Converter refractories from Satkinsk dolomitic magnesite

Conclusions Satkinsk dolomitic magnesite fired in a rotary kiln using a cycle employed for Styl'sk dolomite can be used to obtain sintered powder with an apparent density 3.15 g/cm³.Compared with the currently produced tarred dolomite-magnesite refractories, the tar-bonded converter refractories made on the basis of powder produced from dolomitic magnesite are characterized by higher densities, strength, and resistance to hydration.Thus, Satkinsk dolomitic magnesite which is hardly used at the present time is a promising raw material for producing converter refractories.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 8, pp. 15–20, August, 1971.     

Comparison of Detailed Chemical Models of Hydrogen Combustion in Numerical Simulations of Detonation

Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves - Four detailed chemical mechanisms used to describe detonation combustion of hydrogen in oxygen are considered. Ignition delays for various temperatures and...     

Enhancement of bending strength of heat-resistant steel by ion carbonitriding

The heat-resistant steel 20Kh3MVF-Sh is used for toothed gears employed in pumps of turbojet engines. In service, the working surface of the gears is subjected to intensive wear. Using gas-phase carburizing to case-harden such gears has proven to be insufficiently effective. In this work we have investigated the structure, the chemical composition, and the wear resistance of 20Kh3MVF-Sh steel after ion carbonitriding. We have obtained regression equations relating the wear resistance characteristics to the carbon and nitrogen concentration and the hardness of the diffusion layer. We have developed a combination process for ion carbonitriding which increases the wear resistance or steel 20Kh3MVF-Sh.N. É. Bauman State Technical University, Moscow. MAKB TEMP. Translated from Metallovedenie i Termicheskaya Obrabotka Metallov, No. 6, pp. 9–13, June, 1994.     

Investigation of the iodine component composition in helium for the conditions of a HTGCR

Scientific-Research Physical Chemistry Institute. All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Automatic Machinery. Institute of Nuclear Reactors, Russian Scientific Center "Kurchatovskii institut." Translated from Atomnaya énergiya, Vol. 76, No. 2, pp. 148–151, February, 1994.     

BBER-500 reactor as a source of induced activity resulting from decommissioning

Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, MGSU, and Special Design Office "Gidropress". Translated from Atomnaya énergiya, Vol. 77, No. 4, pp. 314–318, October, 1994.     

Application of optimal filtering methods for on-line of queueing network states

We show the solution to the optimal filtering problem for states of Markov jump processes by observations of multivariant point processes. A characteristic feature of observations is that their compensators are random linear functions of the system state, and the composite “state–observations” process does not possess the Markov property. The provided optimal filtering estimate is expressed via the solution of some recurrent system of linear differential equations and algebraic relations. We present examples of using theoretical results to construct typical models of real queueing networks. We establish the connections between our new optimal filtering algorithm and classical results of Kalman–Bucy and Wonham. We propose a solution for the problem of estimating the current state of a UDP connection given the observations of video stream.     

Specific optimal estimation of special Markov jump processes

A solution to the filtering problem of states of special Markov jump processes that is optimal in the mean-square sense at the class of polynomial observation functions is presented. A comparison of the proposed estimates with the known estimates of optimal linear and nonlinear filtering is given.     

Material surface layer damage estimation for cyclic loading conditions using the nanoindenting and nanoscratching techniques

The nanoindenting method is based on the automatic measurement and recording of the force acting on the indenter (10⁻²-5 N) and the depth of indentation (10⁻²-200 μm). The scratch hardness or nanoscratching method is based on the continuous recording of resistance forces to movement of the indenter impressed into the surface. __________ Translated from Problemy Prochnosti, No. 4, pp. 132–139, July–August, 2006.     

Resonant charge transfer in back-scattering of H-atoms from the Cs adsorbates on the Cs/Cu(1 1 1) surface

We use the wave packet propagation approach to study the dynamics of resonant charge transfer in hydrogen back-scattering from Cs adsorbates on Cu(1 1 1). The affinity level of the projectile strongly interacts with an adsorbate-localized state leading to an important modification of the projectile–substrate resonant charge transfer. At very low collision energies (<2.5 eV) the adiabatic evolution of the system leads to the blocking of the negative ion formation in back-scattering of neutral hydrogen atoms from Cs adsorbate. At higher energies non-adiabatic transitions exist, and negative ion formation is possible.     

Ion-induced electron emission – monitoring the structure transitions in graphite

The temperature dependence of ion-induced electron emission yield γ under 30 keV Ar⁺ ion impacts at incidence angles θ = 0−80° under dynamically steady-state conditions has been measured for polygranular graphite POCO-AXF-5Q. The fluencies were 10¹⁸–10¹⁹ ion/cm², the temperatures varied from the room temperature (RT) to 400 °C. The RHEED has shown that same diffraction patterns correspond to a high degree of disorder at RT. At high temperature (HT), some patterns have been found similar to those for the initial graphite surfaces. The dependence γ(T) has been found to be non-monotonic and for normal and near normal ion incidence manifests a step-like increase typical for a radiation induced phase transition. At oblique and grazing incidence (θ > 30°), a broad peak was found at T_p = 100 °C. An analysis based on the theory of kinetic ion-induced electron emission connects the behavior of γ(θ,T) to the dependence of both secondary electron path length λ and primary ion ionizing path length R_e on lattice structure that drastically changes due to damage annealing.