Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Interaction With DNA of N,N'-(Butane-1,4-Diyl)Bis(Guanidinium) Tetrachloroplatinate (II)

The design, synthesis, crystal structure and interaction with DNA of the N,N'-(butane-1,4-diyl)bis(guanidinium) tetrachloroplatinate(ll) are described. Crystal data: a = 8.152(1), b = 8.889(4), c = 10.700(3) A , alpha = 81.59(3), beta = 87.99(5), gamma = 78.48(6) degrees , V = 752(1) A(3), Z = 2 , space group P-1. The structure was refined to R = 0.039 and Rw = 0.046 from 1853 reflections (I > 3sigma(I)). This compound, named PtC(4)Gua, does not exhibit a center of symmetry and the center linker chain C(2) - C(3) - C(4) - C(5) is in gauche conformation. The cation is bisprotonated with the H(+) attached to the imine group of each terminal guanidinium function. The presence of the platinum moiety reinforces the binding of the butane(bis)guanidinium structure with double stranded DNA as judged from thermal denaturation studies and DNA unwinding experiments.     

Experimental investigation on built-up columns

This study presents a direct experimental verification of the AISC-LRFD slenderness ratio formulas for built-up compression members. Comparisons of slenderness ratios as specified in various design codes including the AISC-ASD, the AISC-LRFD, the AS-4100 and the CSA S16-01, are also provided. Test results concluded from this study show that the 1999 LRFD formulas generally result in conservative design strengths. However, the 2005 LRFD yields slightly higher strength due to the use of a higher resistance factor of 0.9 instead of 0.85. The design strengths determined based on the slenderness ratio formulas of the Australian Code (AS-4100) are even more conservative. For back-to-back snug-tight bolted sections, the Canadian Code (CSA S16-01) gives virtually the same design outcome as the LRFD. While for back-to-back welded sections, the CSA S16-01 tends to yield a less conservative design.     

Fabrication of nanodot plasmonic waveguide structures using FIB milling and electron beam‐induced deposition

Fabrication of metallic Au nanopillars and linear arrays of Au‐containing nanodots for plasmonic waveguides is reported in this article by two different processes—focused ion beam (FIB) milling of deposited thin films and electron beam‐induced deposition (EBID) of metallic nanostructures from an organometallic precursor gas. Finite difference time domain (FDTD) modeling of electromagnetic fields around metallic nanostructures was used to predict the optimal size and spacing between nanostructures useful for plasmonic waveguides. Subsequently, a multi‐step FIB fabrication method was developed for production of metallic nanorods and nanopillars of the size and geometry suggested by the results of the FDTD simulations. Nanostructure fabrication was carried out on planar substrates including Au‐coated glass, quartz, and mica slides as well as cleaved 4‐mode optical fibers. In the second fabrication process, EBID was utilized for the development of similar nanostructures on planar Indium Tin Oxide and Titanium‐coated glass substrates. Each method allows formation of nanostructures such that the plasmon resonances associated with the nanostructures could be engineered and precisely controlled by controlling the nanostructure size and shape. Linear arrays of low aspect ratio nanodot structures ranging in diameter between 50–70 nm were fabricated using EBID. Preliminary dark field optical microscopy demonstrates differences in the plasmonic response of the fabricated structures. SCANNING 31: 139–146, 2009. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

A novel inverse modeling control for piezo positioning stage

Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology - This paper focuses on the application of a novel inverse nonlinear autoregressive with exogenous input (NARX) structure and a fuzzy inference system...     

