K_2O－CaO－Al_2O_3－SiO_2系统自释釉瓷化学组成的研究

本文从酸度系数着手，证实了Ｋ２Ｏ－ＣａＯ－Ａｌ４Ｏ久－ＳｉＯ２系统中存在自释釉组成，限定了其组成范围，０．６７％＜Ｋ２Ｏ＜１．２８％，１０．６４％＜ＣａＯ＜１３．６２％，１１．５３％＜Ａｌ４Ｏ３＜１５．３２％，７２．７３％＜ＳｉＯ２＜７４．０４％，并讨论了自释釉瓷的性能。     

Kinetics for benzoylation of sodium 4-acetylphenoxide via third-liquid phase in the phase-transfer catalysis

In this research, the kinetics for synthesizing 4-acetylphenyl benzoate (R^*COOR) from benzoylation of sodium 4-acetylphenoxide via third-liquid phase-transfer catalysis was investigated. The reaction rate was observed to be strongly dependent on agitation speeds in the third-phase catalytic reaction. By forming the third-liquid phase, the observed reaction can be greatly enhanced to give a product yield of 100% in a duration of 3 min at 20 °C and 200 rpm. If a third-liquid phase was not formed in the liquid–liquid system, the reaction rate is very slow and the product yield is only 2% in 3 min at 20 °C. The reaction conducted in third-liquid phase-transfer catalytic system is faster than that in LLPTC system by 25–28 times. The amount of catalytic intermediate (QOR) in the third-liquid phase was about 50% of the catalyst initially added and kept about 30% of it remained after 1 min, and only small amounts of a catalytic intermediate residing in the organic phase were observed during the reaction using methyl t-butyl ether as the solvent. The concentration of catalytic intermediate slightly decreased with increasing reaction time, while the molar ratio of QOR to benzyl tri-n-butylammonium cation in the third-liquid phase remained almost constant after 1 min and increased with increasing agitation speeds. The experimental results were well described by the pseudo-first-order kinetics. The present work shows an effective method to synthesize 4-acetylphenyl benzoate.     

Soap‐free emulsion copolymerization of perfluoroalkyl acrylates in the presence of a reactive surfactant

Soap‐free emulsion copolymerization of perfluoroalkyl acrylate (FA)/methyl methacrylate (MMA)/n‐butyl acrylate (n‐BA) was carried out in the presence of sodium 2‐acrylamide‐2‐methyl propanesulfonate (AMPSNa) as a reactive surfactant and potassium persulfate (KPS) as an initiator. An analysis of the effects of concentration of AMPSNa, KPS, FA as well as polymerization temperature on the kinetic features (rate of polymerization) and colloidal characteristics (mean particle diameter, particle disperse index, particle numbers, and surface charge density) was followed. NMR, FTIR, AFM, and fluorine‐selective electrode analysis were used to characterize the composition and morphology of the FA copolymers. Both AFM analysis and contact angle measurements strongly implied that the fluorinated segments migrated to the outmost surface and created films with lower surface energy. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 2438–2444, 2007     

Raman spectroscopic study of conformational changes in the amorphous phase of poly(lactic acid) during deformation

The conformational distribution change of amorphous poly(lactic acid) (PLA) induced by deformation has been studied using Raman spectroscopy. Spectroscopic features associated with the rotational isomeric states (ttt, ttg′, tg′t, tg′g′) have been established experimentally and supported by normal coordinate analysis. Deformation induced a significant increase in the most favorable tg′t conformation. Based on the relative intensities of Raman-active skeletal modes, a quantitative method has been developed that can be used to elucidate structural changes in a variety of deformed polymer samples. For biaxially oriented PLA films, the overall tg′t conformation increased from the 76% in undeformed sample to a value as high as 92%. The change in conformational distribution in the amorphous phase follows a different trend (76-88%) as compared to the increase in sample crystallinity (0-43%). A large change in amorphous chain conformation occurred at relatively low draw ratios. In contrast, the large change in the degree of crystallinity occurred at higher draw ratios.     

