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211.
212.
以灌溉、防洪为主的峡口水库大坝,为沥青混凝土面板堆石坝,为研究低温抗裂性能,对沥青混凝土面板破损取样,进行了配比和多种力学性能试验,并与原面板设计指标进行了对比。由于面板经受住了-20℃以下的低温考验,其所用沥青指标、破损取样试验结果,特别是冻断低温指标,对确定水工沥青混凝土低温抗裂检验标准有重要参考价值。 相似文献
213.
In this paper, the influence of viewing distance on subjective assessment of the impairment in video sequences is investigated. Subjective tests using the double-stimulus impairment scale variant II (DSIS II) method have been conducted at viewing distances of 5H (where H stands for the screen height) and 3H, respectively. Several statistical measures have been used to analyze the influence, including correlations and ANOVA (analysis of variance) tests. The results reveal that there is a very high correlation between the subjective scores, the variances are similar under the two viewing distances, the means of subjective data at these two viewing distances are the same, and there is no interaction between the viewing distance and the other two factors, i.e., the codec system and the source sequence. Throughout the tests, there is no evidence that a closer viewing distance such as 3H will vary the subjective test result statistically significantly. 相似文献
214.
215.
针对武钢热轧厂层流冷却系统能耗高,水压不稳,系统反应慢,供水泵工作效率低等缺陷,进行系统改造。提高了系统的控制精度和产品质量,节能降耗取得了明显的效果。 相似文献
216.
Chao-Hong Wang Sinn-Wen Chen Chia-Hua Chang Jen-Chin Wu 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A》2003,34(2):199-209
A series of Al-Cu-Ni alloys of various compositions were made and annealed at 800 °C. The equilibrium phases were studied
by metallography, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, and electron probe microanalysis. The isothermal section of the ternary
Al-Cu-Ni system at 800 °C was then determined based on these experimental results and the available phase relationship knowledge
of the three constituent binary systems. No ternary compound was found. All three phases, AlNi3, AlNi, and Al3Ni2, have very high ternary solubility, especially the AlNi phase, which almost reaches the binary Al-Cu side. However, no continuous
solid solution was formed between the AlNi phase and any of the binary Al-Cu phases. Interfacial reactions of Al/Ni, Al/Cu,
Al-Cu/Ni, and Al-Ni/Cu at 800 °C were investigated by using reaction couple techniques. The results showed that Al3Ni and Al3Ni2 phases were formed in the Al/Ni couples; β-AlCu4, γ
1-Al4Cu9, and ɛ
2-Al2Cu3 phases were formed in the Al/Cu couples. As for the results in the Al-2 at. pct Ni/Cu, Al-5 at. pct Ni/Cu, and Al-2 at. pct
Cu/Ni, Al-4.5 at. pct Cu/Ni, and Al-6 at. pct Cu/Ni were similar to those in the binary Al/Cu and Al/Ni couples, respectively.
A different reaction path was found in the Al-7.5 at. pct Cu/Ni couples, and an AlNi solid solution layer was formed instead
of the Al3Ni and Al3Ni2 phases. 相似文献
217.
