基于Hadoop分布式并行计算在继电保护整定计算中的应用

对地县进行继电保护整定计算时,也必须要考虑到计算应用的时效性。为了实现快速的继电保护整定计算,采用并行计算技术。首先对硬件部署做了总体介绍,为并行计算的实现提供可能性;然后采用基于Hadoop的分布式并行计算,介绍了Hadoop的软件框架及任务分解;最后以浙江湖州德清县调整定计算的具体实例来说明并行计算的实现方法。结果表明:该方案可适应电网发展对继电保护提出的更高要求,减少计算时间。     

Use of volatile compound metabolic signatures in poultry liver to back-trace dietary exposure to rapidly metabolized xenobiotics

The study investigated the feasibility of using volatile compound signatures of liver tissues in poultry to detect previous dietary exposure to different types of xenobiotic. Six groups of broiler chickens were fed a similar diet either noncontaminated or contaminated with polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/-furans (PCDD/Fs; 3.14 pg WHO-TEQ/g feed, 12% moisture), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs; 0.08 pg WHO-TEQ/g feed, 12% moisture), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs; 1.63 ng/g feed, 12% moisture), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs; 0.72 μg/g fresh matter), or coccidiostats (0.5 mg/g feed, fresh matter). Each chicken liver was analyzed by solid-phase microextraction - mass spectrometry (SPME-MS) for volatile compound metabolic signature and by gas chromatography - high resolution mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS), gas chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS), and liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to quantify xenobiotic residues. Volatile compound signature evidenced a liver metabolic response to PAH although these rapidly metabolized xenobiotics are undetectable in this organ by the reference methods. Similarly, the volatile compound metabolic signature enabled to differentiate the noncontaminated chickens from those contaminated with PBDEs or coccidiostats. In contrast, no clear signature was pointed out for slowly metabolized compounds such as PCDD/Fs and PCBs although their residues were found in liver at 50.93 (±6.71) and 0.67 (±0.1) pg WHO-TEQ/g fat, respectively.     

Improving the Effectiveness of Isinglass Finings for Beer Clarification by Optimisation of the Mixing Process. Part 1: Laboratory Scale Experiments

In order to optimise the process of fining beer there is a need to model the process in terms of addition, mixing and flocculation. Mixing of beer and finings has been achieved in a small laboratory stirred vessel that enables exact characterisation of the shear conditions and residence time. The performance of the finings was evaluated after settling in Imhoff cones. Results identified an optimum mixing regime comprising two stages; a relatively vigorous and short duration first mix followed by a longer more gentle mix.     

烹饪油烟净化技术发展的探讨

随着我国餐饮业的飞速发展,油烟带来的环境污染日益严重。餐饮业油烟污染问题成为城市居民环保投诉的热点之一。简要说明了油烟形成过程、成分组成及对人体健康的危害,同时介绍了处理油烟的新方法——生物降解法、等离子体法等,并对国内外净化技术进行了对比。总结提出催化氧化法适用于家庭油烟净化,并有待进一步研究开发以应用于实际生活中。     

鸡肉肽在美拉德反应中对生成肉味化合物的贡献研究

以鸡肉肽为基础,本实验构建了8组反应体系对鸡肉肽在美拉德反应中生成肉味化合物的贡献进行了研究。结果发现,鸡肉肽在美拉德反应中主要贡献呈坚果香、烤香的吡嗪类物质(增加量14744.1μg/L),进一步贡献体系的肉味。另外,对添加了游离氨基酸Cys的肽美拉德反应体系的研究发现,鸡肉肽可以大幅度促进Cys-木糖体系中含硫气味活性化合物如噻吩类和呋喃硫醇类物质的生成。而鸡肉肽-Leu-木糖体系中吡嗪的生成量大于Leu-糖与肽-糖体系两者之和,进一步说明添加Leu对鸡肉肽-木糖体系中吡嗪的生成具有促进作用。最后,构建不同p H值体系进行反应,结果发现,较低p H值(5.0)对鸡肉肽参与美拉德反应吡嗪的生成具有抑制作用。结合不挥发物的定量分析最终得出,主要分布在200-500u的鸡肉肽在美拉德反应中在较高p H下对食品肉味的形成具有重要的贡献。     

