Image contrast enhancement using histogram equalization with maximum intensity coverage

The histogram equalization process is a simple yet efficient image contrast enhancement technique that generally produces satisfactory results. However, due to its design limitations, output images often experience a loss of fine details or contain unwanted viewing artefacts. One reason for such imperfection is a failure of some techniques to fully utilize the allowable intensity range in conveying the information captured from a scene. The proposed colour image enhancement technique introduced in this work aims at maximizing the information content within an image, whilst minimizing the presence of viewing artefacts and loss of details. This is achieved by weighting the input image and the interim equalized image recursively until the allowed intensity range is maximally covered. The proper weighting factor is optimally determined using the efficient golden section search algorithm. Experiments had been conducted on a large number of images captured under natural indoor and outdoor environment. Results showed that the proposed method is able to recover the largest amount of information as compared to other current approaches. The developed method also provides satisfactory performances in terms of image contrast, and sharpness.     

Diode-laser-controlled millimetre-wave propagation in a silicon waveguide

We report the dynamic behaviour of the phase shift and attenuation of millimetre waves in a silicon waveguide when it is illuminated by a diode laser. The effect of diffusion of the induced plasma on the phase shift and attenuation is also described.     

靖边气田上、下古气藏合采地面集输工艺

靖边气田经过十多年的开发建设,气藏资源和地层能量迅速衰竭,为保证靖边气田稳产规模,研究试验了上、下古气藏气合采地面集输工艺,工艺主要采用了井下节流、单井中低压串接、井口不注醇、集气站大压比增压等技术。通过采用该工艺,技术难度大幅度降低,实现了中低压集气,降低了地面系统运行压力,同时地面投资大幅降低。该工艺技术的试验及实施,为苏东南20×108 m3/a上古气藏天然气,10×108 m3/a下古气藏天然气规划及靖边气田稳产提供了一种新思路及技术支持。     

渤海湾含油气盆地断块活动与古潜山油、气田的形成

渤海湾含油气盆地是我国近期扩大油气资源地区之一。自任丘古潜山高产油田的发现,加强了深部地质构造活动对第三纪沉积、构造演化发展的研究。初步认识到“以古潜山为主体的复式油气聚集带”是渤海湾含油气盆地的主要油气富集形式。     

Characterization of GaN epitaxial layers on SiC substrates with AlxGa1−xN buffer layers

High quality GaN epitaxial layers were obtained with Al_xGa_1−xN buffer layers on 6H–SiC substrates. The low-pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (LP-MOCVD) method was used. The 500 Å thick buffer layers of Al_xGa_1−xN (0≤x≤1) were deposited on SiC substrates at 1025°C. The FWHM of GaN (0004) X-ray curves are 2–3 arcmin, which vary with the Al content in Al_xGa_1−xN buffer layers. An optimum Al content is found to be 0.18. The best GaN epitaxial film has the mobility and carrier concentration about 564 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹ and 1.6×10¹⁷ cm⁻³ at 300 K. The splitting diffraction angle between GaN and Al_xGa_1−xN were also analyzed from X-ray diffraction curves.     

The stochastic Galerkin scaled boundary finite element method on random domain

The research work extends the scaled boundary finite element method to non‐deterministic framework defined on random domain wherein random behaviour is exhibited in the presence of the random‐field uncertainties. The aim is to blend the scaled boundary finite element method into the Galerkin spectral stochastic methods, which leads to a proficient procedure for handling the stress singularity problems and crack analysis. The Young's modulus of structures is considered to have random‐field uncertainty resulting in the stochastic behaviour of responses. Mathematical expressions and the solution procedure are derived to evaluate the statistical characteristics of responses (displacement, strain, and stress) and stress intensity factors of cracked structures. The feasibility and effectiveness of the presented method are demonstrated by particularly chosen numerical examples. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

大菱鲆病原鳗弧菌生物学及分子特征研究

从山东沿海养殖发病大菱鲆分离了5株鳗弧菌。5株菌对大菱鲆有较强的致病性,LD50范围为2.32×101～4.03×102cfu/g鱼;5株菌分别属于O1、O2、O3血清型,菌株之间的16SrRNA基因序列相似性范围97.1%～99.9%;与国外报道的鳗弧菌的序列相似性范围为89.7%～99.9%。5株菌的生理生化特征与鳗弧菌标准菌株一致,能产生多种胞外酶和溶血素;都含有金属蛋白酶基因和溶血素基因,其中3株菌各含有一个67kb大质粒。病原菌对青霉素、苯唑青霉素、氨苄青霉素、先锋霉素Ⅳ、先锋霉素Ⅴ、先锋霉素Ⅵ、链霉素、强力霉素、洁霉素、万古霉素、灭滴灵等11种常用抗菌药物有抗性,只对新生霉素、呋喃妥因、利福平、新霉素等4种药物敏感。