Untersuchungen zum Schwefeltransport zwischen flüssigem kohlenstoffgesättigtem Eisen und basischen Schlacken während der Verschlackung sauerstoffaffiner Zusatzelemente,insbesondere des Siliziums

Gravimetrische Untersuchungen mit Hilfe einer Thermowaage zum Schwefeltransport zwischen siliziumhaltigen, kohlenstoffgesättigten Eisenschmelzen und CoO-Al₂O₃-Schlacken bei 1490 und 1550°C unter oxydierenden Bedingungen. Vergleich der Ergebnisse mit bereits vorliegenden volumetrischen Untersuchungen. Erörterung der Versuchsergebnisse mit Hilfe der Ionentheorie der Schlacke. Einfluß von Mangan, Silizium, Titan und Kohlenstoff auf den Anteil des Schwefeltransportes bei oxydierenden Bedingungen.     

Effect of stress on blood leucocyte and milk somatic cell counts in dairy cows.

Blood and milk samples from Holstein cows were examined for total blood leucocyte count, differential blood leucocyte count, milk quality test, and somatic cell count in milk while the cows were stressed by corticotropin injection, confinement in a heat-humidity chamber, or environmental-heat stress by exposure during the hot summer months of June through November in southern Arizona. All three stressing conditions resulted in a moderate blood leucocytosis. Modest increases in somatic cell counts of milk were associated with corticotropin injection and environmental-heat stress. Positive correlations were recorded between blood leucocytes and somatic cell counts of milk in mastitis-free cows injected with corticotropin and between percent blood neutrophils and somatic cell counts of milk in environmental-heat stressed cows with no evidence of current mastitis.     

Evaluation of a Feed Preference Agent for Dairy Calves

A feed preference agent, Firanor-24², was added (0, 50, or 100 ppm) to whole milk and starter ration to determine if association of it with milk would enhance starter intake and weaning performance in dairy calves. Thirty 1-day-old Holstein calves (six males, four females per treatment) each received 1.6 kg of milk twice daily to 30 days of age and starter ration from 7 to 40 days of age. There were no differences from treatments in daily feed intake or body weight gains.In a paired comparison preference test for Firanor-24 in milk, two groups of five unnursed newborn calves were preconditioned to 0 or 100 ppm Firanor-24 in colostrum at birth and in milk twice daily for 6 days. In the 5-day test period each calf was offered a choice of milk with 0 or 100 ppm randomized in two adjoining buckets. No differences in milk preference were observed.     

Ein neues Verfahren zum Berechnen des Wärmeüberganges in ebenen und rotationssymmetrischen laminaren Grenzschichten bei konstanter und veränderlicher Wandtemperatur

Zusammenfassung Es wird eine Integralform der Grenzschichtgleichung sowohl für Str?mungs- als auch für Temperaturgrenzschichten verwendet, zu deren L?sung nur Quadraturen vorzunehmen sind. Die Neuheit des Verfahrens besteht in der Wahl der abh?ngingen Ver?nderlichen beim Berechnen des Temperaturfeldes. Behandelt wurden F?lle konstanter und ver?nderlicher Wandtemperatur sowie vorgegebenen W?rmeflussen an der Wand unter der Voraussetzung, da? die Stoffwerte konstant sind und da? von der Reibungsw?rme abgesehen werden kann; jedoch ist es m?glich, diese Vernachl?ssigungen durch eine passende Wahl der Bezugstemperaturen zu berücksichtigen. Beispiele und Vergleiche mit Versuchen werden gegeben. Gekürzte Fassung eines Berichtes aus dem Flugtechnischen Institut der Technischen Hochschule Stockholm: A new method for calculating laminar heat transfer on cylinders of arbitrary cross-section and on bodies of revolution at constant and variable wall temperature. Roy. Inst. Technol. Div. Aero., KTH AERO TN. 33. Stockholm 1953.     

Production engineering for self-organizing complex systems

Today’s models in production engineering are mainly based on quasi-stationary design assumptions. With increasing dynamics, models reflecting the nonlinear characteristics of production are becoming increasingly relevant. Several approaches have been formulated to design self-organizing systems, leading to good results with regards to the efficiency in which dynamics are mastered by local interaction of a system’s entities. While in self-organization a system’s characteristics emerge bottom-up, effectiveness is designed into a system by an analytical, top-down design approach. The paper discusses how a target oriented analytical design approach can be combined with the concept of self-organization and shows its application and impact on practical examples.     

Service provision as a sub-model of modern business models

Today’s turbulent economic environment confronts Germany’s tooling industry with new challenges. To compete with China and with the new eastern members of the European Union, German companies must come up with innovative products and services to stand out from their competitors. New types of business models shall offer individual solutions to the customers, integrating product and accompanying product-services to a product-service-system.     

Knowledge construction in the learner-centered classroom.

In this study, the author describes the nature and occurrence of knowledge-construction links (KCLs) in 3 6th-grade classrooms that varied in degree of learner centeredness. KCLs are operationalized as prior learning that students bring to their current classroom experiences and include school and nonschool experiences. They are hypothesized to facilitate a knowledge-construction process that values prior learning. In the more learner-centered classroom, KCLs occurred in conjunction with open and divergent dialogue, positive reactions to students' use of prior learning, and opportunities within the classroom that allowed students to gain new experiences on which they could draw in further knowledge-construction efforts. In contrast, KCLs were ignored or viewed as inappropriate in the least learner-centered classroom, dialogue about content was convergent, and performance goals were the norm. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Nicotine nasal spray and vapor inhaler: abuse liability assessment

The differences between shame and guilt are explored, with a focus on experiential and developmental factors and on behavioral reactions to these emotions. The role of shame as a motive for suicidal behavior is illustrated with examples of suicidal behavior in Greek tragedy, Asian cultures, and jails, and among contemporary suicides, such as that in 1996 by Admiral Mike Boorda, Chief of U.S. Naval Operations.     

Release-Engineering — An Approach to Control Rising System-Complexity

This paper presents an innovative approach to augment R&D effectiveness and manage increasing system complexity. Release-Engineering is a principle of software engineering which can be transferred to complex automotive systems. Simulations based on features show significant reduction of internal complexity. Without reduction of necessary marketwise diversity, a time wise bundling of component changes exponentially lowers system complexity. The approach represents a major step towards more significant innovation programmes through suitable, dedicated R&D efforts on system variants. Another meaningful implication of Release-Engineering is its impact on innovation frequency by providing significant increases in innovation rates.