海上地震拖缆拉力计算与应用

拖缆拉力是海上地震作业中一个重要指标,这直接关系到水下设备的使用寿命和安全.在冰区进行海洋地震勘探,对作业人员和设备都是极大的考验.出于设备安全考虑,应使用海锚代替尾标来应对拖缆等浮和摇摆问题.但在这方面国内外做的极少,并无现成经验可供参考,特别是对尾标和海锚的拉力没有一个准确的概念,不知道效果如何.这样工作人员只能通过测试和计算来确定海锚的使用方法和数量,保证顺利、高效、安全的作业.     

采用水量平衡法分析呼伦湖水域面积变化因素

为摸清呼伦湖水位下降而导致周边生态环境恶化的原因,以呼伦湖为研究对象,通过Landsat ETM+和OLI影像资料得到呼伦湖面积变化情况,将1960-2013年共分为4个时期,利用水量平衡法分析影响呼伦湖水量的主要因素。结果表明:不同时期影响因素及影响程度均不同,径流量的R值分别为0.42、0.93、0.60、0.86,每个时期影响最大值,面积减小了213 km~2,水位降低了3.35m。综合以上所述,得出入湖河流的径流量为调控呼伦湖水量的主控因子,其水域面积的持续萎缩主要是受气候变化和人类活动影响。     

Microstructure and properties of cement foams prepared by magnesium oxychloride cement

Microstructural features including pore size distribution, cell walls and phase compositions of magnesium oxychloride cement foams (MOCF) with various MgO powders and water mixture ratios were studied. Their influences on compressive strength, water absorption and resistance of MOCF were also discussed in detail. The experimental results indicated that moderate and slight excess MgO powders (MgO/MgCl₂ molar ratios from 5.1 to 7) were beneficial to the formation of excellent microstructure of MOCF, but increasing water contents (H₂O/MgO mass ratios from 0.9 to 1.29) might result in opposite conclusions. The microstructure of MOCF produced with moderate and slight excess MgO powders could enhance the compressive strength, while serious excess MgO powders addition (MgO/MgCl₂ molar ratios = 9) would destroy the cell wall structures, and therefore decrease the strength of the system. Although MOCF produced with excess MgO powders could decrease the water absorption, its softening coefficient was lower than that of the material produced with moderate MgO powders. This might be due to the instability of phase 5, the volume expansion and cracking of cell walls as immersed the sample into water.     

γ-氨基丁酸受体基因的系统性调控网络

提出一种多学科交叉结合的策略,试图初步获得系统性调控γ-氨基丁酸(gamma-aminobutyric acid,GABA)受体基因的转录因子线索.利用基于功能基因组学方法的DNA元件百科全书计划已发表的数据,系统性地获得GABA受体基因的开放染色质序列,并以此作为固相化探针,捕获与其特异性相互作用的蛋白质分子,并利用质谱分析鉴定蛋白.结果发现,对不同脑区获得的核蛋白,探针都能捕获到同样的特异性条带,然而,作为对照的天门冬氨酸(N-methyl-D-aspartate,NMDA)受体基因相关的开放染色质探针,在不同脑区中并未检获上述特异信号,说明结合蛋白是特异的.质谱分析表明,与GABA受体基因相关的开放染色质特异相互作用的蛋白是核膜血影重复蛋白-1(nuclear envelop spectrin repeatprotein-1,Nesprin-1),又称synaptic nuclear envelope-1(SYNE-1).进一步的调控网络生物信息学分析表明,Nesprin-1可能与MAFA、IRX2、BCL6、CEBPA以及RP58等转录因子形成复合物,并与GABA受体基因GABRA5、GABRA6、GABBR1和GABBR2等共表达.表明GABA受体基因在不同脑区是通过相同的转录调控机制进行表达的,Nesprin-1可能与MAFA、IRX2、BCL6、CEBPA以及RP58等转录因子形成复合物进而调控GABA受体基因表达,该特异的转录因子调控网络有望用于诱导多能干细胞或是前体细胞直接分化为GABA能神经元.     

