An alternative approach to weight function evaluation for an orthotropic crack

The use of the analytically decoupled near-tip displacement solutions as an alternative approach, is presented in this paper for the efficient finite element evaluation of the decoupled weight functions for an orthotropic 2-D crack. This alternative approach has been validated by directly comparing the prior weight function results with a symmetric mesh approach in the crack-tip neighborhood, and indirectly by comparing the calculated stress intensity factors (K_I(II)) values using the computed weight functions with available K_I(II) solutions of the 2-D mixed mode orthotropic cracks. In addition, this approach with analytically decoupled near-tip displacement solutions for calculating weight functions at all locations, can facilitate further extension of weight function evaluations to a more general 2-D anisotropic crack.     

抗坏血酸对核乳胶性能的影响

文章介绍抗坏血酸对核乳胶灵敏度、灰雾密度及潜影衰退性能的影响，并与日本富士ＥＴ－７Ｂ型乳胶的潜影稳定性能在不同温度和相对湿度条件下作相应比较。     

局部剩余偏移与常速叠前偏移成像

如果需要将一个特定局部时空域中的地震反射波归位到它们的实际位置,则我们不必在整个时空域而只需在这个局部时空域对其进行偏移,同样能达到波场归位的目的。其差別仅是采用的速度不同而已.这样能大大地减小偏移的作用区域。采用这种局部偏移的方法进行常速叠前偏移结果的剩余速度偏移,可以完全消除叠前偏移剖面上由于速度变化引起的倾斜反射界面的错断现象。这样在进行叠前偏移时可采用较少的速度个数,减少叠前偏移的计算量。采用该方法作剩余速度偏移可以减少波场成像时的计算量,从而使得常速叠前偏移成为一种处理效果好、处理效率高的实用处理技术。     

Power Dissipation in Spintronic Devices Out of Thermodynamic Equilibrium

Quantum limits of power dissipation in spintronic computing are estimated. A computing element composed of a single electron in a quantum dot is considered. Dynamics of its spin due to external magnetic field and interaction with adjacent dots are described via the Bloch equations. Spin relaxation due to magnetic noise from various sources is described as coupling to a reservoir. Resulting dissipation of energy is calculated and is shown to be much less than the thermal limit, ∼kT per bit, if the rate of spin relaxation is much slower than the switching rate. Clues on how to engineer an energy efficient spintronic device are provided.     

Assessing the Assessments: Case Study of an Emergency Action Plan for the Control of Water Hyacinth in Lake Victoria

This study evaluates the impact assessment methodologies used by Uganda's Water Hyacinth Control Programme in Lake Victoria, a domestic project with transboundary implications. The Control Programme sought to reduce infestations of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), an aquatic weed native to South America, through the use of integrated chemical, mechanical and biological methods. The environmental impact assessment for the project was conducted by Aquatics Unlimited, with support from the United States Agency for International Development. Although the case study involves a domestic impact assessment, it raised transboundary concerns. One of the major outcomes of the assessment was recognition of the need for informed involvement of the other riparian countries, Kenya and Tanzania, in the assessment process to ensure a regional effort among all three East African Community Partner States to control water hyacinth and other invasive weeds in Lake Victoria.     

Predictors of outcome in LAAM, buprenorphine, and methadone treatment for opioid dependence.

This study examined (1) predictors of treatment outcome for opioid-dependent participants in a single-site controlled trial comparing methadone, buprenorphine, and LAAM treatments and (2) the extent to which various subpopulations of patients may have more successful outcomes with each medication. The relationships between patient demographics, drug use history, and psychological status and outcome measures of treatment retention, opiate use, and cocaine use were assessed. We believe this study to be the first to demonstrate that predictors of treatment success appear to be largely similar in LAAM, buprenorphine, and methadone treatment for opioid dependence. We did not find any factors that would strongly guide selection of one medication over others. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Simulation and optimization of tool-life in manufacturing centers

This paper presents the development of an optimization and a computer-simulation model to evaluate the process plans of a manufacturing center by analyzing the effect of tool failure on system performance. The GPSS/PC simulation program that is used in this study has been built with variables, functions and matrices so that many experiments could be conducted with the model. Sensitivity analysis is presented and the developed model has proven to be useful in determining optimum sequencing of parts for various operating policies.