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排序方式: 共有320条查询结果,搜索用时 14 毫秒
61.
Dimitra C. Bobori Konstantinos Feidantsis Anastasia Dimitriadi Nefeli Datsi Panagiotis Ripis Stavros Kalogiannis Ioannis Sampsonidis Georgia Kastrinaki Nina Maria Ainali Dimitra A. Lambropoulou George Z. Kyzas George Koumoundouros Dimitrios N. Bikiaris Martha Kaloyianni 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(22)
The massive accumulation of plastics over the decades in the aquatic environment has led to the dispersion of plastic components in aquatic ecosystems, invading the food webs. Plastics fragmented into microplastics can be bioaccumulated by fishes via different exposure routes, causing several adverse effects. In the present study, the dose-dependent cytotoxicity of 8–10 μm polypropylene microplastics (PP-MPs), at concentrations of 1 mg/g (low dose) and 10 mg/g dry food (high dose), was evaluated in the liver and gill tissues of two fish species, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) and the freshwater perch (Perca fluviatilis). According to our results, the inclusion of PP-MPs in the feed of D. rerio and P. fluviatilis hampered the cellular function of the gills and hepatic cells by lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, protein ubiquitination, apoptosis, autophagy, and changes in metabolite concentration, providing evidence that the toxicity of PP-MPs is dose dependent. With regard to the individual assays tested in the present study, the biggest impact was observed in DNA damage, which exhibited a maximum increase of 18.34-fold in the liver of D. rerio. The sensitivity of the two fish species studied differed, while no clear tissue specificity in both fish species was observed. The metabolome of both tissues was altered in both treatments, while tryptophan and nicotinic acid exhibited the greatest decrease among all metabolites in all treatments in comparison to the control. The battery of biomarkers used in the present study as well as metabolomic changes could be suggested as early-warning signals for the assessment of the aquatic environment quality against MPs. In addition, our results contribute to the elucidation of the mechanism induced by nanomaterials on tissues of aquatic organisms, since comprehending the magnitude of their impact on aquatic ecosystems is of great importance. 相似文献
62.
Omar Mahmoud Georgia Biazus Soares Gil Yosipovitch 《International journal of molecular sciences》2023,24(1)
Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels are multifunctional sensory molecules that are abundant in the skin and are involved in the sensory pathways of itch, pain, and inflammation. In this review article, we explore the complex physiology of different TRP channels, their role in modulating itch sensation, and their contributions to the pathophysiology of acute and chronic itch conditions. We also cover small molecule and topical TRP channel agents that are emerging as potential anti-pruritic treatments; some of which have shown great promise, with a few treatments advancing into clinical trials—namely, TRPV1, TRPV3, TRPA1, and TRPM8 targets. Lastly, we touch on possible ethnic differences in TRP channel genetic polymorphisms and how this may affect treatment response to TRP channel targets. Further controlled studies on the safety and efficacy of these emerging treatments is needed before clinical use. 相似文献
63.
Georgia Xiromerisiou Chrysoula Marogianni Ioannis C. Lampropoulos Efthimios Dardiotis Matthaios Speletas Panagiotis Ntavaroukas Anastasia Androutsopoulou Fani Kalala Nikolaos Grigoriadis Stamatia Papoutsopoulou 《International journal of molecular sciences》2023,24(1)
One of the major mediators of neuroinflammation in PD is tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), which, similar to other cytokines, is produced by activated microglia and astrocytes. Although TNF-α can be neuroprotective in the brain, long-term neuroinflammation and TNF release can be harmful, having a neurotoxic role that leads to death of oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, and neurons and, therefore, is associated with neurodegeneration. Apart from cytokines, a wide family of molecules with homologous structures, namely chemokines, play a key role in neuro-inflammation by drawing cytotoxic T-lymphocytes and activating microglia. The objective of the current study was to examine the levels of the serum TNF-α and CCL2 (Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2), also known as MCP-1 (Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1), in PD patients compared with healthy controls. We also investigated the associations between the serum levels of these two inflammatory mediators and a number of clinical symptoms, in particular, disease severity and cognition. Such an assessment may point to their prognostic value and provide some treatment hints. PD patients with advanced stage on the Hoehn–Yahr scale showed an increase in TNF-α levels compared with PD patients with stages 1 and 2 (p = 0.01). Additionally, the UPDRS score was significantly associated with TNF-α levels. CCL2 levels, however, showed no significant associations. 相似文献
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65.
