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941.
On Ultra-Fine Leak Detection of Hermetic Wafer Level Packages 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Theoretical and practical ranges of leak rates measurable by the helium mass spectrometer are characterized. The effect of noise due to: 1) background helium present in the spectrometer and 2) desorption of helium that attaches itself to the specimen surface during bombing is quantified experimentally. The results guide a framework to extract the true leak rate from the measured leak rate profile. An optical interferometry based hermeticity measurement technique for ultra-fine leaks is proposed. The setup to implement the technique is described and a preliminary experimental result is reported. 相似文献
942.
Charalambous C.D. Bultitude R.J.C. Li X. Zhan J. 《Wireless Communications, IEEE Transactions on》2008,7(2):434-439
This paper is concerned with modeling and identification of wireless channels using noisy measurements. The models employed are governed by stochastic differential equations (SDEs) in state space form, while the identification method is based on the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm and Kalman filtering. The algorithm is tested against real channel measurements. The results presented include state space models for the channels, estimates of inphase and quadrature components, and estimates of the corresponding Doppler power spectral densities (DPSDs), from sample noisy measurements. Based on the available measurements, it is concluded that state space models of order two are sufficient for wireless flat fading channel characterization. 相似文献
943.
Jun-Guo Lu Hill D.J. 《Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, IEEE Transactions on》2008,55(6):586-590
Sampled-data feedback control for master-slave synchronization schemes that consist of identical chaotic Lur'e systems is studied. Sufficient conditions for global asymptotic synchronization of such chaotic Lur'e systems are obtained using the free-weighting matrix approach and expressed in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). With the help of the LMI solvers, the sampled-data feedback control law can easily be obtained to globally asymptotically synchronize Lur'e chaotic systems. The effectiveness of the proposed method is finally illustrated via numerical simulations of chaotic Chua's circuits. 相似文献
944.
H.J. Bolink E. Coronado D. Repetto M. Sessolo E.M. Barea J. Bisquert G. Garcia‐Belmonte J. Prochazka L. Kavan 《Advanced functional materials》2008,18(1):145-150
A new type of bottom‐emission electroluminescent device is described in which a metal oxide is used as the electron‐injecting contact. The preparation of such a device is simple. It consists of the deposition of a thin layer of a metal oxide on top of an indium tin oxide covered glass substrate, followed by the solution processing of the light‐emitting layer and subsequently the deposition of a high‐workfunction (air‐stable) metal anode. This architecture allows for a low‐cost electroluminescent device because no rigorous encapsulation is required. Electroluminescence with a high brightness reaching 5700 cd m–2 is observed at voltages as low as 8 V, demonstrating the potential of this new approach to organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) devices. Unfortunately the device efficiency is rather low because of the high current density flowing through the device. We show that the device only operates after the insertion of an additional hole‐injection layer in between the light‐emitting polymer (LEP) and the metal anode. A simple model that explains the experimental results and provides avenues for further optimization of these devices is described. It is based on the idea that the barrier for electron injection is lowered by the formation of a space–charge field over the metal‐oxide–LEP interface due to the build up of holes in the LEP layer close to this interface. 相似文献
945.
Shaker J. Chaharmir M.R. Cuhaci M. Ittipiboon A. 《Antennas and Propagation Magazine, IEEE》2008,50(4):31-52
It has been a decade since a research program began on reflectarray technology at the Communications Research Centre Canada (CRC). This endeavor has demonstrated the advantages and shortcomings of this technology, the issues that ought to be addressed, and future opportunities. This paper summarizes the outcome of this research in the context of projects that have been carried out, and the resulting insight into reflectarray technology. Design methodology, fabrication process, and measurements results will be briefly discussed for each particular development. 相似文献
946.
The work focuses on the synthesis of a red ceramic pigment by inclusion of hematite in a fumed silica matrix with different specific surface areas. Iron(II) sulfate was used as hematite precursor. Mixtures of iron(II) sulfate and fumed silica with different mole ratios were heated at different temperatures from 1000 to 1300 °C for 4 h. 相似文献
947.
We identify the time dependence of temperature of a surface of a long hollow thermosensitive cylinder and its thermal and
thermal stressed states according to the known temperature and strains on the other surface. The posed problem is reduced
to the inverse problem of thermoelasticity. By using the solution of the direct problem of thermoelasticity, we perform the
numerical verification of the proposed procedure of solution of the inverse problem.
__________
Translated from Fizyko-Khimichna Mekhanika Materialiv, Vol. 43, No. 6, pp. 55–61, November–December, 2007. 相似文献
948.
J. H. Elder S. J. D. Prince Y. Hou M. Sizintsev E. Olevskiy 《International Journal of Computer Vision》2007,72(1):47-66
We address the problem of localizing and obtaining high-resolution footage of the people present in a scene. We propose a
biologically-inspired solution combining pre-attentive, low-resolution sensing for detection with shiftable, high-resolution,
attentive sensing for confirmation and further analysis.
The detection problem is made difficult by the unconstrained nature of realistic environments and human behaviour, and the
low resolution of pre-attentive sensing. Analysis of human peripheral vision suggests a solution based on integration of relatively
simple but complementary cues. We develop a Bayesian approach involving layered probabilistic modeling and spatial integration
using a flexible norm that maximizes the statistical power of both dense and sparse cues. We compare the statistical power
of several cues and demonstrate the advantage of cue integration. We evaluate the Bayesian cue integration method for human
detection on a labelled surveillance database and find that it outperforms several competing methods based on conjunctive
combinations of classifiers (e.g., Adaboost). We have developed a real-time version of our pre-attentive human activity sensor
that generates saccadic targets for an attentive foveated vision system. Output from high-resolution attentive detection algorithms
and gaze state parameters are fed back as statistical priors and combined with pre-attentive cues to determine saccadic behaviour.
The result is a closed-loop system that fixates faces over a 130 deg field of view, allowing high-resolution capture of facial
video over a large dynamic scene. 相似文献
949.
V. F. Ivanov A. A. Nekrasov K. V. Tcheberiako A. V. Vannikov A. S. Posed'ko S. I. Lishik Yu. V. Trofimov 《Journal of the Society for Information Display》2003,11(1):11-14
Abstract— An all solid‐state photoelectrochromic element (PECE) was developed on the basis of electrochromic layers of WO3 and polyaniline with a layer of polymer electrolyte placed on a base of polyamidosulfoacid, in which a thin‐film CdSxSe1?x photoresistor was used as an electronic key. The dependence of the sensitometric characteristics of the PECE on the applied voltage was studied. 相似文献
950.