电子烟气溶胶中醛类化合物释放量的影响因素

为考察电子烟烟液的含水率、丙二醇与丙三醇比例、烟碱浓度和电子烟烟具输出功率对气溶胶中醛类化合物的影响,采用高效液相色谱法,将实验室配制的烟液填充至可填充式电子烟内,按照抽吸容量55 mL、抽吸频率30 s、抽吸持续时间3 s的模式抽吸50口,测定电子烟气溶胶中的甲醛、乙醛和丙烯醛的释放量。结果表明:①甲醛主要源于丙三醇的裂解,乙醛主要源于丙二醇的裂解,丙烯醛主要源于较高温度条件下丙三醇的脱水。②醛类化合物的释放量随烟碱浓度的升高而降低,随烟具输出功率的升高而增加。③含水率对醛类化合物释放量的影响较小。      

Characterization of Spanish red vermouths

Summary In the present work, the composition of commercial samples of Spanish red vermouths was analysed. Physicochemical parameters such as alcoholic concentration, pH, total sugars, dry extract and ashes were determined following Spanish Official Methods. Most of the samples comply with Spanish legislation for fortified wines. The major volatile components were evaluated by direct gas chromatography using 4-methyl-2-pentanol (Merck) as internal standard. It has been estimated that the concentration of higher alcohols in red vermouth is about twice the concentration in white wines.

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Charakterisierung der spanischen roten Wermut-Weine

Zusammenfassung In dieser Arbeit wurde die Zusammensetzung von Handelsproben spanischer, roter Wermut-Weine analysiert. Die chemisch-physikalischen Parameter wie Alkoholkonzentration, pH, wie Zucker-, Extrakt- und Asche-Gehalt wurden durch amtliche, spanische Methoden bestimmt. Die meisten Wermutproben kommen den spanischen Gesetzen für aromatische Weine nach. Die mengenmäßig-dominierenden flüchtigen Komponenten wurden durch Direkt-Gaschromatographie mit 4-methyl-2-penthanol (interner Standard) geschätzt. Danach enthalten die roten Wermutweine ungefähr die doppelte Konzentration an höheren Alkoholen wie die weißen Weine.

     

仿生水下机器人传动机构的设计与仿真

参照鱼类的外形特点对仿生水下机器人进行了设计和建模,同时根据鱼类推进鳍的特点研发出一种全新、节能、高效的推进装置;运用具有急回运动特性的曲柄摇杆机构将舵机的连续转动转换为推进鳍的前后摆动;结合现代虚拟样机设计技术进行本仿生水下机器人的设计研发:利用Matlab技术对曲柄摇杆机构进行优化分析和设计,运用Adams对曲柄摇杆机构进行运动分析,同时验证了基于Matlab优化设计的结果;目前,已经将仿生水下机器人加工组装完毕,同时完成了下水试验,证实了前期设计的合理性。     

性病威胁女人做母亲的权利

空气中的康乃馨花香预示着母亲节的到来，这一天是妈妈们接受儿女祝福的特殊时刻。尽管职业女性崇尚晚婚晚育，但能够成为母亲仍然是她们的执著追求，这一点我们可以从不少高龄明星准妈妈身上看到。然而，来自临床的研究告诉我们，性病正在成为扼杀女性生育力的一股黑色势力。相当多遭受不孕痛苦的夫妻，到医院就诊和检查后发现感染了某种性病，由性病引起的生殖器炎症，成为了不孕的罪魁祸首之一。当女人做母亲的权力受到威胁，甚至影响到下一代健康的时候，也许我们不得不重新面对这些疾病，学会更好地保护自己、伴侣和孩子。[编者按]