聚乳酸/有机蒙脱土纳米复合材料的结晶性能研究

采用差示扫描量热法、X射线衍射法和热台偏光显微镜研究了有机蒙脱土对聚乳酸结晶性能的影响。研究结果表明,有机蒙脱土对聚乳酸结晶过程的影响是成核效应和阻碍分子链运动的协同作用,当其含量较低时,成核作用占主导地位,聚乳酸晶体的半径生长速率随其含量的增加而增加;而当有机蒙脱土的含量较高时,它对聚乳酸分子链运动的阻碍作用逐渐增强,聚乳酸晶体缺陷增加,晶体半径生长速率则随有机蒙脱土含量的增加而降低。     

Dielectric response of Sb-doped CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics

A series of Sb-doped CaCu₃Ti₄O₁₂ ceramics were fabricated by the conventional solid state method, and their crystalline structures, microstructures and dielectric properties were investigated systematically. All the ceramic samples exhibited perovskite-related structures in space group Im $\bar{3}$ . The grain size decreased slightly as Sb concentration increased; whereas the dielectric permittivity of the ceramics increased slightly. The giant dielectric response was considered to be closely related with a reduction in the potential barrier height at grain boundaries (GBs). The activation energy for the dc conduction process is comparable to that for conduction at GBs, indicating that the dc conduction process is associated with the electrical response of GBs.     

Carbon dioxide adsorption using amine-functionalized mesocellular siliceous foams

Mesocellular siliceous foams (MCFs) with and without remaining template were prepared and modified by polyethylenimine (PEI) or mixed amines [Diethylenetriamine and PEI or 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS) and PEI]. These samples were evaluated for their adsorption capacities for CO₂ at different temperatures. With the increase of PEI loading, the optimal adsorption temperature shifts to higher temperature for samples prepared in our study. The remaining template in MCF materials plays an important role in promoting CO₂ adsorption capacity, which could be 3.24 mmol/g when the amount of PEI loading is 70 % at 85 °C. Meanwhile, the remaining template contributes greatly to the dispersion of PEI, resulting in higher adsorption capacity at low temperature. The effect of the amount of remaining template was studied, and it was found that CO₂ adsorption capacity decreases with increasing template. The CO₂ adsorption capacities for mixed-amine-modified MCFs are higher than those of the samples modified by PEI only, which was ascribed to the better dispersion of PEI. MCF modified with the mixing of APTMS and PEI exhibited highest adsorption capacity of 2.67 mmol/g at 50 °C. These findings reveal that pore structure, PEI loading, PEI dispersion, and remaining template work together to influence the CO₂ adsorption performance.     

Temperature-dependent material properties of the components of magnetorheological fluids

Material properties of the components of magnetorheological (MR) fluids are critical to their control accuracy and service life. The aim of this study was to reveal the effects of temperature on the material properties of MR fluid components. In this paper, a detailed introduction to the components of MR fluids, including main performance indicators and commonly used materials, was presented at first. Then, theoretical analysis and experimental investigation were performed on the temperature-dependent material properties of MR fluid components. These material properties included the magnetization properties of the magnetic particle, as well as the shear viscosity and thermal expansion of the carrier fluid. Experimental results indicated that both the mass magnetization and coercivity of MR particles decreased as the temperature increased and the phenomenon was particularly obvious at high temperatures. Moreover, an increasing temperature could lead to a severe decrease of the shear viscosity and a relatively large thermal expansion of the carrier fluid. Research results from this study may serve to provide a theoretical and an experimental basis for the preparation of MR fluids with high thermal stability.     

