高压静电分选技术在回收废旧电路板中的研究进展

高压静电分选是利用物质的导电特性、介电常数差异,使静电力、重力、离心力等有效地作用在所有粒子上而实现分选,具有高效、低耗、环境友好等显著优点,是废旧电路板无害化处理和资源化利用的先进技术之一。分析了高压静电分选机的工作原理,结合对电场及空间电荷分布的研究和颗粒荷电及动力学过程研究的新进展,总结了应用于废旧电路板回收的高压电选机设备及工艺流程,并提出了该技术在废旧电路板回收再利用方面的一些新动向。     

分子印迹膜SPR传感器检测氯磺隆的方法

研究使用了中国科学院电子学研究所自行研制的高灵敏度单通道SPR分析仪和进样装置,仪器为棱镜耦合型SPR传感器结构,其检测角度范围是40°～70°,折射率检测范围为1.04～1.47,谐振角的精度在0.001°。适用于SPR分析仪的分子印迹芯片采用PVC-MIP共聚膜法制备,SPR角度扫描结果表明,200nm以下厚度芯片具有较好的SPR吸收特性。以氯磺隆为模板的分子印迹膜与不加氯磺隆的分子印迹膜对比实验发现前者具有特异性结合的能力。实验对浓度0.1,0.2,0.5和1μg/mL的氯磺隆进行了SPR定点检测,这四种浓度氯磺隆的折射率响应信号满足线性关系,相关系数R=0.996 4。实验中对低浓度的氯磺隆进行反复检测,检测到50ng/mL的氯磺隆,满足农残检测的要求。     

槽波地震“透射-反射”联合法在回采工作面地质构造探测中的应用

煤矿工作面回采过程中无计划揭露地质构造将造成人员伤亡和财产损失,严重影响煤矿安全生产,为提前探明其赋存规律,针对典型回采工作面,采用槽波地震“透射-反射”联合法进行地质构造精细化探测。结果表明:槽波地震透射法探测对采面内陷落柱的反应良好,可以高精度控制陷落柱的影响区域,且偏差小于20 m;槽波地震反射法探测对采面内走向型断层的反应良好,可以找到采面内断距大于1.5 m的近走向型断层的发育位置及延伸长度;综合利用槽波地震“透射-反射”联合法进行采面地质构造精细化探测,可提升探测准确率,对于直径30 m以上陷落柱和断距大于1.5 m近走向断层的探测准确率可提高至80%以上。     

Analytically Unobservable Failure Events

Based on computational approximations, product designers routinely simplify algebraic expressions of complex transfer functions, which, in turn, simplify post-design analysis. This practice is justified because both the simplified and actual transfer functions yield approximately equal average performance values. However, utilizing the design of a switching regulator circuit, it is shown that such simplified expressions underestimate output variation. The discrepancy between the actual and underestimated output variation spans an analytically unobservable failure event. Since the observable portion constitutes a partial characterization of product unreliability and quality problems, only a partial solution is possible at the design stage. This severely limits the effectiveness of concurrent product design, reliability, and quality assurance methodologies that are based on variation modeling and analysis.     

氮-磷-氯型皮革阻燃复鞣剂的合成及应用

选取亚磷酸二甲酯与丙烯酰胺在甲醇钠的催化作用下反应,制得中间体3-二甲氧磷酰基丙酰胺,后再利用中间体与环氧氯丙烷反应,合成出具有复鞣性能的氮-磷-氯皮革阻燃复鞣剂。讨论了反应物配比、反应温度、反应时间等条件对聚合反应的影响,确定了最佳反应条件:中间体与环氧氯丙烷的摩尔比为1.0:1.5,反应温度为100℃,反应时间为6h。将该合成的阻燃复鞣剂施加于皮革复鞣工段,利用阻燃检测法测试皮革的阻燃性能,试验发现,所得皮革制品的氧指数、有焰燃烧时间、无焰燃烧时间、烟密度、燃烧速率,均比未施加阻燃复鞣剂有显著提高,且所得制品在感官指标和力学方面,均比未施加阻燃复鞣剂的皮革有显著提高。     