农作物秸秆增强氟石膏复合材料的微观结构研究

将玉米秸秆加入改性后的氟石膏中，研究改性剂、玉米秸秆对氟石膏复合材料结构性能的影响；并用苯丙乳液对玉米秸秆纤维进行表面处理，用以改善基体材料和增强材料的界面结合状况，由此显著提高制品性能。     

Formation of Polymeric Lewis Acid–Lewis Base Complexes with Well-defined Organoboron Polymers

The binding of Lewis bases to organoboron polymeric Lewis acids has been studied and the parameters that determine the complexation equilibrium have been investigated, which include (i) the strength of the individual Lewis acids and Lewis bases, (ii) concentration, and (iii) temperature. While the strongly Lewis acidic borane polymers poly(4-bis(pentafluorophenyl)borylstyrene) (PS-BPf) and poly(4-(di-2-thienylboryl)styrene) (PS-BTh) form isolable complexes with strong Lewis bases such as 4-t-butylpyridine (^tPy), a temperature dependent equilibrium is established with weaker bases such as THF. Similarly, the weakly Lewis acidic boronate polymer poly(4-diethoxyborylstyrene) (PS-BOEt) undergoes a temperature dependent equilibrium with the strong Lewis base 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), while poly(4-pinacolatoborylstyrene) (PS-BPin) does not significantly bind to pyridine bases. Decomplexation of PS-BTh· ^t Py is achieved by treatment with the stronger Lewis acid, B(C₆F₅)₃, thereby confirming the reversible nature of the polymeric Lewis acid–base adducts. This paper is dedicated to Professor Ian Manners in gratitude of his guidance throughout the years and recognition of his scientific accomplishments     

An alignment-free fingerprint bio-cryptosystem based on modified Voronoi neighbor structures

Bio-cryptography is an emerging security technology which combines cryptography with biometrics. A good bio-cryptosystem is required to protect the privacy of the relevant biometric data as well as achieving high recognition accuracy. Fingerprints have been widely used in bio-cryptosystem design. However, fingerprint uncertainty caused by distortion and rotation during the image capturing process makes it difficult to achieve a high recognition rate in most bio-cryptographic systems. Moreover, most existing bio-cryptosystems rely on the accurate detection of singular points for fingerprint image pre-alignment, which is very hard to achieve, and the image rotation transformation during the alignment process can cause significant singular point deviation and minutiae changes. In this paper, by taking full advantage of local Voronoi neighbor structures (VNSs), e.g. local structural stability and distortion insensitivity, we propose an alignment-free bio-cryptosystem based on fixed-length bit-string representations extracted from modified VNSs, which are rotation- and translation-invariant and distortion robust. The proposed alignment-free bio-cryptosystem is able to provide strong security while achieving good recognition performance. Experimental results in comparison with most existing alignment-free bio-cryptosystems using the publicly-available databases show the validity of the proposed scheme.     

露天开采下盘无台阶采矿法

新桥硫矿首次在国内推行露天开采下盘无台阶采矿新工艺,该工艺具有剥岩少、基建快、出矿早、采矿工程延深快等特点。由于该工艺具有独特的靠帮方式和端部过渡方式,需严格控制底盘因爆破而导致的岩体滑动。该工艺的实施已取得了显著的经济效益。     

AgBiVMo oxide catalytic membrane for selective oxidation of propane to acrolein

A metal ions (Ag, Bi, V, Mo) modified sol–gel method was used to prepare a mesoporous Ag_0.01Bi_0.85V_0.54Mo_0.45O₄ catalytic membrane which was used in the selective oxidation of propane to acrolein. By optimizing the preparation parameters, a thin and perfect catalytically active membrane was successfully prepared. SEM results showed that the membrane thickness is 5 μm. XRD results revealed that Ag_0.01Bi_0.85V_0.54Mo_0.45O₄ with a Scheelite structure, which is catalytically active for the selective oxidation of propane to acrolein, was formed in the catalytic membrane only when AgBiVMoO concentrations were higher than 40%. Catalytic reaction results demonstrated that the selective oxidation of propane could be controlled to a certain degree, such as to acrolein, in the catalytic membrane reactor (CMR) compared to the fixed bed reactor (FBR). For example, a selectivity of 54.85% for acrolein in the liquid phase was obtained in the CMR, while only 8.31% was achieved in the FBR.