The effect of recycling number on the mechanical,chemical, thermal,and rheological properties of PBT/PC/ABS ternary blends: With and without glass‐fiber

The recycling possibilities of poly(butylene terephthalate)/polycarbonate/acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (PBT/PC/ABS) ternary blend with and without glass‐fiber content were investigated using repeated injection molding process. In this study, PBT/PC/ABS ternary blends were reprocessed at five times and the results were presented after each recycling process. The recycling possibility of PBT/PC/ABS ternary blend was evaluated by measuring the mechanical, chemical, thermal, and rheological properties. Mechanical properties were determined by the tensile strength, yield strength, strain at break, elastic modulus, impact strength, flexural strength, and flexural modulus. Chemical and thermal properties were evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermal gravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. Rheological properties of the ternary blends were studied by melt flow index measurement. From the results, it was found that mechanical properties of recycled composites were better than virgin PBT/PC/ABS ternary blends. POLYM. COMPOS., 35:2074–2084, 2014. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers     

High‐performance hybrid information service architecture

We introduce a distributed high‐performance Information Service Architecture, which forms a metadata replica hosting system to manage both highly dynamic small‐scale metadata and relatively large static metadata associated with Grid/Web Services. We present an empirical evaluation of the proposed architecture and investigate its practical usefulness. The results demonstrate that the proposed system achieves high performance and fault tolerance with negligible processing overheads. The results also indicate that efficient decentralized hybrid Information Service Architectures can be built by utilizing publish‐subscribe‐based messaging schemes. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Microhardness of ceramics produced from different alumina nanopowders by different techniques

Fine-grained ceramics (with a grain size on the order of a micron) have been produced by the spark plasma sintering (SPS) of various alumina nanopowders. We have compared the microhardness of ceramic samples prepared from 11 alumina nanopowders and that of composites based on such powders. The ceramics have been prepared by both SPS and a conventional technique (sequential pressing and sintering). We examine the effect of the phase composition and average particle size of the starting nanopowder on the microhardness of the ceramics.     

Investigation into the froth flotation and selection of reagents on the basis of the mechanism of their action report 2. A comparison of flotation properties of millimeter,micrometer, and nanometer bubbles based on equations of capillary physics (Part Two)

The influence of the capillary pressure P _ca of gas in microbubbles on bubble spread over a substrate (particle) after adhesion is considered (for bubbles ranging in size from 2 mm to 20 nm). The dimensionless parameter K _a characterizes the microbubble spread with decrease in the bubble form factor β by no more than 0.000001 of its initial value. There is a clear symbatic relation between P _ca and K _a. The microbubble begins to spread when it measures 200 μm; its motion increases markedly as it becomes smaller. With decrease in bubble size, the rock and slurry particles adhering to its surface are removed. Of course, this enhances the foam quality.     

Triple point in spatially limited systems: Small particles and pores

A general thermodynamic approach is presented towards a triple point shift in arbitrary spatially limited systems with a curvilinear interface, including interfacial phases, small particles, and matter in pores. The suggested approach is based on using the coupling equations for vapor pressure over the bulk and spatially limited media together with the Clausius-Clapeyron relationships, and allows one to explain the effect of different physical-chemical parameters on the value and sign of the shift in the phase transition temperature. Besides, an explanation was offered within the developed theory for the difference in the melting points of different crystal faces, the presence of a nanometer melt layer for the substance in fine pores, and the formation of premolten or presolidified shell about nanoparticles.     

The effects of alternating current electrocoagulation on dye removal from aqueous solutions

The main goal of this study is to investigate the effects of alternating current (AC) on dye removal from aqueous solutions by electrocoagulation (EC). An EC system with parallel-connected aluminium electrodes was operated in batch mode. Two different aqueous dye solutions were used: one was obtained from Dianix Yellow CC (DY) and the other was obtained using Procion Yellow (PY). The experiments employing direct current (DC) were carried out using a DC power supply. The AC experiments were conducted using rectangular wave, which is produced with an adjustable time relay connected to the output of DC power supply. This current is called alternating pulse current (APC) in order to refer AC system in this study. Total organic carbon (TOC) and dye removal efficiencies were measured to assess treatment efficiency. Operating cost was calculated for both power supply systems and alternating pulse current was found superior to direct current for the treatment of reactive and disperse dyes used in this study.     

Synthesis and characterization of uv-curable acrylated urethane prepolymers,I. Effects of reactive diluents and relative humidity on physical properties

A UV-curable acrylated urethane prepolymer was synthesized from tolylene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI), a polyether polyol (Arcol 1131) and endcapped with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) by addition reaction in the presence of dibutyltin dilaurate as catalyst. UV curing was performed with either diethylene glycol diacrylate or thiodiethylene glycol diacrylate as reactive diluent. The effects of reactive diluent types, their concentrations and the humidity of environment on mechanical properties of cured films were investigated. Changes in the tensile strength, elongation and Young's modulus values of the cured films upon addition of reactive diluents with different concentrations were related to the effect of the diluent on the crosslinking density of cured films. The increase of relative humidity from 50 to 95% caused a decrease of tensile strength and Young's modulus values of cured films. It is proposed that the decrease of these physical properties in high relative humidity is due to the formation of hydrogen bonding in polymer chains caused by water molecules.     

Effect of barrier-layer deposition conditions on reliability of on-chip wiring

An experimental investigation is carried out to evaluate the reliability of on-chip aluminum wiring in relation to the conditions of barrier-layer deposition, with the barrier material being polycrystalline or amorphous silicon produced by pyrolyzing silane. The highest values of electromigration activation energy in the conductor are achieved with hydrogenated amorphous silicon, deposited at a suitably reduced temperature. For wiring patterns lying on a complex topography, the influence of steps on the electrical performance of wires is found to be the main factor in wiring reliability.     

Formation of type-II InAs/GaSb strained short-period superlattices for IR photodetectors by molecular beam epitaxy

The interaction of the GaSb(001) surface with fluxes of As₂, As₄, and Sb₄ molecules is studied using reflection high-energy electron diffraction. It is shown that As₂ molecules interact with a GaSb surface predominantly by an exchange mechanism, and As₄ molecules by the vacancy mechanism. It is established that for the reproducible generation of In-Sb heterointerfaces in InAs/GaSb superlattices, one needs to use a flux of As₄ molecules rather than As₂ molecules.