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排序方式: 共有920条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
Cristian Jiménez‐Martínez Humberto Hernández‐Sánchez Gloria Dávila‐Ortiz 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2007,87(7):1315-1322
Lupinus, like Glycine max (soybean), is an ancient leguminous plant. It has been used as a food by people living around the Mediterranean Sea and in the Andean Highlands. This legume contains quinolizidine alkaloids (Qas), oligosaccharides (OGS) and phenolic compounds (PC). The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the growth of Rhizopus oligosporus on the levels of Qas, OGS and PC from L. mutabilis, L. campestris and G. max through tempeh elaboration. The results showed that the soaking and cooking processes of legume seeds diminished the Qas content of L. mutabilis and L. campestris by 50%, and after 48 h of fermentation these compounds decreased by more than 90% in total. OGS diminished by more than 90% in the lupin seeds. The PC content of the three seed species subjected to these processes increased their absorbance value, probably due to the enzymatic action of a fungal tannase. These results suggested that the L. mutabilis, L. campestris and G. max fermentation with R. oligosporus is an efficient method for diminishing antinutritional factors and for obtaining a product with optimal nutritional value. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
32.
Cristian Dima Elham Assadpour Stefan Dima Seid Mahdi Jafari 《Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety》2020,19(3):954-994
Nowadays, many consumers prefer foods with a high content of nutraceuticals that contribute to the prevention or healing of chronic diseases. Therefore, in recent years, more and more researchers have studied the bioefficiency, safety, and toxicity of nutraceutical‐enriched foods. The key stage of nutraceutical bioefficiency is oral bioavailability, which involves the following processes: the release of nutraceuticals from food matrices or nanocarriers in gastrointestinal fluids, the solubilization of nutraceuticals and their interaction with other components of gastrointestinal fluids, the absorption of nutraceuticals by the epithelial layer, and the chemical and biochemical transformations into epithelial cells. These processes are endogenous factors that greatly influence the bioavailability of nutraceuticals. In addition to endogenous factors, the bioavailability of nutraceuticals is also affected by exogenous factors, such as: physicochemical properties of nutraceuticals, food matrix, food processing and storage, and so forth. Both the endogenous and exogenous factors are comprehensively analyzed in this review. Thus, the physicochemical and enzymatic processes involved in food digestion are described, highlighting the role of each stage of gastrointestinal tract (mouth, stomach, and intestine) in nutraceuticals bioaccessibility. The structure and functions of the mucus and epithelial layers, the mechanisms involved in the active and passive transport of nutraceuticals through the cell membrane, and phase I and phase II metabolism reactions are also discussed. Finally, this review focuses on several types of bioactive‐loaded nanocarriers such as lipid‐based, surfactant‐based, and biopolymeric nanocarriers that improve the bioavailability of nutraceuticals. 相似文献
33.
Camelia Ungureanu Cristian PirvuMihaela Mindroiu Ioana Demetrescu 《Progress in Organic Coatings》2012
In order to enhance properties of the polymer composite films, composite coatings based on polypyrrole (PPy) and polyethylene glycol (PEG), using various percentages of PEG (0.5%, 2%, 4%), were electrodeposited on a new titanium alloy electrode as insulating material. The structure of the coatings was investigated via infrared (FTIR) analysis, and the surface features were studied using contact angle determination, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). When testing the antibacterial properties of the coatings, the best effect was found for the coating with 2% PEG concentration, which has hydrophilic character and small roughness. Such results are in concordance with mechanism of biomaterial–bacteria interaction which involves as factors affecting bacterial adhesion and growth an initial physicochemical interaction stage, where roughness and wettabilitty are factors promoting bacterial adhesion and biofilm deposition. 相似文献
34.
