts, including the wrist, feet, and head, to illustrate the advantage of HTS coil over copper coil when used in human imaging. The results show an SNR gain of 200% for 5.5-in HTS coil versus same size copper coils, while for 2.5- and 3.5-in coils it is 250%. We also address the various factors that affect the performance of large size HTS coils, including the coil-to-sample spacing due to cryogenic probe and the coil-loading effect.     

Design of quasi-elliptic function filters with a dual-passband response

Compact miniaturized hairpin resonators are used to design cross-coupled filters with a dual-passband response of elliptic function type. The hairpin resonators are treated as a stepped impedance resonator (SIR) in analysis. In a filter, two different hairpin resonators are used to establish proper couplings required for the two design frequencies. Two filters are fabricated and measured. The results show a good agreement with the simulation.     

Sensor fault detection algorithm based on credibility and neighbor-cooperation

To effectively detect whether a node was failure,one of the effective sensor fault detection methods was to compare historical data of suspicious node with its neighbors.The key points of this method were identification of suspicious nodes,as well as decision problem of sending timing for fault diagnosis messages.To this end,a sensor fault detection algorithm was presented based on credibility and neighbor-cooperation.Firstly,a credibility model to determine whether nodes are suspicious was established.Then suspicious nodes send fault diagnosis requests to neighbor nodes based on neighbor-cooperation.The sending timing was determined by equal probability time window.Finally,it could finish classification of fault condition and state judgment based on diagnosis responds of neighbor nodes.Simulation experiments show that this algorithm can achieve higher fault detection rate with less fault diagnosis times and low data congestion probability.     

Dissolution Behaviors and Applications of Silicon Oxides and Nitrides in Transient Electronics

Silicon oxides and nitrides are key materials for dielectrics and encapsulation layers in a class of silicon‐based high performance electronics that has ability to completely dissolve in a controlled fashion with programmable rates, when submerged in bio‐fluids and/or relevant solutions. This type of technology, referred to as “transient electronics”, has potential applications in biomedical implants, environmental sensors, and other envisioned areas. The results presented here provide comprehensive studies of transient behaviors of thin films of silicon oxides and nitrides in diverse aqueous solutions at different pH scales and temperatures. The kinetics of hydrolysis of these materials depends not only on pH levels/ion concentrations of solutions and temperatures, but also on the morphology and chemistry of the films, as determined by the deposition methods and conditions. Encapsulation strategies with a combination of layers demonstrate enhancement of the lifetime of transient electronic devices, by reducing water/vapor permeation through the defects.     

基于物联网的矿井通风机监控系统研究

针对当前矿井通风机监控系统功能单一、反馈控制能力差能等特点,提出一种基于物联网的矿井通风机监控系统。该系统利用传感器、Wi Fi技术实现监控系统实时数据传输和反馈报警控制功能。详细描述了矿井通风机监控系统构成及各硬件设计原理图,介绍了系统的底层驱动设计及软件设计流程。通过实验证明该矿井通风机监控系统能实时传输数据,视频监控稳定,能实现报警控制,可在移动平台或者PC机上进行监控,具有一定的推广价值。     

Multi-stratum resources resilience in software defined data center interconnection based on IP over elastic optical networks

IP over elastic optical network is a very promising networking architecture to interconnect data centers. It can enable efficient resource utilization and support heterogeneous bandwidth demands in cost-effective, highly available, and energy-effective manner. In case of aggregation elastic optical network node failure, to ensure a high-level quality of service for user request after the failure becomes a research focus. In this paper, we present a novel multi-stratum resources resilience (MSRR) architecture for the data center services in software defined data center interconnection based on IP over elastic optical networks. The MSRR can enable joint optimization of IP network, elastic optical network, and application stratum resources, and enhance the service resilience and the data center responsiveness to the dynamic end-to-end service demands. Additionally, a service-aware resource collaborative resilience strategy for MSRR is introduced based on the proposed architecture, which can provide the restoration using the multiple stratums resources in case of failure. The overall feasibility and efficiency of the proposed architecture are experimentally verified on our testbed. Moreover, the network performances are quantitatively evaluated through the simulation under heavy traffic load scenario in terms of path blocking probability, resource occupation rate, and path resilience latency.     

Effect of Heat Treatments on the Structural and Magnetic Properties of La-Co Substituted Strontium Ferrite Films

A sputter-deposited strontium ferrite film with perpendicular anisotropy has been developed. The film, composed of La_0.33Sr_0.67Co_0.25Fe_11.75O₁₉, has been fabricated directly on quartz glass substrates by radio frequency magnetron sputtering with various heat treatments. The structural and magnetic property dependence of those films on heat treatments has also been studied. The optimized condition is the heat treatment of in situ heating at 400°C and post-annealing at 850°C–900°C. When post-annealing temperature exceeds 900°C, parasitic phases of γ-Fe₂O₃ and LaFeO₃ appear and gradually increase; meanwhile, the magneto plumbite phase gradually decreases. High c-axis perpendicularly oriented films with the coercivity (4148 Oe), remanence squareness ratio (0.89) and perpendicular magnetic anisotropy energy density (1.65 × 10⁶ erg/cm³) are achieved, which is attributed to the single magneto plumbite phase with compact platelet grains and almost complete (0 0 l) texture of the c-axis normal to the film plane.     

On centralized and distributed algorithms for minimizing data aggregation time in duty-cycled wireless sensor networks

We study the problem of minimizing data aggregation time in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) under the practical duty-cycle scenario where nodes switch between active states and dormant states periodically for energy efficiency. Under the protocol interference model, we show that the problem is NP-hard and present a lower bound of delay for any data aggregation scheme. To solve the problem efficiently, we then construct a routing tree based on connected dominator set and propose two aggregation scheduling algorithms, which are the centralized Greedy Aggregation Scheduling (GAS) and the distributed Partitioned Aggregation Scheduling (PAS), so as to generate collision-free transmission schedules for data aggregation in duty-cycled WSNs. To minimize the total delay, GAS tries to achieve maximal concurrent transmissions in each time-slot during each frame by using global information, while PAS leverages a network partition based strategy and local information to ensure the largest degree of channel reuse across space and time domains. Theoretical analysis indicates that each algorithm consumes at most \(O(R+\varDelta)\) frames and achieves nearly constant factor approximation on the optimal delay. Here R and \(\varDelta\) are the network radius and the maximum node degree, respectively. We also evaluate the practicability of our algorithms by extensive simulations under various network conditions and the results corroborate our theoretical analysis.     

激光束心肌打孔改善心肌微循环动物实验研究

心血管疾病是目前死亡率较高的一种疾病。现在美国、苏联和日本等国都在进行激光心血管疾病的实验研究。激光心肌血管重建术已经取得了很大进展。我国从1987年开展了激光束心肌打孔改善心肌微循环的动物实验研究。激光心肌血管重建术系采用激光束辐照心肌表面,从心外膜打出细孔直达心内膜的手术,不必切开心脏,它优于通常的“搭桥”手术。本文报道采用CO_2激光束,以猪、狗、羊等为对象进行激光心肌血管重建术,以改善心肌微循环的实验结果。