Enhanced resistance of 2205 Cu-bearing duplex stainless steel towards microbiologically influenced corrosion by marine aerobic Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms

An antibacterial 2205-Cu duplex stainless steel(DSS)was shown to inhibit the formation and growth of corrosive marine biofilms by direct contact with copper-rich phases and the release of Cu~(2+)ions from the2205-Cu DSS surface.In this work,the microbiologically influenced corrosion(MIC)resistance of 2205-Cu DSS in the presence of the corrosive marine bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa was investigated.The addition of copper improved the mechanical properties such as the yield strength,the tensile strength and the hardness of 2205 DSS.Electrochemical test results from linear polarization resistance(LPR),electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)and critical pitting temperature(CPT)measurements showed that 2205-Cu DSS possessed a larger polarization resistance(R_p),charge transfer resistance(R_(ct))and CPT values,indicating the excellent MIC resistance of 2205-Cu DSS against the corrosive P.aeruginosa biofilm.The live/dead staining results and the SEM images of biofilm confirmed the strong antibacterial ability of 2205-Cu DSS.The largest pit depth of 2205-Cu DSS was considerably smaller than that of 2205 DSS after 14 d in the presence of P.aeruginosa(2.2μm vs 12.5μm).2205-Cu DSS possessed a superior MIC resistance to regular 2205 DSS in the presence of aerobic P.aeruginosa.     

Insight from in situ microscopy into which precipitate morphology can enable high strength in magnesium alloys

Magnesium alloys, while boasting light weight, suffer from a major drawback in their relatively low strength. Identifying the microstructural features that are most effective in strengthening is therefore a pressing challenge. Deformation twinning often mediates plastic yielding in magnesium alloys. Unfortunately, due to the complexity involved in the twinning mechanism and twin-precipitate interactions, the optimal precipitate morphology that can best impede twinning has yet to be singled out. Based on the understanding of twinning mechanism in magnesium alloys, here we propose that the lamellar precipitates or the network of plate-shaped precipitates are most effective in suppressing deformation twinning. This has been verified through quantitative in situ tests inside a transmission electron microscope on a series of magnesium alloys containing precipitates with different morphology. The insight gained is expected to have general implications for strengthening strategies and alloy design.     

Directional neurite outgrowth on superaligned carbon nanotube yarn patterned substrate

Superaligned carbon nanotube (CNT) yarn patterned substrates were developed as the topographic scaffold for guiding the neurite outgrowth. As-prepared patterned substrates were used for culturing rat hippocampal neurons, without purifying and functionalizing processes on the CNTs. The neurite outgrowth on the patterned substrate exhibited a strong tendency to being aligned along the CNT yarns long axes. The neurite grown along the CNT yarns had much less branching than the one on a uniform planar substrate typically used for neuron culture. These results indicate that the pure CNT yarns possess the main characteristics of a guidance scaffold for neurite outgrowth. Furthermore, the CNT yarns can be mass produced and be easily weaved into desired structures, which may make them attractive for neuronal regeneration and tissue engineering.     

纤维品种、长度及掺量对道面混凝土的性能影响研究

采用四种纤维品种、六个长度及五个掺量,试验研究了纤维品种、长度及掺量对道面混凝土强度的影响。结果表明：纤维能显著提高道面混凝土的抗折强度,但对抗压强度无显著影响,其中改性聚酯纤维混凝土抗折强度最高,抗折强度并不是简单地随纤维长度及掺量的增大而增加,而是存在一个最佳长度及掺量范围,其最佳长度为8mm～16mm,最佳体积掺量为0．10％～0．16％。建议机场高强道面采用体积掺量为0．10％～0．16％、长度为8mm～16mm的改性聚酯纤维混凝土铺筑。     

多功能爆速参数测试仪的研究与设计

本文利用单片机强大的数据处理能力,以及FPGA极高的时间准确度和高速性,设计了一款稳定性好、准确度高、分辨力为10ns的多功能爆速参数测试仪,该仪器不但解决了某型号高精度爆速仪检定仪的量值溯源问题,而且还可以作为民爆行业多款火工品的计量标准器具使用.     

Theoretical insights into strong intrinsic piezoelectricity of blue-phosphorus-like group-Ⅳ monochalcogenides

On the basis of known structures of β-GeTe bulk and the derived monolayer,we proposed a series of structural analogues MXs(M=Ge,Sn;X=S,Se,Te)with an intrinsic b...