Combination effect of sodium lactate and irradiation on color,lactic acid bacteria,lipid oxidation and residual nitrite in Chinese sausages during storage at 25 °C

Chinese sausages, with the addition of 0 or 2% sodium lactate, were vacuum‐packaged and stored overnight at 4°C. Refrigerated sausages were gamma‐irradiated at 0, 3 or 5 kGy absorbed dose. Meat samples were stored at 25°C for up to 30 days. Color, lactic acid bacteria, pH, lipid oxidation and residual nitrite were determined during storage. Irradiated samples were reduced in redness as a result of irradiation and storage time. Irradiation at 5 kGy alone or in combination with 2% sodium lactate and irradiation at 3 kGy could completely inhibit lactic acid bacterial growth. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) values decreased as the pH values of samples increased. Sodium lactate decreased TBARS values of all samples and protected against a decrease of residual nitrite during storage. Irradiation reduced residual nitrite in Chinese sausage, and residual nitrite decreased with increased time. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

Preparation and electrocatalytic characteristics of the Pt-based anode catalysts for ethanol oxidation in acid and alkaline media

The current study reports the preparation and investigation of several Pt-based anode catalysts loaded on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as electrocatalysts in both acid and alkaline media for ethanol electrooxidation. The synthesized catalysts are evaluated by the method of XRD, Raman spectroscopy, XPS and TEM. Electrocatalytic properties of these catalysts for ethanol oxidation were investigated by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. It was found that the as-prepared nanocatalysts doped by metals and oxide metals showed the improvement of catalytic performance compared to Pt-only supported on graphene catalyst. The results indicated that the presence of Al favoured Pt nanoparticles dispersing on the surface of rGO sheets. Indeed, the PAG catalyst exhibits the highest mass activity for the ethanol oxidation of 1194 mA mg^?1_Pt in acid medium and 3691 mA mg^?1_Pt in alkaline medium. In addition, the PAG catalyst also shows good antipoisoning ability for ethanol electrooxidation in both media. This catalyst could be a potential catalyst for direct ethanol fuel cell (DEFC).     

四川盆地蓬探1井区震旦系灯影组二段储层特征及主控因素

四川盆地蓬探1井区灯影组气藏是继安岳气田发现后的又一勘探成果,在灯二段中发现了储量可观的工业气藏。明确该气藏的储层特征及成因机制对优质储层的分布预测、开发方案的制定及下步勘探部署具有重要意义。利用岩心、物性分析、测井解释、成像测井及地震资料对蓬探1井区灯二段储层特征进行了刻画,剖析了其成因主控因素,研究结果表明：灯二段优质储层主要发育于与生物建造相关的藻白云岩和与颗粒滩建造相关的颗粒白云岩中,储集空间有孔隙、溶洞和裂缝等类型。按储集空间的组合特征可将储层分为孔隙型、溶洞型及缝洞型3类,缝洞储层最发育,其次为溶洞型。优质储层主要分布在灯二段的中上部,总体表现为低孔低渗,部分井段表现为中孔中渗的特点。优质储层的发育程度及空间展布主要受沉积微相、早成岩期岩溶作用及桐湾运动的影响。处于台缘亚相带的丘滩体微相是优质储层的发育相带,早成岩期岩溶作用促进了储集空间进一步发育,桐湾运动促进了裂缝的发育和大气淡水淋滤作用的进一步发生。     

Two Further bis-indole alkaloids from Tabernaemontana bovina

The new bis-indole alkaloids tabernaemontabovine ( 1 ) and tabernaemontavine ( 2 ) have been isolated from aerial parts ofTabernaemontana bovina. Their structures have been assigned on the basis of APT, ¹H-¹H DQF COSY, gradient-selected HSQC and gradient-selected HMBC-spectra.     

Absolute Configuration of the Indole Alkaloid (-)-Mehranine Hydrobromide

The structure including the absolute configuration of the indole alkaloid (-)-mehranine hydrobromide (1·HBr) has been assigned by X-ray analysis. This result gave the possibility to assign the absolute configurations of some related alkaloids     

一种用于电力电子拓扑仿真的FPGA建模方法

针对电力电子系统开关器件较多、数学分析较复杂且其FPGA建模开发周期长等问题,文章提出了一种用于电力电子拓扑仿真的FPGA快速建模方法。其首先对电力电子的开关器件进行等效以简化数学模型,省略了复杂的数学分析;然后,运用Matlab自带的power-analyze函数求得电力电子拓扑的系统矩阵;最后,根据所得的系统矩阵快速简便地建立系统的FPGA模型,将FPGA的开发周期缩短了1/4左右。通过与SimPowerSystem模型对比,仿真结果验证了所提方法的有效性。