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71.
Chandra S. Putcha S. V. Narasimham N. Nagaraju 《Civil Engineering and Environmental Systems》2013,30(1):20-29
This paper predicts the probability of failure or short and long columns of square reinforced concrete for deterministic and probabilistic loads. The effect of various parameters; width, length of column, effective length coefficient, percentage of steel, axial load, grade of concrete and random numbers; on the probability of failure of the column is studied. The material, geometric parameters and the load are treated as probabilistic. The results for short columns show that the rate of decrease of probability of failure is a maximum with increase in width, while it increased to a maximum with increase in loads, whereas for long columns the length of column had the predominant effect. 相似文献
72.
Mamta Latwal Prakash Chandra Shah Raj Ali 《Journal of Applied Electrochemistry》2014,44(10):1127-1134
Nanostructured copper hexacyanidoferrate has been synthesized and characterized using elemental analysis, atomic absorption spectroscopy, thermal and infrared spectral studies. The transmission electron microscopic studies of the synthesized material showed that it consisted of irregular oval and rod shaped particles with a size range 70–100 nm. Nanostructured copper hexacyanidoferrate modified glassy carbon electrode was characterized by cyclic voltammetery and nanostructured copper hexacyanidoferrate–carbon nanotube composite material modified glassy carbon electrode has been used for electrocatalytic oxidation of salbutamol. The electrode modified with composite material was found to reduce the peak potential of oxidation of salbutamol by nearly 90 mV. 相似文献
73.
Sequential mixing as effective method in the reduction of percolation threshold of multiwall carbon nanotube in poly(methyl methacrylate)/high‐density poly(ethylene)/MWCNT nanocomposites 下载免费PDF全文
This work demonstrates sequential heating protocol to be an effective method in the reduction of percolation threshold of multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) in (70/30 w/w) poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/high‐density poly(ethylene) (HDPE)/MWCNT nanocomposites. Here, the percolation threshold (Pc) value was reduced to 0.08 wt % of MWCNT, which is the lowest among the ever reported values of Pc for the PMMA system. Moreover, a co‐continuous morphology of the minor HDPE phase was evident throughout the major PMMA phase in a highly asymmetric composition (70/30 w/w) of the blend constituents. The AC conductivity as well as the dielectric permittivity values were increased with increase in loading of MWCNT in the nanocomposites. The detailed analysis of electrical and morphological properties is discussed in depth in the article. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40235. 相似文献
74.
Sandeep Panda Pradeep Chandra Rout Chinmaya Kumar Sarangi Srabani Mishra Nilotpala Pradhan Umaballav Mohapatra Tondepu Subbaiah Lala Behari Sukla Barada Kanta Mishra 《Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering》2014,31(3):452-460
Bioleaching studies for chalcopyrite contained ball mill spillages are very scarce in the literature. We developed a process flow sheet for the recovery of copper metal from surface activated (600 °C, 15 min) ball mill spillage through bio-hydrometallurgical processing route. Bioleaching of the activated sample using a mixed meso-acidophilic bacterial consortium predominantly A. ferrooxidans strains was found to be effective at a lixiviant flow rate of 1.5 L/h, enabling a maximum 72.36% copper recovery in 20 days. Mineralogical as well as morphological changes over the sample surface were seen to trigger the bioleaching efficiency of meso-acidophiles, thereby contributing towards an enhanced copper recovery from the ball mill spillage. The bio-leach liquor containing 1.84 g/L Cu was purified through solvent extraction using LIX 84I in kerosene prior to the recovery of copper metal by electrowinning. Purity of the copper produced through this process was 99.99%. 相似文献
75.
Ansuman Barman Nilesh Kumar Shrivastava Bhanu Bhusan Khatua Bidhan Chandra Ray 《Polymer Composites》2015,36(12):2157-2166
Here we report the preparation and characterization of a green composite based on high‐density polyethylene and Kaans grass (Saccharum spontaneum). The composites were prepared by conventional melt‐mixing method, using maximum loading of Kaans grass in powder form (KG‐filler) to achieve acceptable range of required properties. Maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene was used as compatibilizer to achieve effective interaction for improved surface adhesion which was confirmed by FT‐IR spectroscopy. Morphological studies revealed good interaction between the base polymer matrices and the KG‐fillers that improved the mechanical and thermal properties of the composites up to certain (10 phr) KG‐filler loading. Study on water absorption property revealed moderate increase in weight at higher KG‐filler loadings. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and melt flow index (MFI) studies indicated retention of thermal stability and flow property of the HDPE/KG‐filler composite at lower filler loadings. POLYM. COMPOS., 36:2157–2166, 2015. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers 相似文献
76.
In this article, we introduce an eco‐friendly approach to achieve electrical conductivity at sufficiently lower loading of MWCNT in the PS/LDPE/MWCNT nanocomposites through judicious control of temperature during melt blending. The percolation threshold was achieved at 0.21 wt% of MWCNT following this method, which is lower, compared to the result obtained from direct mixing as well as the previously reported data. The morphological analysis revealed a co‐continuous structure of the (70/30, PS/LDPE)/MWCNT nanocomposites in such a high asymmetric composition of blend constituents, which facilitates in the lowering of percolation threshold through selective dispersion of MWCNT in the minor LDPE phase. The electron conduction in the nanocomposites has well been explained in terms of tunneling mechanism, supporting thin coating of polymer over individual CNTs. The morphological, electric and dielectric properties have been well explained in this article. POLYM. COMPOS., 36:1574–1583, 2015. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers 相似文献
77.
