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排序方式: 共有443条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
Dr Anne Loppinet‐Serani Cyril Aymonier François Cansell 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2010,85(5):583-589
OVERVIEW: Supercritical water is a great medium in which to perform chemical reactions and to develop processes. Due to its unique thermo‐physico‐chemical properties, supercritical water is able to play the role of solvent of organic compounds and/or to react with them. These specific properties have been used since the 1990s to develop new technologies dedicated to the environment and energy. IMPACT: Supercritical water based technologies are innovative and efficient processes having a strong impact on society, the environment and the economy, and is termed a sustainable technology. APPLICATIONS: Three main applications for supercritical water technology are under development: (i) supercritical water oxidation (SCWO); (ii) supercritical water biomass gasification (SCBG); and (iii) hydrolysis of polymers in supercritical water (HPSCW) for composites/plastics recycling. In this paper some fundamentals of supercritical water are first presented to introduce the above three major developments. Then these technologies are reviewed in terms of their present and future industrial development and their impact on the environment and on energy production. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
32.
Cyril Randriamaro Olivier Soyez Gil Utard Francis Wlazinski 《Journal of Grid Computing》2006,4(3):311-321
This article presents distributions for data storage in a P2P system. In peer to peer storage system we have to face a continuous stream of peer failures. So to insure data durability data are usually disseminated using a dispersal redundant scheme and a dynamic data reconstruction process is used to rebuild lost data. There is an important communication traffic to maintain data integrity. So, it is important to reduce the impact of this reconstruction process on peer. To minimize end user traffic according to the reconstruction process, distribution must take into account a new measure: The maximum disturbance cost of a peer. To begin with, we define a static distribution scheme which minimizes this reconstruction cost based on prime numbers theory. We compare this distribution with the random distribution, the most used in data distribution.This Project () is supported by the ACI GRID CGP2P and the ACI MD GDX. 相似文献
33.
34.
Matthew V. Ball Cyril Guyot James P. Hughes Luther Martin Landon Curt Noll 《Cryptologia》2013,37(1):70-79
Abstract This paper describes the importance of the XTS-AES encryption mode of operation and concludes with a new proof for the security of ciphertext stealing as used by XTS-AES. The XTS-AES mode is designed for encrypting data stored on hard disks where there is not additional space for an integrity field. Given this lack of space for an integrity field, XTS-AES builds on the security of AES by protecting the storage device from many dictionary and copy/paste attacks. The operation of the XTS mode of AES is defined in the IEEE 1619-2007 standard [3], and has been adopted by the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) as an approved mode of operation under FIPS 140-2 [2]. XTS-AES builds on the XEX (Xor-Encrypt-Xor) mode originally proposed by Rogaway [8]. 相似文献
35.
Cyril Wilson 《International journal of remote sensing》2013,34(3):1094-1125
Involuntary migration triggered by war has the capacity to generate substantial socioeconomic and environmental changes in cities of developing countries, resulting in aberrant alterations to land use and land cover (LULC). This scenario has the potential to diminish the quality of life of inhabitants of a city and present administrative challenges for government and other officials. Gauging the scope and trajectory of urban LULC changes in a war-related environment is pivotal for urban and regional planning, the sustainability of natural resources, and information needs of policy makers. Scholarships that link remote sensing to social science mostly focus on a non-conflict environment, resulting in little or no information on the ramifications of conflict-induced forced migration on changes in LULC. As a result, the role of civil conflict-induced forced migration on the composition and configuration of urban landscape in developing countries remains elusive. This study employs a dense time stack of Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper (TM) images and a hybrid classification approach that integrates linear spectral unmixing and an ensemble decision-tree classifier to characterize LULC in a primate city and two lower-ranked cities in Sierra Leone. The study examined three time-steps which span 1986–1991, 1991–2002, and 2002–2010 with the overarching goal of elucidating changes in LULC conditioned by civil conflict. Image classification accuracy (overall accuracy) ranged between 84.0% and 90.2%. The study demonstrated that civil conflict has the capacity to trigger notable growth in urban agricultural land (37.4%) in a primate city, while the expansion of residential (112.7%) and industrial/commercial (18.7%) lands is more prominent in a lower-ranked city. The study further revealed that population expansion does not necessarily result in significant growth in residential area in a primate city that has experienced civil conflict. 相似文献
36.
