关于网络课堂的构建

优化教学手段、改善教学技术是保持高校设计艺术教育先进性的体现。利用网络实现课堂教学的互补也是新时期对教师提出的一项要求。本文介绍了构筑在“你我家”网络真实社区（http：／／www．niwojia．com）平台上的专业合作，交流组织“艺术设计联盟”（http：／／design．niwojia．com）的形成背景、发展历程和主要特点。     

Anisotropic nanowire growth via a self-confined amorphous template process: A reconsideration on the role of amorphous calcium carbonate

Calcium carbonate crystals with various morphologies have been found in a variety of biospecimens and artificially synthesized structures. Usually, the diversity in morphology can be attributed to different types of interactions between the specific crystal faces and the environment or the templates used for the growth of CaCO₃ crystals. On the other hand, isotropic amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) has been recognized as the precursor of other crystalline calcium carbonate forms for both in vivo and in vitro systems. However, here we propose a self-confined amorphous template process leading to the anisotropic growth of single-crystalline calcite nanowires. Initiated by the assembly of precipitated nanoparticles, the calcite nanowires grew via the continuous precipitation of partly crystallized ACC nanodroplets onto their tips. Then, the crystalline domains in the tip, which were generated from the partly crystallized nanodroplets, coalesced in the interior of the nanowire to form a single-crystalline core. The ACC domains were left outside and spontaneously formed a protective shell to retard the precipitation of CaCO₃ onto the side surface of the nanowire and thus guided the highly anisotropic growth of nanowires as a template.

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A Simple Model to Describe Different Types of Exchange Bias Training Effect

The exchange bias (EB) training effect, referring to the exchange field (H _E) and/or the coercivity (H _C) decreasing with the magnetic cycle (n), is often accompanied with EB. Usually, the EB training effect has different types, showing that H _C1 (coercive field at the descending branch) and H _C2 (coercive field at the ascending branch) change with n differently. In order to understand the origin producing the training type, a phenomenological model is therefore proposed. According to this model, how H _C1 (or H _C2) changes with n is determined by the change of pinning magnetization at the descending (or ascending) branch during the training process. For verifying the validity of our model, various experimental training results with respect to different exchange-biased systems are selected for fitting and all the fitting results are nearly perfect.     

Shadow compensation and illumination normalization of face image

This study proposes a novel shadow compensation and illumination normalization method under uncontrolled light conditions. First, we decompose the face image into two images based on the Lambertian theory, which corresponds to the large- and small-scale features, respectively. Then, the threshold minimum-and-maximum filter on the small-scale features to smooth the shadow edge is applied. After that, the robust Principal Component Analysis and some normalization methods are used to remove the shadow and normalize the face image on the large-scale features. In the end, the normalized face image is obtained by combining both results from the large- and small-scale features. Our main contribution is that a more reliable shadow compensation approach is found, which can get a better normalized face image. Experiments on the Extended Yale B, CMU-PIE and FRGC 2.0 (Face Recognition Grand Challenge) face datasets show that not only the recognition performance is significantly improved, but also much better visual quality is achieved.     

基于物联网标识的智能家居服务体系架构设计

目前,智能家居领域在互联互通方面主要存在两个问题：一个是家庭环境中多个设备之间无法实现较好的互联互通;另一个问题是智能家居系统所采用的标识、操作平台和编程语言没有统一的标准。异构的服务和设备需要彼此协作来共同执行任务。因此,设备和标识的异构性问题会导致智能家居系统的兼容性较差。本文提出了一种基于物联网标识的全新智能家居服务体系架构,明确了智能家居的各参与方及其之间的关系,设计了智能家居服务的具体流程。这种架构可以在对现有的智能家居产品不做额外改变的前提下,实现不同产品之间的互连互通,提高智能家居系统的兼容性和可扩展性。     

ISO质量管理体系在水文领域的创新性应用

从践行"大水文"理念、满足社会需求和自身发展的角度,阐述了水利部长江水利委员会水文局率先自发导入ISO质量管理体系的动因,介绍了运用PDCA过程方法和系统管理方法构建质量管理体系、改进质量管理模式的创新性思路与做法,以及所取得的成效和仍需持续改进的问题,用自身实践证明了ISO 9000质量管理体系标准是一种很好的质量管理方式,值得推广。     

多特征证据理论融合的视觉词典构建

现有的视觉词典构建方法一般是将多个特征构成整个向量并通过聚类形成视觉词典,这种方法在视觉聚类的过程中只考虑了特征的整体相似性而忽略了不同特征对构建视觉词典的影响。提出了一种基于Dempster-Shafer（D-S）证据理论的多特征融合的视觉词典构建方法。该方法应用证据理论融合不同特征的视觉相似性,构造出更加精确的视觉词典。在证据理论的基础上,使用两种特征实现了对视觉词典的再分,使得相似的特征更好地集中在一类中。与传统视觉词典构建方法相比,本文方法获得了更好的结果。应用以上视觉词典构造方法并将之应用于分类实验,在支持向量机与朴素贝叶斯分类器上取得的分类实验结果表明,应用本文方法构建的视觉词典能有效提高视觉词典的精确度,分类效果得到了很大的提高。     

计算机视觉在精密模具破损检测系统的应用

在图像准确检测问题的研究中,由于在高精密仪器中,各种损伤极其细微,传统的利用模具高斯曲线拟合检测技术在进行这种破损检测时,往往会因为破损部位过小,造成特征混淆,特征寻优过程陷入不收敛的境地,从而降低了精密模具破损检测的准确性.为了避免上述缺陷,提出了一种边缘像素定位的精密模具破损检测算法.利用像素灰度差值方法,提取精密模具图像的像素特征,并将其作为精密模具破损检测的数据基础.利用一种边缘像素定位方法,计算精密模具破损区域边缘的空间位置,从而实现精密模具的破损检测.实验结果表明,利用改进算法进行精密模具破损检测,能够提高检测的精度,从而满足精密模具生产过程中质量检测的需求.     

Android3.0内存管理机制分析

Android是当代移动设备上运行的最流行的操作系统之一。Android 3.0基于Linux 2.6内核版本并在各方面都作了很大的改进,针对Android内存管理,剖析了3.0版本使用的新技术,同时提出了改进的途径。