A mild chitosan/calcium alginate microencapsulation process, as applied to encapsulation of biological macromolecules such as albumin and insulin, was investigated. The microcapsules were derived by adding dropwise a protein-containing sodium alginate mixture into a chitosan–CaCl2 system. The beads containing a high concentration of entrapped bovine serum albumin (BSA) as more than 70% of the initial concentration were achieved via varying chitosan coat. It was observed that approximately 70% of the content is being released into Tris-HCl buffer, pH 7.4 within 24 h and no significant release of BSA was observed during treatment with 0.1M HCl pH 1.2 for 4 h. But the acid-treated beads had released almost all the entrapped protein into Tris-HCl pH 7.4 media within 24 h. Instead of BSA, the insulin preload was found to be very low in the chitosan/calcium alginate system; the release characteristics were similar to that of BSA. From scanning electron microscopic studies, it appears that the chitosan modifies the alginate microspheres and subsequently the protein loading. The results indicate the possibility of modifying the formulation in order to obtain the desired controlled release of bioactive peptides (insulin), for a convenient gastrointestinal tract delivery system. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
78.
Thiuram disulfides form synergistic combinations with thiazole and thiazole-based accelerators, namely, N-cyclohexy-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide (CBS), 2-mercaptobenzothiazole(MBT), and 2-mercaptobenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS). Unfortunately, widely used thiuram disulfides (TD) generate carcinogenic N-nitrosoamine. It is reported that the nitrosamines from N-methylpiperazine and dibenzylamine are free from this menace. So, some investigations were carried out with the binary combinations of each of bis(N-methylpiperazino)thiuram disulfide (MPTD), tetrabenzylthiuram disulnde (TBzTD), and tetramethyl-thiuram disulfide (TMTD) separately with CBS, MBT, and MBTS. It was observed that all the TD are activated by the CBS, MBT, or MBTS in the combinations studied. The intensity of activation is manifested in the enhancement of torque, modulus, tensile strength, cure rate, hardness, and decrease of elongation at break values and is very much dependent upon the ratio of the accelerators used. Considering the torque, modulus, tensile strength, and the elongation at break values, it apears that MPTD and TBzTD are capable of competing with the hitherto unbeaten TMTD as suitable accelerators for the vulcanization of rubber. Some investigations in respect to heat- and age-resistance behavior have also been carried out and the observed differences in the activities of various binary combinations have been explained through a mechanism. The results obtained with filled vulcanizates indicate that the binary systems comprising TD and MBTS provide fruitful results of which the TBzTD–MBTS combination seems to give the best cure and physical data for practical vulcanizates. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
79.
An analysis of the cure kinetics of several formulations composed of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBPA) and aromatic diamines, methylenedianiline (MDA) and diaminodiphenyl sulfone (DDS), in the absence and presence of 4,4′-bismaleimidodiphenylmethane (BM) was performed. The dynamic differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermograms were analyzed with the help of ASTM kinetic software to determine the kinetic parameters of the curing reactions, including the activation energy, preexponential factor, rate constant, and 60 min ½ life temperature. The effects of substitution of one curing agent for another, their concentration, and the absence and presence of BM resin and its concentration on curing behavior, ethalpy, and kinetic parameters are discussed. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
80.
Goli Nagaraju SChandra Sekhar Bhimanaboina Ramulu SkKhaja Hussain DNarsimulu Jae Su Yu 《纳微快报(英文)》2021,(1):319-336
Designing rationally combined metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)with multifunctional nanogeometries is of significant research interest to enable the electrochemical properties in advanced energy storage devices.Herein,we explored a new class of binderfree dual-layered Ni-Co-Mn-based MOFs(NCM-based MOFs)with three-dimensional(3D)-on-2D nanoarchitectures through a polarityinduced solution-phase method for high-performance supercapatteries.The hierarchical NCM-based MOFs having grown on nickel foam exhibit a battery-type charge storage mechanism with superior areal capacity(1311.4μAh cm^−2 at 5 mA cm^−2),good rate capability(61.8%;811.67μAh cm^−2 at 50 mA cm^−2),and an excellent cycling durability.The superior charge storage properties are ascribed to the synergistic features,higher accessible active sites of dual-layered nanogeometries,and exalted redox chemistry of multi metallic guest species,respectively.The bilayered NCM-based MOFs are further employed as a battery-type electrode for the fabrication of supercapattery paradigm with biomass-derived nitrogen/oxygen doped porous carbon as a negative electrode,which demonstrates excellent capacity of 1.6 mAh cm^−2 along with high energy and power densities of 1.21 mWh cm^−2 and 32.49 mW cm^−2,respectively.Following,the MOF-based supercapattery was further assembled with a renewable solar power harvester to use as a self-charging station for various portable electronic applications. 相似文献