Luis Gonzlez-Osuna Alfredo Sierra-Cristancho Emilio A. Cafferata Samanta Melgar-Rodríguez Carolina Rojas Paola Carvajal Cristian Cortez Rolando Vernal 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(5)
Senescent cells express a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) with a pro-inflammatory bias, which contributes to the chronicity of inflammation. During chronic inflammatory diseases, infiltrating CD4+ T lymphocytes can undergo cellular senescence and arrest the surface expression of CD28, have a response biased towards T-helper type-17 (Th17) of immunity, and show a remarkable ability to induce osteoclastogenesis. As a cellular counterpart, T regulatory lymphocytes (Tregs) can also undergo cellular senescence, and CD28− Tregs are able to express an SASP secretome, thus severely altering their immunosuppressive capacities. During periodontitis, the persistent microbial challenge and chronic inflammation favor the induction of cellular senescence. Therefore, senescence of Th17 and Treg lymphocytes could contribute to Th17/Treg imbalance and favor the tooth-supporting alveolar bone loss characteristic of the disease. In the present review, we describe the concept of cellular senescence; particularly, the one produced during chronic inflammation and persistent microbial antigen challenge. In addition, we detail the different markers used to identify senescent cells, proposing those specific to senescent T lymphocytes that can be used for periodontal research purposes. Finally, we discuss the existing literature that allows us to suggest the potential pathogenic role of senescent CD4+CD28− T lymphocytes in periodontitis. 相似文献
35.
Alessandro Faccinetto Pascale Desgroux Michael Ziskind Eric Therssen Cristian Focsa 《Combustion and Flame》2011,158(2):227-239
Species adsorbed at the surfaces of soot particles sampled at different locations in a low-pressure methane flame have been analyzed. The analysis method is laser desorption/laser ionization/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LD/LI/TOF-MS) applied to soot particles deposited on a filter after probe extraction in the flame. In order to fully characterize the experimental apparatus, a strategy of systematic investigations has been adopted, beginning with the study of less complex systems constituted by model soot (standard polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs, adsorbed on black carbon), and then natural soot sampled from a literature reference ethylene flame. This characterization allowed a good understanding of the analytical response of PAHs to the desorption and ionization processes and the definition of the optimal experimental conditions. The soot PAH content was then investigated on a low-pressure methane/oxygen/nitrogen premixed flat flame (? = 2.32) as a function of the sampling height above the burner (HAB). The obtained mass spectra are reproducible, fragment-free, well resolved in the analyzed m/z range and they are characterized by an excellent signal-to-noise ratio. They all feature regular peak sequences, where each signal peak has been assigned to the most stable high-temperature-formed PAHs. The structure of the mass spectra depends on the sampling HAB into the flame, i.e., on the reaction time. An original contribution to the data interpretation comes from the development of a new sampling method that makes it possible to infer hypotheses about the PAH partition between the gas phase and the soot particles. This method highlights the presence of high-mass PAHs in the soot nucleation zone, and it suggests the importance of heterogeneous reactions occurring between flame PAHs and soot particles. 相似文献
36.
37.
Ştefania Adelina Milea Cristian Vasile Dima Elena Enachi Loredana Dumitraşcu Vasilica Barbu Gabriela Elena Bahrim Petru Alexe Nicoleta Stănciuc 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2020,55(12):3585-3594
Black rice and lavender are promising sources of bioactives, in terms of anthocyanins and essential oils. Their bioaccessibility were improved by microencapsulation, followed by mixing in order to benefit both from colour and flavour, along with radical scavenging and biological properties. The mixed powder showed a satisfactory anthocyanins of 2.55 mg g−1 DW, leading to a radical scavenging activity of 65.14 mmol g−1 DW. The powder displayed an inhibitory effect against α-glucosidase (~49%) and α-amylase (39%), respectively, with a controlled release in intestinal environment. To further examine the functional properties, the powder was added to a food model system. During storage, a release in anthocyanins and flavonoids were found, leading to an increase in radical scavenging activity. The sensorial analysis showed that supplemented biscuits were appreciated for colour and lavender aroma. The obtained results were promising in tailoring the health benefits of secondary metabolites, underutilised in human’s nutrition due to their low stability and bioavailability. 相似文献
38.