Unsupervised SAR image segmentation using TMF and belief propagation

To solve the problem that the traditional statistical inference approach for the triplet Markov fields (TMF) model cannot balance segmentation accuracy and computational efficiency, an efficient statistical inference approach for the TMF model using belief propagation is proposed, and then applied to unsupervised synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image segmentation. The algorithm combines the TMF model and the statistical property of the SAR image, and translates the segmentation problem into maximization of the posterior marginal (MPM) estimation. For the two label fields in TMF, the belief propagation algorithm is generalized to the bivariate case to estimate the joint posterior marginal probability of the two label fields through message passing. The two label fields can be simultaneously estimated according to the MPM criterion. Experiments on both simulated and real SAR images demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can efficiently suppress the influence of the speckle, and obtain accurate segmentation results with a reasonable computational cost.     

一种改进的非结构化P2P网络洪泛搜索机制

非结构化P2P网络使用基于洪泛的查询算法来进行资源搜索。然而,这种搜索机制随着网络节点的增多,网络规模的增大,将产生大量的冗余查询消息,会导致网络流量急剧增加,引起网络拥塞。提出了一种基于转发区间的洪泛搜索机制FIFSM(forwarding interval based flooding search mechanism),通过为消息分配不相交的转发区间,使其沿着一棵生成树的结构传播,消除了消息环路,从而避免冗余消息的产生。FIFSM机制采用高效的网络维护策略,能够在动态环境下以较低的开销保证网络的稳定性。实验结果表明,FIFSM机制能够降低洪泛开销,保证资源搜索的高成功率和低延迟,是一种有效的非结构化P2P网络资源搜索机制。     

Characteristics of Left-Right Spiral Hollow Cylindrical Roller

Based on new rolling-sliding compound bearings,the wear between the one-way spiral hollow cylindrical roller and the ribs of the inner and outer ring of rolling-sliding compound bearings is reduced by innovational structural design. A new left-right spiral hollow cylindrical roller is proposed to replace the one-way spiral hollow cylindrical roller. The finite element analysis models of ordinary cylindrical rollers,one-way spiral hollow cylindrical rollers and left-right spiral hollow cylindrical rollers are respectively established by ABAQUS.The axial displacement of their center mass and the stress distribution of left-right spiral hollow cylindrical rollers are compared and analyzed. Theoretical study results show that this new left-right spiral hollow cylindrical roller not only inherits the advantages of one-way spiral hollow cylindrical rollers,but also avoids the axial offset and the serious wear of the one-way spiral hollow cylindrical roller. And the theory research conclusion is verified by the experiment. The left-right spiral hollow cylindrical roller has the advantages to overcome boundary stress concentration like logarithmic convex roller. The rolling-sliding compound bearings equipped with the new rollers can be better to adapt to the impact of vibration load.     

一种基于滑动窗口优化算法的行人检测算法

行人检测是计算机视觉中的关键技术之一,在智能交通领域有大量实际应用,如何在提高行人检测精度的同时提高检测速度一直是研究的热点.首先采用基于高斯混合模型的背景建模方法分离出运动目标,将原始视频序列转换为二值图片,得到大量固定大小的训练样本;然后提取样本图片的HOG特征,通过SVM训练得到分类器;接着用固定大小的滑动窗口检测行人,并提出了一种滑动窗口优化算法来筛选检测结果;进而用前景像素密度估算方法调整检测结果,输出最终统计人数,最后实验表明方法的有效性.     

平直与圆柱叶片的搅拌致热特性试验研究

设计了以平直叶片和圆柱叶片作为搅拌致热叶片的致热器,并搭建了一套风力致热实验系统,测量两种叶片在致热器内1 h的温度升高情况.当转速达到450 r/min时两种叶片在致热器内的温度分别为55.623℃与54.979℃.通过绘制温升曲线分析两种叶片的致热性能,并对两种叶片在致热器内产生的流态进行了分析,认为平直叶片致热流态的效果较为理想.     

电动汽车跨区域充换电计量计费清分结算研究

为确保电动汽车跨区域充换电顺利完成电费结算,研究了跨区域充换电的交易流程,并提出一种成本清分和收入清分的方法,并建立了运营商运营成本模型和客户支付充换电的费用单价模型.在此基础上,设计开发了一套清分结算系统,并对上述两个模型的实用性加以论证,为实施跨区域充换电提供参考.