The anodic dissolution of lead in oxygenated and deoxygenated sulphuric acid solutions

Steady-state and impedance measurements were carried out in oxygenated and deoxygenated sulphuric acid solutions to investigate the effects of dissolved oxygen. Impedance measurements in deoxygenated sulphuric acid were used to determine values ofC _o.     

Evaluating the use of tricationic reagents for the detection of doubly charged anions in the positive mode by ESI-MS

The analysis of anions remains an important task for many areas of science, and new sensitive analytical methods continue to be of great interest. In this study, we present the use of 17 tricationic reagents for use as gas-phase ion pairing agents for divalent anions. When the anion pairs with the tricationic reagent, an overall positive charge is retained and enables detection by ESI-MS in the positive mode. The 17 tricationic reagents were made from 1 of 4 core structures and 7 terminal charged groups. The effect of these structural elements on the detection sensitivity of the complex is examined empirically. A comparison of signal-to-noise ratios achieved in positive and negative modes also is presented.     

Making the Unfamiliar Familiar: Research Journeys towards Understanding Migration and Place

Understanding the ways people respond to place in an inter-cultural context is a rich and rewarding process. The knowledge-discovery journey can involve different modes of transport and multiple and various routes. The qualitative vehicle, although soft in its steering and often circular in direction, provides opportunities to explore landscapes that one rarely sees in single-trajectory intellectual travel. Using hermeneutics and phenomenology, with a particular focus on metaphors and tropes, a number of conceptual journeys related to researching the experience of migration are described. The difficult state of being 'between place' and how this becomes manifest in real places is explored. The journeys show that only by travelling circuitously can one arrive at a multi-faceted form of awareness of the experience of migration and place.     

Planar fiber-optic chips for broadband spectroscopic interrogation of thin films

A planar fiber-optic chip (FOC) has been developed using side-polished optical fibers and characterized for broadband absorbance and fluorescence detection of molecular films. FOC technology combines the sensitivity of an attenuated total reflection (ATR) element with the ease of use of fiber-optic-based spectrometers and light sources to create an improved platform for spectroscopic analysis of molecular adsorbates. A multi-mode optical fiber (core diameter = 50 mum, numerical aperture = 0.22, stepped refractive index profile) mounted in a glass V-groove block was side-polished to create a planar platform that allows access to the evanescent field escaping from the fiber core. For this generation of FOC technology, the exposed evanescent field has an interaction length of approximately 17.2 mm. The FOC platform was independently characterized through measurements of thin-film and bulk absorbing samples. The device performance was compared to the existing ATR technology and methods for increasing sensitivity of the FOC were investigated and validated. Additionally, we have demonstrated the ability of the FOC to both evanescently excite and collect fluorescence through guided modes of the optical fiber for a surface-confined luminescent semiconductor nanoparticle film (4 nm diameter, ligand capped, CdSe core). The FOC described here with a supported planar interface can facilitate the use of conventional planar deposition technologies and provide a robust planar platform that is amenable for incorporation into various sensor technologies.     

电路EMC设计与元器件的选取(一)

在开始具体论述EMC设计技术之前,先介绍一下在产品研发项目中,理想的EMC生命周期所涵盖的内容: ·制定新产品需满足的电磁规范,其内容包括: (1)产品需承受的电磁环境,包括连续、高概率与小概率的电磁骚扰. (2)骚扰出现时,产品性能所允许的降级程度.     

Single-cell detection: test of microbial contamination using capillary electrophoresis

Single cells of bacteria and fungi were detected using a capillary electrophoresis-based test for microbial contamination in laboratory samples. This technique utilizes a dilute cationic surfactant buffer to sweep microorganisms out of the sample zone and a small plug of "blocking agent" to negate the cells' mobility and induce aggregation. Analysis times are generally under 10 min. Previously, a nutrient broth media was reported as an effective blocking agent; however, the natural background fluorescence from the nutrient broth limited the detection sensitivity to approximately 50 cells. In order to enhance the sensitivity of the technique down to a single cell, an alternative synthetic blocking agent was sought. Various potential blocking agents were screened including salts, polypeptides, small organic zwitterions, and surfactants. Zwitterionic surfactants are shown to be attractive alternatives to a nutrient broth blocker and mimic the nutrient broth's effects on cellular aggregation and mobility. Specifically, caprylyl sulfobetaine provided the sharpest cell peaks. By substituting caprylyl sulfobetaine in place of the nutrient broth, the fluorescence of the blocker plug was reduced by as much as 40 x. This reduction in background noise enables detection of a single microorganism in a sample and allows this technique to be potentially used as a rapid sterility test. All single cells analyzed using this technique displayed signal-to-noise ratios between 5 and 9.     

DESIGN AS RESEARCH: Creative Works and the Design Studio as Scholarly Practice

The nature of knowledge in design and the creative arts disciplines, where the central focus of scholarship has been the ‘doing of creative works,’ has always occupied an unusual niche within universities. While research activity within these disciplines has traditionally conformed to either positivist research paradigms or the formal scholarship characteristic of the humanities, the process of design itself has generally not been located within a research context.

In Australasian Schools of Architecture, educators have acknowledged the scholarship in their creative works including the scholarship embedded in design studios through an annual peer review process. Other creative arts disciplines such as visual arts, film, dance and drama, have developed a strong research culture associated with theorizing creative works. This paper will discuss the nature of scholarly practice associated with theorised creative works with a particular focus on designs studios.