Pascal Gautron Cyril Delalandre Jean‐Eudes Marvie Pascal Lecocq 《Computer Graphics Forum》2013,32(7):305-314
We introduce Boundary‐Aware Extinction Maps for interactive rendering of massive heterogeneous volumetric datasets. Our approach is based on the projection of the extinction along light rays into a boundary‐aware function space, focusing on the most relevant sections of the light paths. This technique also provides an alternative representation of the set of participating media, allowing scattering simulation methods to be applied on arbitrary volume representations. Combined with a simple out‐of‐core rendering framework, Boundary‐Aware Extinction Maps are valuable tools for interactive applications as well as production previsualization and rendering. 相似文献
37.
Integral ESR and time-resolved CIDEP techniques applied to the study of the light-induced yellowing of bleached and unbleached TMP samples provide some further insights into the nature and the mechanisms of the processes. The identity of the phenoxy and ketyl free radical intermediates involved in mese processes is established and the primary triplet photochemical mechanisms of their formation are characterized. The radical scavenging mechanisms responsible for the inhibition of light-induced yellowing in the TMP system by ascorbic acid and triphenylmethyl thiol are formulated. 相似文献
38.
Bernard Charra Guillaume Jean Jean-Marc Hurot Jean-Claude Terrat Thierry Vanel Cyril VoVan Foued Maazoun Charles Chazot 《Hemodialysis international. International Symposium on Home Hemodialysis》2001,5(1):42-50
While nephrologists wait for the ideal, non invasive, inexpensive, precise, and reproducible tool to evaluate extracellular volume (ECV), they need to exert their clinical acumen in the quest of that holy grail, dry weight (DW). Estimation of DW using a clinical approach based on blood pressure (BP) and ECV is feasible and reliable as shown by successful experiences in various dialysis modes over more than three decades. But a need still exists to resolve difficulties associated with accurate assessment of BP (methods and circumstances of measurement, and the confounding effects of antihypertensive drugs) and ECV (evaluation of weight changes unrelated to ECV, lack of specificity and sensitivity of clinical symptoms, lag time, confusion in terminology). An essential point in clinical assessment of DW is that a normal BP is at the same time the target and the crucial index of DW achievement. For this reason, a trialand‐error “probe” process has to be used at intervals to make sure that the dry weight target point is correctly estimated. The various “non clinical” methods proposed for dry weight assessment increase the complexity and the cost of hemodialysis. They are, in the present state of things, more clinical research than practice tools. They do not replace clinical judgment. 相似文献
39.
This paper considers the resource-constrained activity insertion problem with minimum and maximum time lags. The problem involves
inserting a single activity in a partial schedule while preserving its structure represented through resource flow networks
and minimizing the makespan increase caused by the insertion. In the general case, we show that finding a feasible insertion
that minimizes the project duration is NP-hard. When only minimum time lags are considered and when activity durations are
strictly positive, we show that the problem is polynomially solvable, generalizing previously established results on activity
insertion for the standard resource-constrained project scheduling problem. 相似文献
40.
Glenwick David S.; Brodsky Stanley L.; Franks Cyril M.; Hess Allen K.; Balch Katherine; Frank Jerome B.; Garfield Sol L.; Jason Leonard A. 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1987,42(4):405
Discusses the factors that should be considered when preparing to edit a high-quality, scholarly psychology book. The issues discussed include the book editor–publisher relationship, the book editor–chapter contributor relationship, and what makes a good final product. Three laws of editing are offered: (1) conceptualize clearly; (2) edit fiercely; and (3) edit for the reader, not the writer. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献