Score statistics for testing serial dependence in count data

In this study, we extend earlier work of Freeland (1998) and Jung and Tremayne (2003) , and develop a general formula for a score statistic to test for dependence in an integer autoregressive process with an arbitrary arrivals distribution. We give two statistics that cater for arrivals processes that may be under‐, equi‐ or overdispersed. The first is based on the Katz family which includes Poisson, binomial and negative binomial distributions as special cases. The second uses the generalized Poisson which includes the Poisson distribution as a special case and can also cater for under‐ and over‐ dispersion. The null distribution of the tests is provided and consistency is discussed. Size and power properties are investigated under different model assumptions by Monte Carlo simulations. The autocorrelation coefficient is also investigated as a benchmark for comparison.     

100 GHz MMIC Power Source Development Study

This paper comprises a tutorial in the development of MMIC based high frequency multiplier chains, suitable for use in high frequency power sources. The development of suitable single function building blocks is discussed. The arrangement of suitable combinations of these building blocks in more complex cascaded chains is also presented. A strategy to aid in the identification of an optimum solution for the nominal requirement is provided. Using this approach, it is shown that a 25 to 100GHz multiplier capable of delivering more than 100mW at 100GHz is feasible using existing GaAs technology. In fact it is shown that there is potential to deliver this power level for an incident level of about 10mW at 25GHz.     

Spatial distribution of lead in human primary teeth as a biomarker of pre- and neonatal lead exposure

Lead remains one of the most hazardous toxins in our environment. Because the toxic effects of lead are most prominent during early development, it is important to develop a suitable biomarker for lead exposure during the pre- and neonatal periods. In the present study, the spatial distribution of lead was measured in the enamel and dentine of ten human primary teeth using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The neonatal line, visualized using confocal laser scanning microscopy, was used to demarcate the pre- and postnatal regions of the sample teeth. Lead levels in pre- and postnatally formed enamel and dentine were compared to blood-lead levels measured at birth and one year of age for four of these participants. Mean dentine-lead levels ranged from 0.17+/-0.02 to 5.60+/-1.79 microg/g, and mean enamel-lead levels ranged from 0.04+/-0.01 to 1.47+/-0.20 microg/g. The results of this preliminary study showed that the spatial distribution of lead in dentine reflected the blood-lead levels. The present study demonstrates a methodology where the spatial distribution of lead in the dentine of human primary teeth may be used to obtain temporal information of environmental lead exposure during the pre- and neonatal periods.     

Let'S Get Planning Out Of Community Care

After the Fire

The recent tragic fire in Melbourne's Kew Cottages has thrown into sharp relief the problems facing the process of deinstitutionalisation in Australia. In April of this year, national attention was focused on the disaster which took the lives of nine intellectually disabled residents of the Kew institution; in the days following the fire many articles and editorials in the major metropolitan newspapers were devoted to the broader policy difficulties – notably, funding and service quality – which have plagued the nation's attempts to improve its care of the socially dependent.     

Effects of Green Tea Extract and α‐Tocopherol on the Lipid Oxidation Rate of Omega‐3 Oils,Incorporated into Table Spreads,Prepared using Multiple Emulsion Technology

Abstract: This study examined the effectiveness of fat and water soluble antioxidants on the oxidative stability of omega (ω)‐3 rich table spreads, produced using novel multiple emulsion technology. Table spreads were produced by dispersing an oil‐in‐water (O/W) emulsion (500 g/kg 85 camelina/15 fish oil blend) in a hardstock/rapeseed oil blend, using sodium caseinate and polyglycerol polyricinoleate as emulsifiers. The O/W and oil‐in‐water‐in‐oil (O/W/O) emulsions contained either a water soluble antioxidant (green tea extract [GTE]), an oil soluble antioxidant (α‐Tocopherol), or both. Spreads containing α‐Tocopherol had the highest lipid hydroperoxide values, whereas spreads containing GTE had the lowest (P < 0.05), during storage at 5 °C, while p‐Anisidine values did not differ significantly. Particle size was generally unaffected by antioxidant type (P < 0.05). Double emulsion (O/W/O) structures were clearly seen in confocal images of the spreads. By the end of storage, none of the spreads had significantly different G′ values. Firmness (Newtons) of all spreads generally increased during storage (P < 0.05). Practical Application: Lipid oxidation is a major problem in omega‐3 rich oils, and can cause off‐odors and off‐flavors. Double emulsion technology was used to produce omega‐3 enriched spreads (O/W/O emulsions), wherein the omega‐3 oil was incorporated into the inner oil phase, to protect it from lipid oxidation. Antioxidants were added to further protect the spreads by reducing lipid oxidation. Spreads produced had good oxidative stability and possessed functional (omega‐3 addition) properties.     

最大程度地延长无线家庭自动化系统中的电池寿命

研究将无线传感器功耗降至最低,从而延长电池寿命的方法.同时考虑那些容易被忽略但对电池寿命和系统性能具有重大影响的参数,以及功率转换、RF性能、通信协议等.介绍了几种良好做法供系统设计人员参考,帮助其深入了解以前可能未曾考虑过的方面.     

BCI Meeting 2005--workshop on signals and recording methods.

This paper describes the highlights of presentations and discussions during the Third International BCI Meeting in a workshop that evaluated potential brain-computer interface (BCI) signals and currently available recording methods. It defined the main potential user populations and their needs, addressed the relative advantages and disadvantages of noninvasive and implanted (i.e., invasive) methodologies, considered ethical issues, and focused on the challenges involved in translating BCI systems from the laboratory to widespread clinical use. The workshop stressed the critical importance of developing useful applications that establish the practical value of BCI technology.     

Preparation of metal-aromatic diamine complexes and their influence on the cure of a commericial epoxy resin

Summary The preparation of metal-aromatic diamine complexes is reported along with their characterisation by infrared spectroscopy. Dynamic viscometry (gel-point determination) was used to assess the reactivity of some of the metal-diamine complexes with a commercial epoxy resin. Significant differences were observed in the viscosity profiles for formulations with different metal contents. These related to the reactivities of the diamines which are themselves a function of metal content.     

Informational basis for children's impressions of others.

Assessed the age at which 22 kindergartners, 22 2nd graders, and 22 5th graders used covariation information to form impressions of others when behavioral frequency was held constant or was varied. In Exp I the frequency of aggressive or helpful behavior was held constant, but behavioral consistency or nondistinctiveness was varied. Ss made single-rating and paired comparison judgments about each actor's future behaviors and personal characteristics. Results reveal that 2nd and 5th graders' comparison judgments were appropriately differentiated according to the available covariation information, whereas kindergartners' judgments were not appropriately differentiated. A 2nd experiment was conducted to determine whether 24 kindergartners' failure to use covariation information was simply the result of task demands. Ss made paired comparison judgments about aggressive behavior. Aggression frequency was either held constant (consistency vs nondistinctiveness) or was varied (relative degrees of consistency or nondistinctiveness). Results show that Ss' impressions of others did not vary according to differences in covariation information, at least when frequency was held constant. Findings undermine a task-demand interpretation of the results of Exp I and indicate that young children do use frequency information. There was no evidence that Ss used covariation information independently of differences in frequency. (28 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)