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Philipp Gutruf Eike Zeller Sumeet Walia Hussein Nili Sharath Sriram Madhu Bhaskaran 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2015,11(35):4532-4539
The concept of realizing electronic applications on elastically stretchable “skins” that conform to irregularly shaped surfaces is revolutionizing fundamental research into mechanics and materials that can enable high performance stretchable devices. The ability to operate electronic devices under various mechanically stressed states can provide a set of unique functionalities that are beyond the capabilities of conventional rigid electronics. Here, a distinctive microtectonic effect enabled oxygen‐deficient, nanopatterned zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films on an elastomeric substrate are introduced to realize large area, stretchable, transparent, and ultraportable sensors. The unique surface structures are exploited to create stretchable gas and ultraviolet light sensors, where the functional oxide itself is stretchable, both of which outperform their rigid counterparts under room temperature conditions. Nanoscale ZnO features are embedded in an elastomeric matrix function as tunable diffraction gratings, capable of sensing displacements with nanometre accuracy. These devices and the microtectonic oxide thin film approach show promise in enabling functional, transparent, and wearable electronics. 相似文献
13.
A formal model of atomicity in asynchronous systems 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Summary We propose a generalisation of occurrence graphs as a formal model of computational structure. The model is used to define the atomic occurrence of a program, to characterise interference freeness between programs, and to model error recovery in a decentralised system. 相似文献
14.
Aminuddin A. Kayani Adam F. Chrimes Khashayar Khoshmanesh Vijay Sivan Eike Zeller Kourosh Kalantar-zadeh Arnan Mitchell 《Microfluidics and nanofluidics》2011,11(1):93-104
This work demonstrates an optofluidic system, where dielectrophoretically controlled suspended nanoparticles are used to manipulate
the properties of an optical waveguide. This optofluidic device is composed of a multimode polymeric rib waveguide and a microfluidic
channel as its upper cladding. This channel integrates dielectrophoretic (DEP) microelectrodes and is infiltrated with suspended
silica and tungsten trioxide nanoparticles. By applying electrical signals with various intensities and frequencies to the
DEP microelectrodes, the nanoparticles can be concentrated close to the waveguide surface significantly altering the optical
properties in this region. Depending on the particle refractive indices, concentrations, positions and dimensions, the light
remains confined or is scattered into the surrounding media in the microfluidic channel. 相似文献
15.
Cholesterol gallstone induction in hamsters reflects strain differences in plasma lipoproteins and bile acid profiles 总被引:4,自引:4,他引:0
Because different strains of hamsters vary in their susceptibility to gallstones, the relationship between plasma lipoproteins,
hepatic cholesterol, bile lipids and bile acid profile was examined during gallstone induction in strains of male Syrian hamsters
from Charles River Lakeview (CHR), Biobreeder F1B (BIO) and Harlan Sprague-Dawley (HAR). Gallstones were induced by feeding a purified diet containing 0.4 or 0.8% cholesterol
for 5 wk. Basal plasma total cholesterol was similar, but the hypercholesterolemia induced by dietary challenge was significantly
lower in CHR than in HAR and BIO hamsters. Cholesterol-fed CHR hamsters transported cholesterol mainly in HDL (47%), whereas
VLDL-C+IDL-C predominated in BIO and HAR hamsters, and their HDL transported only 28 and 38%, respectively. HAR hamsters accumulated
the most hepatic cholesterol, revealed the highest cholate/cheno ratio, the lowest glycine/taurine ratio and hydrophobicity
index. HAR also developed the fewest cholesterol gallstones (23%), while 64% of CHR and 58% of BIO hamsters had cholesterol
gallstones and 34% of BIO hamsters developed pigment stones. Doubling dietary cholesterol from 0.4 to 0.8% doubled the incidence
of cholesterol gallstones but exerted minimal impact on other parameters compared to strain differences. Thus, different strains
of hamsters vary considerably with respect to biliary cholesterol, bile acid profile and formation of cholesterol gallstones
associated with differences in plasma lipoprotein profiles. 相似文献
16.
We show that the widely deployed RSA-OAEP encryption scheme of Bellare and Rogaway (Eurocrypt 1994), which combines RSA with two rounds of an underlying Feistel network whose hash ( i.e., round) functions are modeled as random oracles, meets indistinguishability under chosen-plaintext attack (IND-CPA) in the standard model based on simple, non-interactive, and non-interdependent assumptions on RSA and the hash functions. To prove this, we first give a result on a more general notion called “padding-based” encryption, saying that such a scheme is IND-CPA if (1) its underlying padding transform satisfies a “fooling" condition against small-range distinguishers on a class of high-entropy input distributions, and (2) its trapdoor permutation is sufficiently lossy as defined by Peikert and Waters (STOC 2008). We then show that the first round of OAEP satisfies condition (1) if its hash function is t-wise independent for t roughly proportional to the allowed message length. We clarify that this result requires the hash function to be keyed, and for its key to be included in the public key of RSA-OAEP. We also show that RSA satisfies condition (2) under the \(\Phi \)-Hiding Assumption of Cachin et al. (Eurocrypt 1999). This is the first positive result about the instantiability of RSA-OAEP. In particular, it increases confidence that chosen-plaintext attacks are unlikely to be found against the scheme. In contrast, RSA-OAEP’s predecessor in PKCS #1 v1.5 was shown to be vulnerable to such attacks by Coron et al. (Eurocrypt 2000). 相似文献
17.
Werner Bonrath Alois Haas Eike Hoppmann Thomas Netscher Horst Pauling Frank Schager Angela Wildermann 《Advanced Synthesis \u0026amp; Catalysis》2002,344(1):37-39
The synthesis of (all‐rac)‐α‐tocopherol starting from trimethylhydroquinone and isophytol using fluorinated NH‐acidic catalysts is described. Scope and limitations of this type of catalysts are discussed. Advantages of this new procedure are high yield and selectivity, no waste problem and mild reaction conditions. Best results in the synthesis of (all‐rac)‐α‐tocopherol (94% yield) using NH‐acidic compounds are obtained in polar solvents. The used catalyst could be recovered. 相似文献
18.
Kastl K Menke M Lüthgens E Faiss S Gerke V Janshoff A Steinem C 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2006,7(1):106-115
The kinetics of annexin A1 binding to solid-supported lipid bilayers consisting of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC)/1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine (POPS; 4:1) has been investigated as a function of the calcium ion concentration in the bulk phase. Quartz crystal microbalance measurements in conjunction with scanning force microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, and computer simulations indicate that at a given Ca2+ concentration annexin A1 adsorbs irreversibly on membrane domains enriched in POPS. By contrast, annexin A1 adsorbs reversibly on the POPC-enriched phase, which is composed of single POPS molecules embedded within a POPC matrix. The overall area occupied by the POPS-enriched phase is controlled by the CaCl2 concentration. Monte Carlo simulations suggest that the area of the POPS-enriched phase increases by a factor of 7 when the Ca2+ concentration is changed from 0.01 to 1 mM. 相似文献
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