Claudia Mihaela Ninciuleanu Raluca Ianchi Elvira Alexandrescu Ctlin Ionu Mihescu Sabina Burlacu Bogdan Tric Cristina Lavinia Nistor Silviu Preda Cristina Scomoroscenco Ctlina Gîfu Cristian Petcu Mircea Teodorescu 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(18)
The present work aims to show how the main properties of poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) hydrogels can be engineered by means of several silicon-based fillers (Laponite XLS/XLG, montmorillonite (Mt), pyrogenic silica (PS)) employed at 10 wt% concentration based on MAA. Various techniques (FT-IR, XRD, TGA, SEM, TEM, DLS, rheological measurements, UV-VIS) were used to comparatively study the effect of these fillers, in correlation with their characteristics, upon the structure and swelling, viscoelastic, and water decontamination properties of (nano)composite hydrogels. The experiments demonstrated that the nanocomposite hydrogel morphology was dictated by the way the filler particles dispersed in water. The equilibrium swelling degree (SDe) depended on both the pH of the environment and the filler nature. At pH 1.2, a slight crosslinking effect of the fillers was evidenced, increasing in the order Mt < Laponite < PS. At pH > pKaMAA (pH 5.4; 7.4; 9.5), the Laponite/Mt-containing hydrogels displayed a higher SDe as compared to the neat one, while at pH 7.4/9.5 the PS-filled hydrogels surprisingly displayed the highest SDe. Rheological measurements on as-prepared hydrogels showed that the filler addition improved the mechanical properties. After equilibrium swelling at pH 5.4, G’ and G” depended on the filler, the Laponite-reinforced hydrogels proving to be the strongest. The (nano)composite hydrogels synthesized displayed filler-dependent absorption properties of two cationic dyes used as model water pollutants, Laponite XLS-reinforced hydrogel demonstrating both the highest absorption rate and absorption capacity. Besides wastewater purification, the (nano)composite hydrogels described here may also find applications in the pharmaceutical field as devices for the controlled release of drugs. 相似文献
39.
NH3-NO/NO2 SCR for diesel exhausts after treatment: mechanism and modelling of a catalytic converter
Nova Isabella Ciardelli Cristian Tronconi Enrico Chatterjee Daniel Weibel Michel 《Topics in Catalysis》2007,42(1-4):43-46
We review herein the key mechanistic and kinetic features of the reactions involved in the NH3-NO/NO2 SCR system investigated by dynamic reactive experiments over a V-based commercial powdered catalyst, eventually leading to
the proposal of an original redox scheme which accounts for stoichiometry, selectivity and intrinsic kinetics of the global
SCR process. 相似文献
40.
Özlem Erol Till F. Schäberle Dr. Alexander Schmitz Shwan Rachid Dr. Cristian Gurgui Dr. Mustafa El Omari Friederike Lohr Stefan Kehraus Dr. Jörn Piel Prof. Dr. Rolf Müller Prof. Dr. Gabriele M. König Prof. Dr. 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2010,11(9):1253-1265
Corallopyronin A is a myxobacterial compound with potent antibacterial activity. Feeding experiments with labelled precursors resulted in the deduction of all biosynthetic building blocks for corallopyronin A and revealed an unusual feature of this metabolite: its biosynthesis from two chains, one solely PKS‐derived and the other NRPS/PKS‐derived. The starter molecule is believed to be carbonic acid or its monomethyl ester. The putative corallopyronin A biosynthetic gene cluster is a trans‐AT‐type mixed PKS/NRPS gene cluster, containing a β‐branching cassette. Striking features of this gene cluster are a NRPS‐like adenylation domain that is part of a PKS‐type module and is believed to be responsible for glycine incorporation, as well as split modules with individual domains occurring on different genes. It is suggested that CorB is a trans‐acting ketosynthase and it is proposed that it catalyses the Claisen condensation responsible for the interconnection of the two chains. Additionally, the stereochemistry of corallopyronin A was deduced by a combination of a modified Mosher's method and ozonolysis with subsequent chiral GC analyses. 相似文献