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181.
Bruno Viscolani 《Pattern recognition》1982,15(5):419-424
A sequential organization of the computations arising from pattern recognizers by absolute comparison is suggested in order to reduce the mean computational time involved. This optimization problem is solved by means of a supervising system which exploits the information obtained from the pattern-vector through a preclassifier: this information has the form of a conditional probability distribution of the classes to which the pattern-vector may belong. The results are extended to pattern recognizers by relative comparison. 相似文献
182.
Lev A Sfez B 《Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision》2003,20(12):2347-2354
We present, to our knowledge for the first time, results of ultrasound-modulated light signals on living tissues. In particular, we analyze, both theoretically and experimentally, the effect of speckle fluctuations on the signal. We find that two different kinds of noise compete--shot noise and speckle noise--and are present at different levels in static phantoms and ex vivo tissue samples on the one hand and in dynamic phantoms and living tissues on the other hand. 相似文献
183.
Marchand B Douek PC Robert P Corot C Roux JP Adeleine P Hernandez-Hoyos M Cremillieux Y Orkisz M Canet E 《Magma (New York, N.Y.)》2002,14(3):259-267
Purpose To investigate the relative role of high resolution (spatial or temporal) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) sequence and
of contrast agent properties in the evaluation of high-degree arterial stenosis.
Methods We qualitatively and quantitatively studied both 50 and 95% (300 μm diameter) stenosis of a 6 mm arterial phantom with two
contrast agents (CA), Gd-DOTA (r1 =2.9 mM−1 s−1) versus P760 (r1 =25 mM−1 s−1) at several CA concentrations, including arterial peak concentration after injection of either a single or double dose of
CA, using either a high temporal (booster) or high spatial (HR) resolution 3D MRA sequences. Experimental data were then compared
to theoretical data.
Results With the 3D HR sequence, both visual and quantitative analysis were significantly better compared to the 3D booster sequence,
at each phantom diameter. Quantitative analysis was significantly improved by injection of a double versus a single dose of
each CA (Gd-DOTA or P760), primarily in high degree stenosis.
Conclusion Combined MRA spatial resolution and high CA efficiency are mandatory to correctly evaluate high degree stenosis. 相似文献
184.
Notch Sensitivity and Defect Sensitivity under Fatigue Loading: Two Sides of the Same Medal 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Notch sensitivity and defect sensitivity are two different aspects of the fatigue behavior of materials. The paper extends the Kitagawa diagram to blunt cracks (U-shaped notches) and presents the simple expression (a*/a0)0.5 = Kt. In such an expression a0 is the El-Haddad's length parameter and a* is a particular blunt crack depth corresponding to the intersection between the Kth and 0/Kt curves. The new expression provides an explicit bridging between the notch sensitivity and the sensitivity to defects. 相似文献
185.
Abbruzzetti S Viappiani C Bruno S Bettati S Bonaccio M Mozzarelli A 《Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology》2001,1(4):407-415
Myoglobin and hemoglobin were encapsulated in wet, nanoporous silica gels. A rigorous evaluation of the effect of the encapsulation on protein dynamics and function was carried out by measuring the kinetics of carbon monoxide rebinding after nanosecond laser flash-photolysis with transient absorption detection, and the oxygen affinity with absorption microspectrophotometry. The time course of carbon monoxide binding to myoglobin evidenced a strongly enhanced geminate recombination and a faster bimolecular rebinding with respect to solution, whereas T and R quaternary states of hemoglobin exhibited a geminate phase and a bimolecular binding rate very similar to those observed in solution. Oxygen affinity of T-state hemoglobin was found to be close to that observed for the binding of the first oxygen to T-state hemoglobin in solution. Results indicate that some conformational transitions are kinetically restricted, allowing to isolate distinct tertiary and quaternary states. This opens the way to their detailed functional characterization and application to biodevices. 相似文献
186.
Christophe Berthon Pierre Charrier Bruno Dubroca 《Journal of scientific computing》2007,31(3):347-389
The M
1 radiative transfer model is considered in the present work in order to simulate the radiative fields and their interactions
with the matter. The model is governed by an hyperbolic system of conservation laws supplemented by relaxation source terms.
Several difficulties arise when approximating the solutions of the model; namely the positiveness of the energy, the flux
limitation and and the limit diffusion behavior have to be satisfied. An HLLC scheme is exhibited and it is shown to satisfy
all the required properties. A particular attention is payed concerning the approximate extreme waves. These approximations
are crucial to obtain an accurate scheme. The extension to the full 2D problem is proposed. It satisfies, once again, all
the expected properties. Numerical experiments are proposed. They show that the considered scheme is actually less diffusive
than the currently used numerical methods.