Dinh Van珠宝——香港国际金融中心/利园商场店

<正>法国珠宝商、Jean Dinh Van,是世界知名的珠宝商卡地亚(Cartier)的学徒。1965年,Dinh Van在巴黎推出其同名珠宝品牌时,他就想创建一个集人性化、活泼、有性格的珠宝品牌,而最重要的是这些珠宝要能体现出现代的元素。正是基于这种理念,Stefarno Tordiglione Design设计了在香港国际金融中心和利园商场两家当代珠宝店。     

新型红砖GRC复合板幕墙设计介绍

本文介绍了一种新型红砖GRC复合板幕墙的结构构造、施工要点和试验检验方案,供同类工程参考。     

Using Genetic Algorithms to Optimize Stopping Patterns for Passenger Rail Transportation

In a passenger railroad system, the stopping pattern optimization problem determines the train stopping strategy, taking into consideration multiple train classes, station types, and customer origin‐destination (OD) demand, to maximize the profit made by a rail company. The stopping pattern is traditionally decided by rule of thumb, an approach that leaves much room for improvement. In this article, we propose an integer program for this problem and provide a systematic approach to determining the optimal train stopping pattern for a rail company. Commonly used commercial optimization packages cannot solve this complex problem efficiently, especially when problems of realistic size need to be solved. Therefore, we develop two genetic algorithms, namely binary‐coded genetic algorithm (BGA) and integer‐coded genetic algorithm (IGA). In many of the past evolutionary programming studies, the chromosome was coded using the binary alphabet as BGA. The encoding and genetic operators of BGA are straightforward and relatively easy to implement. However, we show that it is difficult for the BGA to converge to feasible solutions for the stopping pattern optimization problem due to the complex solution space. Therefore, we propose an IGA with new encoding mechanism and genetic operators. Numerical results show that the proposed IGA can solve real‐world problems that are beyond the reach of commonly used optimization packages.     

Current status of existing railway bridges in Vietnam: An overview of steel deficiencies

Currently, the deterioration of bridge conditions is causing many problems. Therefore, the work reported in this paper was carried out to survey the present condition of railway bridges in Vietnam, concentrating on steel deficiencies. Literature reviews were initiated to identify common defects with site inspections and personal interviews to ascertain their validity. Finding the defects draws an overall picture of Vietnamese railway bridges that are in poor physical condition, thus providing poor serviceability. Besides structural failure, local defects were already identified, consisting of corrosion, fatigue, functional obsolescence and aging. New problems that have been identified are human invasions and missing elements. It is widely considered that overload, collision impacts, adverse climate conditions and poor maintenance are the main causes. Additionally, this paper includes previous wars, improper data keeping, and elemental burglary as country-specific causes. It suggests that maintenance efforts should be prioritized to eliminate these deficiencies. Trained maintenance crews need to be established and further research should be carried out to create an adequate maintenance management system in Vietnam.     

Collineation measurement: A method for constructing the imperial citadel of Thang Long in harmony with nature

The Imperial Citadel of Thang Long is a crucial case in ancient Vietnam’s planning and design history. Although historical materials indicate that the orientation of the Imperial Citadel of Thang Long has a dialectical unity relationship with the surroundingmountains, current research is only speculative generalization and lacks empirical analysis. Based on existing findings, this paper identifies the collineation measurement as a generalmethod in the Sinosphere countries for determining spatial orientation. Using a mixed-method of historical archives, fieldwork and simulation model, this paper summarizeshistorical cluesandthreedesignperspectives related to spatial orientation by statistical analysis. Further, it analyzes the logic and application of collineation measurement in constructing the Imperial Citadel of Thang Long. The results show that Vietnamese designers used Tàn Viên Mountain as a component of Thang Long city by collineating the twomountain peaks to the west. Tàn Viên Mountain and the highlands extending eastward fromit are used as the key to establishing the position of the Imperial Citadel, setting the spatial structure of human settlements, and the development of city space. The location, layout, and formof important buildings in the Imperial Citadel are also closely related to the surrounding landscape within 50 km.     

Extended Domain of Existence for PSCs in Superconductors

By means of nanosecond pulse techniques, we have studied the current-induced dissipation in one-dimensional superconducting bridges, namely, metallic and high-T _c films. It is well known that narrow strips dissipate through phase-slip centers (PSC) close to T _c, or hot spots (HS) at low T, rather than by flux flow. When driven by step pulses of current, PSC give stable voltages, while HS produce a voltage linearly changing with time. By using two-step pulses of current, we have studied the decay of a HS into another HS, or a PSC, or into a zero-resistance state. It was thus found possible to reach the PSC state at arbitrary low temperatures.