接触式智能卡的嵌入式系统攻击平台设计

为了对接触式智能卡的安全性进行研究,搭建了一个多功能的接触式智能卡的嵌入式系统攻击平台,作为开放、可控的目标芯片激励平台;文中给出了具体的实现方案,尤其对智能卡接口电路、读卡器接口电路以及控制模块的设计进行了详细阐述;该平台可以模拟智能卡和读卡器的功能,与真实的智能卡或者读卡器通信,实施中间人攻击、产生侧信道攻击所需的触发信号、向卡片的电源和时钟施加扰动。通过该平台的使用,还可对智能卡芯片安全性设计进行FPGA验证;该方案具有灵活性强、成本低、高效率等优点,可以用于侧信道攻击、故障攻击、密码芯片安全性测试等领域,提高工作效率。     

基于多边限定的室内定位方法设计与系统实现

随着基于位置服务（Location Based Services，LBS）的发展与智能移动设备的普及，室内定位算法与系统受到了广泛研究与关注。为提高室内定位精度、增强系统鲁棒性，提出了基于多边限定的fingerprint定位方法。基于Wi-Fi RSSI（Received Signal Strength Indication）信号处理建立离线fingerprint数据库；通过对拟合距离-RSSI函数分析，提出了多边限定的方法确定一个最佳参考点（Reference Point，RP）集合，缩小在线定位阶段的搜索范围。在此基础上，再利用fingerprint定位方法进行定位。此外，实现了基于提出方法的室内定位系统原型用于算法性能评估。通过大量真实场景实验分析、验证了相较于传统fingerprint方法，基于多边限定的fingerprint定位方法能有效提高室内定位精度，增强系统鲁棒性。     

Oxidation State Modulation of Bismuth for Efficient Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction to Ammonia

Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is a promising strategy for ammonia (NH₃) production under ambient conditions. However, it is severely impeded by the challenging activation of the NN bond and the competing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), which makes it crucial to design electrocatalysts rationally for efficient NRR. Herein, the rational design of bismuth (Bi) nanoparticles with different oxidation states embedded in carbon nanosheets (Bi@C) as efficient NRR electrocatalysts is reported. The NRR performance of Bi@C improves with the increase of Bi⁰/Bi³⁺ atomic ratios, indicating that the oxidation state of Bi plays a significant role in electrochemical ammonia synthesis. As a result, the Bi@C nanosheets annealed at 900  ° C with the optimal oxidation state of Bi demonstrate the best NRR performance with a high NH₃ yield rate and remarkable Faradaic efficiency of 15.10  ± 0.43% at − 0.4 V versus RHE. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the effective modulation of the oxidation state of Bi can tune the p-filling of active Bi sites and strengthen adsorption of *NNH, which boost the potential-determining step and facilitate the electrocatalytic NRR under ambient conditions. This work may offer valuable insights into the rational material design by modulating oxidation states for efficient electrocatalysis.     

Preparation of activated carbon microspheres from phenolic-resin by supercritical water activation

Supercritical water (SCW) has been employed as an efficient activating agent for the preparation of activated carbon microspheres (P-ACS) with developed mesopores from phenolic-resin. Several processing factors that influenced the activation reaction, including activation temperature, activation duration, supercritical pressure and water flow rate were investigated. Increasing activation temperature and duration lead to larger porosity and higher specific surface area as demonstrated in the samples. Supercritical pressure change has little effect on the activation; however, there are indications that a slight increase in mesoporosity can be obtained when the pressure was raised to 36 MPa or higher. Higher water flow rate slightly enhanced the development of microporosity but had little effect on the mesoporosity. Compared with the traditional steam activation, SCW activation can produce P-ACS with more mesoporosity and higher mechanical strength.     

智能井盖的钹式压电发电装置研究

智能井盖的应用减小了人工巡查的难度,降低了人们的生命财产安全风险.该文研究了一种钹式压电能量收集器,有效地提高了智能井盖无线监测节点电池的续航能力,降低了人工巡查的成本.分析了收集器的工作原理,采用ANSYS Workbench软件进行仿真优化,研究了对钹式压电能量收集器输出性能影响的关键因素.加工组装了钹式发电装置样...