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11.
The Use of a Eutectic Mixture of Olive Pomace Oil Fatty Amides to Easily Prepare Sulfated Amides Applied as Lime Soap Dispersants 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Faicel Rais Rochdi Baati Nesrin Damak Amel Kamoun Moncef Chaabouni 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2008,85(9):869-877
Sulfated diethanolamides of fatty acids are known to be effective lime soap dispersing agents. However, their preparation
from fatty acids via fatty amides requires the use of organic solvents due to the high viscosity of both fatty amides and
sulfated fatty amides. This study shows that the preparation of sulfated fatty amides is relatively easy when using olive
pomace oil as the raw material. The latter, is converted into sulfated fatty amides by performing the following steps: saponification,
hydrolysis, esterification, amidation, and sulfation. In the final step, the mixture obtained has sufficient fluidity, due
to its high linoleic acid amide content, to obviate the use of organic solvents, as usually suggested in the literature. Characterization
of the product was carried out by chemical analyses, FTIR, 13C NMR, GC, and HPLC. It was shown that the yield of the amidation reaction is about 80%, and that of the sulfation reaction
can exceed 100% against the pure amide (more than one sulfate group could be linked to one amide molecule). On the other hand,
the Borghetty test showed that the product is an effective dispersant with a lime soap dispersing power equal to five. 相似文献
12.
This study investigates the effect of mercerization on the physico-chemical and mechanical properties of Agave americana L. fiber. The alkali concentration is a crucial parameter which affects the crystallinity and the tenacity of the fiber. Treatments with low alkali concentrations produce fibers that are stronger than the untreated fibers and at this level the crystallinity reaches high values. However, treatments with high concentrations (>2% wt/v) result in weaker fibers with low crystallinity index. The chemical composition of A. americana L. fibers is also altered by the mercerization process insofar as the cellulose content increased with the NaOH concentration while the hemicelluloses and lignin contents decreased. 相似文献
13.
Purification,structural data and biological properties of polysaccharide from Prunus amygdalus gum 下载免费PDF全文
Fatma Bouaziz Mohamed Koubaa Claire Boisset Helbert Fatma Kallel Dorra Driss Imen Kacem Raoudha Ghorbel Semia Ellouz Chaabouni 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2015,50(3):578-584
This work demonstrates the efficiency of almond gum polysaccharides (AGPs) as bioactive compounds. AGPs were first extracted using H2O2, in the presence of NaOH, at different times and temperatures. The optimal extraction conditions were 4% H2O2 and 2 N NaOH, for 7 h at 50 °C, leading to an extraction yield of 58.2% (w/w). After a purification step, the retained AGPs were characterised using high‐performance liquid chromatography showing a molecular weight of 99.3 kDa. The monosaccharide composition of AGPs were assessed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. AGPs were found to be a complex heteropolysaccharide with a repeating unit mainly composed of galactose, arabinose, xylose, mannose, rhamnose, and glucuronic acid with the respective ratios: 45:26:7:10:1:11. The acidic nature of the polysaccharide is due to the presence of glucuronic acid. Total antioxidant activity, free radical‐scavenging activity and reducing power assay of AGPs were investigated. The obtained results showed high antioxidant activities of AGPs. Furthermore, beyond 60 mg mL?1, AGPs exhibited bacterial growth inhibition for five pathogenic strains: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus feacalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhimurium. 相似文献
14.
Semia Baklouti Amel Kamoun Raoudha Ellouze‐Ghorbel Semia Chaabouni 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2013,48(7):1519-1525
The resistance‐in‐series model was used to analyse flux behaviour, which involved the resistances of membrane itself, the fouling and solute concentration polarisation. Response surface methodology was used to establish the relationships between operating parameters and ultrafiltration (UF) efficiency and thus to determine optimal conditions. Experiments were performed according to Box–Behnken design by changing the levels of three parameters, namely transmembrane pressure, feed flow rate and temperature. The fitted mathematical models allowed us to plot isoresponse curves. It was shown that the resistance due to solute concentration polarisation (Rcp) dominated the flux decline (40–74%). The fouling resistance (Rf) varied from 12 to 46%. To optimise simultaneously the three responses studied (Rf, Rcp and permeate limit flux), we applied the desirability function approach which allowed us to determine the best acceptable compromise. The selected UF conditions of the compromise were as follows: three bars, 0.95 L min?1 and 30 °C. Optimal values of Rf, Rcp and permeate limit flux were equal to 18%, 72% and 19 L h?1 m?2, respectively. 相似文献
15.