相似文献
187.
Bruno Bachelet Philippe Mahey Rogério Rodrigues Luiz Fernando Soares 《Multimedia Systems》2007,12(6):461-478
The development of hypermedia/multimedia systems requires the implementation of an element, usually known as formatter, which
is in charge of receiving the specification of a document and controlling its presentation. Adjustments over the duration
of media objects is one of the most important adaptation techniques that hypermedia formatters should implement in order to
maintain document spatio-temporal relationships. Elastic time computation accomplishes this goal by stretching or shrinking
the ideal duration of media objects. This paper presents new elastic time algorithms for adjusting hypermedia document presentations.
The algorithms explore the flexibility offered by some hypermedia models in the definition of media-object durations, choosing
objects to be stretched or shrunk in order to obtain the best possible quality of presentation. Our proposals are based on
the “out-of-kilter” method for minimum-cost flow problems on temporal graphs. An aggregation procedure enhances the basic
algorithm offering more flexibility in modeling real-life situations in comparison with other previous work based on linear
programming. 相似文献
188.
Design of an enhanced access point to optimize TCP performance in Wi-Fi hotspot networks 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In the last years, the number of Wi-Fi hotspots at public venues has undergone a substantial growth, promoting the WLAN technologies
as the ubiquitous solution to provide high-speed wireless connectivity in public areas. However, the adoption of a random
access CSMA-based paradigm for the 802.11 MAC protocol makes difficult to ensure high throughput and a fair allocation of
radio resources in 802.11-based WLANs. In this paper we evaluate extensively via simulations the interaction between the flow
control mechanisms implemented at the TCP layer and the contention avoidance techniques used at the 802.11 MAC layer. We conducted
our study considering initially M wireless stations performing downloads from the Internet. From our results, we observed that the TCP downlink throughput
is not limited by the collision events, but by the inability of the MAC protocol to assign a higher chance of accessing the
channel to the base station. We propose a simple and easy to implement modification of the base station’s behavior with the
purpose of increasing the TCP throughput reducing useless MAC protocol overheads. With our scheme, the base station is allowed
to transmit periodically bursts of data frames towards the mobile hosts. We design a resource allocation protocol aimed at
maximizing the success probability of the uplink transmissions by dynamically adapting the burst length to the collision probability
estimated by the base station. By its design, our scheme is also beneficial to achieve a fairer allocation of the channel
bandwidth among the downlink and uplink flows, and among TCP and UDP flows. Simulation results confirm both the improvement
in the TCP downlink throughput and the reduction of system unfairness. 相似文献
189.
Nathalie Perrier Bruno Agard Pierre Baptiste Jean-Marc Frayret André Langevin Robert Pellerin Diane Riopel Martin Trépanier 《Computers & Operations Research》2013
Emergency response operations in electric distribution systems involve a host of decision-making problems at the reliability and contingency planning levels. Those operations include fault diagnosis, fault location, fault isolation, restoration, and repair. As the first of a two-part survey, this paper reviews optimization models and solution methodologies for reliability planning problems with fault considerations related to electric distribution operations. Contingency planning problems of emergency distribution response are discussed in the second part. The present paper surveys research on determining a distribution substation single-fault capacity, reallocating excess load, configuring distribution systems, partitioning a geographical area into service territories, and locating material stores and depots. 相似文献
190.
Anderson F. B. F. da Costa Bruno A. Pimentel Renata M. C. R. de Souza 《Journal of Intelligent Information Systems》2013,40(1):109-140
Recently, kernel-based clustering in feature space has shown to perform better than conventional clustering methods in unsupervised classification. In this paper, a partitioning clustering method in kernel-induce feature space for symbolic interval-valued data is introduced. The distance between an item and its prototype in feature space is expanded using a two-component mixture kernel to handle intervals. Moreover, tools for the partition and cluster interpretation of interval-valued data in feature space are also presented. To show the effectiveness of the proposed method, experiments with real and synthetic interval data sets were performed and a study comparing the proposed method with different clustering algorithms of the literature is also presented. The clustering quality furnished by the methods is measured by an external cluster validity index (corrected Rand index). These experiments showed the usefulness of the kernel K-means method for interval-valued data and the merit of the partition and cluster interpretation tools. 相似文献