Frank E. Jones Georgia L. Harris 《Journal of research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology》1992,97(3):335-340
A new formulation of the density of air-saturated water as a function of temperature on the 1990 International Temperature Scale (ITS-90) is presented. Also, a new equation for calculating isothermal compressibility as a function of temperature on ITS-90 was developed. The equations are to be used to calculate the density of water, in the temperature range 5 to 40 °C on ITS-90, used in the gravimetric determination of the volume of volumetric standards. 相似文献
66.
Yannis Chryssoulakis Jean-Claude Poignet Georgia Manoli 《Journal of Applied Electrochemistry》1987,17(4):857-867
Electrochemical reduction of AlCl3 dissolved in acidic AlCl3-n-butyl-pyridinium chloride melt was studied by linear sweep voltammetry and chronopotentiometry at tungsten and platinum electrodes, in the Al2Cl 7 ? concentration range 0.3 to 0.5 M between 30 and 60°C. Al2Cl 7 ? bulk reduction was preceded by a nucleation (tungsten) or alloy formation phenomenon (platinum). The overall results agree rather well with the mechanism: $$\begin{gathered} 2AlCl_4^ - \rightleftarrows Al_2 Cl_7^ - + Cl^ - \hfill \\ 4Al_2 Cl_7^ - + 3e \rightleftarrows Al + 7AlCl_4^ - \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$ The electrochemical reaction appeared quasi-reversible. Calculated values of the product of the transfer coefficient by the number of the electron exchanged in the rate determining step were in the range 0.45 to 0.7. Diffusion coefficients for Al2Cl 7 ? were calculated. 相似文献
67.
Georgia Sakellari Author Vitae 《Performance Evaluation》2011,68(10):927-937
Reliable networks that provide good service quality are expected to become more crucial in every aspect of communication, especially as the information transferred between network users gets more complex and demanding and as malicious users try to deliberately degrade or altogether deny legitimate network service. The Cognitive Packet Network (CPN) routing protocol provides Quality of Service (QoS) driven routing and performs self-improvement in a distributed manner, by learning from the experience of special packets, which gather on-line QoS measurements and discover new routes. Although CPN is generally very resilient to network changes, it may suffer worse performance during node failures caused by network threats, such as network worms. Here we evaluate the performance of CPN in such crises and compare it with the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) routing protocol, an industry standard and widely used in Internet Protocol networks. We also improve it by introducing a failure detection element that reduces packet loss and delay during failures. Our experiments were performed in a real networking testbed. 相似文献
68.
69.
70.
Ioannis A. Vathiotis Georgia Gomatou Dimitrios J. Stravopodis Nikolaos Syrigos 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(10)
Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) immune checkpoint has long been implicated in modeling antitumor immunity; PD-1/PD-L1 axis inhibitors exert their antitumor effects by relieving PD-L1-mediated suppression on tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes. However, recent studies have unveiled a distinct, tumor-intrinsic, potential role for PD-L1. In this review, we focus on tumor-intrinsic PD-L1 signaling and delve into preclinical evidence linking PD-L1 protein expression with features of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition program, cancer stemness and known oncogenic pathways. We further summarize data from studies supporting the prognostic significance of PD-L1 in different tumor types. We show that PD-L1 may indeed have oncogenic potential and act as a regulator of tumor progression and metastasis. 相似文献