当代世界城市低碳本位的交通战略

全球气候变暖已经成为21世纪人们最为关注的话题之一,把减少碳排放作为我国国家战略的一部分已经是大势所趋。交通运输尤其是城市交通所产生的碳排放是减少碳排放的一个重要方面。建设以公共轨道交通为主的便捷出行模式、大力发展慢行交通系统、限制城市私家车的增长、鼓励新能源技术、合理的土地利用和交通规划模式等,是适应我国国情的城市低碳交通发展的战略途径。     

Key techniques for predicting the uncertain trajectories of moving objects with dynamic environment awareness

Railway Engineering Science - Emerging technologies of wireless and mobile communication enable people to accumulate a large volume of time-stamped locations, which appear in the form of a...     

利用水厂生产废水促进UASB工艺处理低温城市污水启动

为缩短UASB工艺处理低温城市污水的启动周期,开展在原水中添加水厂生产废水强化UASB系统污泥颗粒化可行性研究,并以常规启动方式做为比较,对启动过程中系统运行特性和形成的颗粒污泥特性进行探讨。试验结果表明,在水温为15℃,初始有机负荷为0.25kgCOD/（m3.d）的条件下,采用逐步提高负荷的传统启动方式和添加生产废水的强化启动方式都能实现UASB工艺的低温启动,相应的启动周期分别为120d和95d左右。在整个启动过程中,添加生产废水启动方式对有机负荷提高适应性较强,达到4kgCOD/（m3.d）时较常规方式缩短30d,而且具有较高的COD去除效率和微生物增长速率（分别为0.029g VSS/d和0.043g VSS/d）。与常规启动方式相比,强化启动方式颗粒粒径较大,在第95d内可形成2mm粒径颗粒污泥。采用添加生产废水的启动方式能够缩短UASB工艺的启动周期并强化污泥颗粒化,提高低温城市污水的处理效率和运行稳定性。     

Axial bearing capacity of short FRP confined concrete-filled steel tubular columns

The bearing capacity of FRP confined concrete-filled steel tubular (FRP-CFST) columns under axial compression was investigated. This new type of composite column is a concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) confined with fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) wraps. Totally 11 short column specimens were tested to failure under axial compression. The influences of the type and quantity of FRP, the thickness of steel tube and the concrete strength were studied. It was found that the bearing capacity of short FRP-CFST column was much higher than that of comparable CFST column. Furthermore, the formulas for calculating the bearing capacity of the FRP-CFST columns are proposed. The analytical calculated results agree well with the experimental results.     

基于离散事件模型的计算系统自愈性

自愈(Self-Healing)技术旨在使系统具有类似于生物系统伤口愈合的特征,它是提高计算系统可靠性与可信赖性的一种潜在的重要方法,正受到越来越多研究人员的关注.当前,一些研究人员从不同视角对自愈技术展开了研究,并尝试运用自愈机制解决了一些针对特定应用的问题,然而,根据现有研究成果,研究人员对计算系统的自愈性尚未形成统一而成熟的认识.文章基于离散事件模型,将计算系统的诊断性与修复性结合起来,提出一种计算系统自愈性的定义及其描述方法,并通过例子进行说明.文中所提出的定义及其描述方法,为自愈计算系统的设计及计算系统的自愈性评价提供了理论基础.     

AADL 测试模型的构造研究

目前,结构分析和设计语言AADL在任务关键嵌入式系统领域有着良好的应用.为了保障任务关键软件的质量,文章提出基于AADL测试模型对AADL设计模型进行测试,以发现设计模型中存在的错误.研究给出了体现系统拓扑结构的AADL测试模型的形式定义及由AADL构造该测试模型的算法,基于该测试模型可以对AADL设计模型中构件交互的输入、输出端口序列和连接的正确性进行测试,并以飞行控制系统的AADL设计模型为例,阐释了研究成果.     

平板微反应器内甲烷-湿空气催化重整的数值分析研究

建立了二维稳态多组分传输反应的模型,对平板微反应器中Rh催化剂涂层上甲烷-干、湿空气催化重整制合成气进行了数值计算,并分析了采用湿空气时反应通道长度和高度对重整性能的影响.结果表明：进口速度低于2 m/s时,采用湿空气可提高甲烷转化率和产氢率,反应器出口的温度降低以及减少积碳的发生;采用湿空气时,反应通道长度增大,甲烷的转化率提高,出口氢气含量增大,出口温度相应地降低;反应通道高度增大,甲烷的转化率降低,出口氢气的含量减少,出口温度升高.     

产氢细菌Ethanoligenens harbinense YUAN-3基因文库构建及分析

以高效产氢细菌哈尔滨产乙醇杆菌的模式菌株YUAN-3作为出发菌株,提取细菌总DNA,经过Sau3AI的不完全酶切,将2.5～5.0kb的片段连接入用BamHI酶切的pUC19质粒,转化入E.ColiDH5α中,构建菌株YUAN-3的基因组文库,得到克隆数接近9×103个,以最相近的梭菌属已报道的基因组平均大小4.6Mb计算,概括了其99%以上的基因组,达到了建库的理论值.随机挑取200个白色菌落进行测序,经分析得到的结果大多数与已经过全序列分析的产氢细菌的假想蛋白相近,其中有49个与其他菌株功能蛋白相似性超过70%的片段,包括叶酰聚谷氨酸合成酶、DNA拓扑异构酶、乙酰转移酶等,同时获得了7个功能蛋白或基因的完整开放阅读框.     

Tissue response of an osteoinductive bioceramic in bone defect rabbit model

HA/TCP and HA rods (?5 mm×10 mm) were made for implantation in New Zealand white rabbit with different condition. Sixty three rabbit were divided into three groups: group 1 (n=18), group 2 (n=27) and group 3 (n=18). In group 1, 10 mm radius was defected, and one HA/TCP rod was implanted in the muscle a distant away from the bone defect area. In group 2, also, 10 mm radius was defected, one HA rod was implanted in the muscle a distant away from the bone defect area. In group 3, two HA/TCP rods were implanted in the dorsal muscle of the rabbit with bone intact. Histological observation showed that in group 1, some new bone was found only two months after implantation (n=2), and obvious immature woven bone could be observed in these bioceramics from the 3^rd month on. However, in group 3, bone began to be found 6 months after implantation (n=2). In group 2, we could not find any bone tissue up to 9 month’s observation. These results suggest that, first, the bone defect model could significantly accelerate bone formation at non-osseous sites in rabbits; second,. HA/TCP bioceramics were confirmed with osteoinductive property while HA bioceramics without osteoinductive property nearly. Thus, bone defect might be a good animal model for further researches for osteoinductive bioceramics.     

Preparation of YAG powder by co-precipitation method in a narrow pH-change environment

YAG(Y3Al5O12) powder was prepared by co-precipitation method.To avoid pH values changing intensely during titration process,the 4 3 NH HCO solution with 4 3 NH NO was used as precipitant solution.The pH change of precipitant solution during titration process,compositions of precursor,phase formation process and morphology of the prepared powder were investigated by means of pH meter,FT-IR,XRD and TEM.The results show that the presence of 4 3 NH NO in 4 3 NH HCO solution is crucial to alleviate the pH change,lower the calcination temperature and meliorate the morphology of YAG powder.The mechanisms were studied in detail.The YAG phase can be obtained at a lower temperature of 900 ℃.The obtained powder,composed of elliptical particles,showed a meliorated morphology.