Influence of Droplet Charge on the Chemical Stability of Citral in Oil-in-Water Emulsions

Abstract: The chemical stability of citral, a flavor component widely used in beverage, food, and fragrance products, in oil-in-water emulsions stabilized by surfactants with different charge characteristics was investigated. Emulsions were prepared using cationic (lauryl alginate, LAE), non-ionic (polyoxyethylene (23) lauryl ether, Brij 35), and anionic (sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS) surfactants at pH 3.5. The citral concentration decreased over time in all the emulsions, but the rate of decrease depended on surfactant type. After 7 d storage, the citral concentrations remaining in the emulsions were around 60% for LAE- or Brij 35-stabilized emulsions and 10% for SDS-stabilized emulsions. An increase in the local proton (H⁺) concentration around negatively charged droplet surfaces may account for the more rapid citral degradation observed in SDS-stabilized emulsions. A strong metal ion chelator (EDTA), which has previously been shown to be effective at increasing the oxidative stability of labile components, had no effect on citral stability in LAE- or Brij 35-stabilized emulsions, but it slightly decreased the initial rate of citral degradation in SDS-stabilized emulsions. These results suggest the surfactant type used to prepare emulsions should be controlled to improve the chemical stability of citral in emulsion systems.     

220kV屋内GIS非常规布置与户外配电装置布置的比较

针对220 kV屋内SF6绝缘全封闭组合电器的非常规布置,论述了其相对屋外分相配电装置的优缺点,以及其在特殊条件下的不可替代的优势。     

基于互信息与梯度融合的多源图像匹配技术研究

对红外和可见光探测器获取同一场景的两幅图像进行配准融合,可增强对场景图像的理解和分析.互信息由于包含两图像灰度的熵和联合熵,可用于计算两图像灰度信息的相关性,适于作为多源图像匹配的测度.互信息匹配无需对图像进行预处理,但是,作为一种统计型测度,互信息忽略了图像像素间的空间信息,易陷入局部极值而出现误匹配.为此,文章提出了一种融合梯度信息的配准方法,同时考虑了两图像间的灰度统计相关性和像元灰度的局部空间变化信息,提高了多源图像匹配的精度和鲁棒性.最后通过实际图像进行匹配试验,验证了算法的正确性和有效性.     

Derivation of a Retinoid X Receptor Scaffold from Peroxisome Proliferator‐Activated Receptor γ Ligand 1‐Di(1H‐indol‐3‐yl)methyl‐4‐trifluoromethylbenzene

PPARγ agonist DIM‐Ph‐4‐CF ₃ , a template for RXRα agonist (E)‐3‐[5‐di(1‐methyl‐1H‐indol‐3‐yl)methyl‐2‐thienyl] acrylic acid: DIM‐Ph‐CF₃ is reported to inhibit cancer growth independent of PPARγ and to interact with NR4A1. As both receptors dimerize with RXR, and natural PPARγ ligands activate RXR, DIM‐Ph‐4‐CF₃ was investigated as an RXR ligand. It displaces 9‐cis‐retinoic acid from RXRα but does not activate RXRα. Structure‐based direct design led to an RXRα agonist.

     

异辛酸锂汽油抗爆剂的制备及应用

采用异辛酸与氢氧化锂反应制备异辛酸锂抗爆剂,通过正交设计对反应条件进行了优化,在LiOH与异辛酸摩尔比为1:1、反应时间为4 h、反应温度为70 ℃时产品的质量收率最高,达93%。利用FT-IR对合成产品的结构进行表征,并对增溶剂配方进行了考察。当混合增溶剂 [V（甲醇）∶V（MTBE）∶V（DMC）∶V（异丙醇）∶V（混合甲酚）=4∶2∶1∶1∶1]和异辛酸锂的质量分数分别为85%和15%时异辛酸锂可以与汽油互溶。在油溶性和腐蚀性合格的前提下,对加剂后汽油的辛烷值进行了测定,结果表明,当复合抗爆剂在直馏汽油、催化裂化汽油和90号汽油中的添加量（w）均为2%时,三种汽油的研究法辛烷值分别提高10.7,3.2和2.8个单位。