B. Khalfallah F. Chaabouni G. Schmerber A. Dinia M. Abaab 《Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics》2017,28(1):75-85
We report on the physico-chemical properties of Undoped and Ga-doped ZnO films fabricated on glass and p-Silicon wafers at room temperature by RF magnetron sputtering using a ZnO and Ga2O3 mixture raw powder target without sintering procedure. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electronic microscopy, Raman scattering, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL), Hall effect and impedance spectroscopy technique have been applied for the comparative study of ZnO and ZnO:Ga thin films. XRD and Raman studies have shown that the deposited films have a preferred orientation growth with Ga atoms both in substitutional and interstitial positions. EDS analyses have allowed to show that the metallic Ga atoms have been incorporated in the ZnO films. Doping by gallium resulted in a slight increase in the optical band gap energy of the films while the optical transmittance remains about 80 %. The PL analysis at room temperature revealed violet, blue, green and red emissions. Room temperature Hall measurements show that the lowest resistivity was 3.40 × 10?4 Ω cm with an electron mobility of 18.56 cm2/V.s for an optimum Ga concentration of 4 wt%. Impedance spectroscopy study showed that σac obeys the relation \(\sigma_{ac} = A\omega^{s}\). The exponent ‘‘s’’ was found to decrease with increasing the temperature. It is found that, the AC conductivity of all samples follow the correlated barrier hopping model. The Nyquist plots showed a single semicircle, indicating an equivalent circuit with a single parallel resistor R and capacitance C network. The values of the activation energy E a deduced from both DC conductivity and relaxation frequency for all the studied samples ranged from 0.51 to 0.73 eV and the results are explained on the basis of the induced defects due to the addition of Ga into the ZnO films. 相似文献
16.
Hayet Ben Haj Koubaier Ahmed Snoussi Ismahen Essaidi Mohamed Moncef Chaabouni Phillipe Thonart 《International Journal of Food Properties》2013,16(9):1934-1945
In the present study, betalains content, phenolic composition, and antioxidant activity of different parts of red beet (Beta vulgaris L. conditiva) (i.e., roots and stems) were compared. Crude extract of root showed the highest betalain content with a maximum of 53 ± 4 mg betanin eq and 46 ± 3 mg vulgaxantin I eq g?1 of extract stems showed higher total phenolic concentration than roots, ranging between 2.0 ± 0.4 and 14.6 ± 0.5 mg gallic acid eq?1 of extract. Chemical composition was analyzed using LC-MS. Betalains (vulgaxanthin I, betanin, and isobetanin) and phenolics (gallic acid, ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, vanillic acid, syringic acid, ellagic acid myricetin, quercetin, rutin, kampferol) were identified in roots and stems. Betalain extract obtained from roots showed higher antioxidant activity than extract obtained from stems. 相似文献
17.
18.
Hélène Barberousse Amel Kamoun Moncef Chaabouni Jean‐Michel Giet Olivier Roiseux Michel Paquot Claude Deroanne Christophe Blecker 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2009,89(10):1634-1641
BACKGROUND: The agro‐industries generate thousands of tons of by‐products, such as bran or pulps, each year. They are, at best, used for cattle feeding. Through biocracking, this biomass may constitute a renewable source for various molecules of interest for the industry. For instance, ferulic acid, a compound showing antioxidant ability, is found in abundance in cereal bran. Its release depends mainly on the breaking of its ester linkage to other constitutive elements of the cell wall, such as arabinoxylans. Response surface methodology was used to evaluate the effects of ferulic acid esterase (FAE) and xylanase activities, as well as incubation time and temperature, on ferulic acid extraction yield from wheat bran. Under optimized conditions, the composition of the hydrolysate and of residual bran were compared to native bran. RESULTS: Experiments carried out under the predicted optimal conditions (FAE amount, 27 U g?1; xylanase amount, 304 U g?1; incubation time, 2 h; and temperature, 65 °C) led to an extraction yield of 52.8%, agreeing with the expected value (51.0%). The crude ferulic acid fraction was purified with Amberlite XAD16, leading to a final concentration of 125 µg mL?1 of ferulic acid in ethanol. The antioxidant capacity of this purified fraction was evaluated by the DPPH· scavenging method: it exhibited better efficiency (EC50 = 10.6 µmol L?1 in ferulic acid) than the ferulic acid standard (EC50 = 13.7 µmol L?1). CONCLUSION: These results confirm the potential of wheat bran valorization in the field of natural antioxidant extraction, possibly viable in an industrial scheme. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
19.
L.L. Chapelon H. Chaabouni P. Brun K. Hamioud A. Farcy 《Microelectronic Engineering》2008,85(10):2098-2101
Deposited on a porous a-SiOC:H intermetal dielectric (IMD), a dense a-SiOC:H cap was successfully integrated in a C45 dual damascene architecture. The paper demonstrates that, stopping the CMP with around 10 nm of the cap left, the IMD integrity is preserved. As a consequence, a 3.5% decrease in RC delay, a 7.3% decrease in IMD integrated k-value and an increase of the time to failure by a 100 factor are reached relative to direct CMP. The cap also allowed to achieve straight lines and to improve the lines height uniformity as if CMP stopped on the IMD. 相似文献