H.‐C. Su F.‐C. Fang T.‐Y. Hwu H.‐H. Hsieh H.‐F. Chen G.‐H. Lee S.‐M. Peng K.‐T. Wong C.‐C. Wu 《Advanced functional materials》2007,17(6):1019-1027
Highly efficient orange and green emission from single‐layered solid‐state light‐emitting electrochemical cells based on cationic transition‐metal complexes [Ir(ppy)2sb]PF6 and [Ir(dFppy)2sb]PF6 (where ppy is 2‐phenylpyridine, dFppy is 2‐(2,4‐difluorophenyl)pyridine, and sb is 4,5‐diaza‐9,9′‐spirobifluorene) is reported. Photoluminescence measurements show highly retained quantum yields for [Ir(ppy)2sb]PF6 and [Ir(dFppy)2 sb]PF6 in neat films (compared with quantum yields of these complexes dispersed in m‐bis(N‐carbazolyl)benzene films). The spiroconfigured sb ligands effectively enhance the steric hindrance of the complexes and reduce the self‐quenching effect. The devices that use single‐layered neat films of [Ir(ppy)2sb]PF6 and [Ir(dFppy)2sb]PF6 achieve high peak external quantum efficiencies and power efficiencies of 7.1 % and 22.6 lm W–1) at 2.5 V, and 7.1 % and 26.2 lm W–1 at 2.8 V, respectively. These efficiencies are among the highest reported for solid‐state light‐emitting electrochemical cells, and indicate that cationic transition‐metal complexes containing ligands with good steric hindrance are excellent candidates for highly efficient solid‐state electrochemical cells. 相似文献
218.
A three-phase model for mixed columnar-equiaxed solidification 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A three-phase model for mixed columnar-equiaxed solidification is presented in this article. The three phases are the parent
melt as the primary phase, as well as the solidifying columnar dendrites and globular equiaxed grains as two different secondary
phases. With an Eulerian approach, the three phases are considered as spatially coupled and interpenetrating continua. The
conservation equations of mass, momentum, species, and enthalpy are solved for all three phases. An additional conservation
equation for the number density of the equiaxed grains is defined and solved. Nucleation of the equiaxed grains, diffusion-controlled
growth of both columnar and equiaxed phases, interphase exchanges, and interactions such as mass transfer during solidification,
drag force, solute partitioning at the liquid/solid interface, and release of latent heat are taken into account. Binary steel
ingots (Fe-0.34 wt pct C) with two-dimensional (2-D) axis symmetrical and three-dimensional (3-D) geometries as a benchmark
were simulated. It is demonstrated that the model can be used to simulate the mixed columnar-equiaxed solidification, including
melt convection and grain sedimentation, macrosegregation, columnar-to-equiaxed-transition (CET), and macrostructure distribution.
The model was evaluated by comparing it to classical analytical models based on limited one-dimensional (1-D) cases. Satisfactory
results were obtained. It is also shown that in order to apply this model for industrial castings, further improvements are
still necessary concerning some details. 相似文献
219.
Nitrification is a key step for reliable biological nitrogen removal. In order to enhance nitrification in the activated sludge (AS) process, membrane-attached biofilm (MAB) was incorporated in a conventional activated sludge tank. Simultaneous organic carbon removal and nitrification of the MAB incorporated activated sludge (AS + MAB) process was investigated with continuous wastewater treatment. The effluent TOC concentration of AS and the AS + MAB processes were about 6.3 mg/L and 7.9 mg/L, respectively. The TOC removal efficiency of both AS and AS + MAB were above 95% during the wastewater treatment, indicating excellent organic carbon removal performance in both processes. Little nitrification occurred in the AS process. On the contrary, successful nitrification was obtained with the AS + MAB process with nitrification efficiency of about 90%. The volumetric and surface nitrification rates were about 0.14 g/Ld and 6.5 g/m2d, respectively. The results clearly demonstrated that nitrification in the conventional AS process was boosted by MAB. Furthermore, the microfaunal population in the AS + MAB process was different from that in the AS process. The high concentration of rotifers in the AS + MAB process was expected to decrease the generation of excess sludge in the process. 相似文献
220.
We consider the switchbox routing problem of two-terminal nets in the case when all thek nets lie on two adjacent sides of the rectangle. Our routing model is the standard two-layer model. We develop an optimal algorithm that routes all the nets whenever a routing exists. The routing obtained uses the fewest possible number of vias. A more general version of this problem (adjacent staircase) is also optimally solved.This research was supported in part by NSA Contract No. MDA-904-85H-0015, NSF Grant No. DCR-86-00378, and by NSF Engineering Research Centers Program NSFD CDR 88003012. 相似文献