Influence of the fillers in a catalytic system based on SIEL compound

Catalytic polyadditive polymerization of the system based on SIEL compound in the presence of the series of fillers was investigated. Silicon SIEL compounds find wide practical application in fiber, integrated optics, microelectronics, medical equipment, and etc.; the application of SIEL compounds as the basis for the creation of magneto-control composites is a new and perspective direction. The influence of the various fillers on the processes of compound catalytic vulcanization and on the properties of the obtained composites was studied. The influence of the additives on the polymerization rate, process activation energy, and composite physical-mechanical properties after heating at T ≤ 280°C was determined. During investigation of polymerization kinetics on a Brookfield rheometer in the system cone-and-plate in the area of 50–105°C, it was shown that the temperature dependence of the polymerization reaction rate is described by the Arrhenius equation, and activation energy characterizes the inhibiting influence of the additives. The thermostabilizing influence of magnetite additive on composite was defined, which allows to synthesize thermostable elastic composite materials with an operating temperature up to 280°C. The complex of the investigations promotes the optimization of the methods of production and operation of the composites based on SIEL compounds. Polymerization by the polyadditive technique is satisfactorily proceeded on a Pt-catalyst (Karstedt), coated on a polymer silicon support.     

Extended region of “anomalous” acceleration in the cathode jet of a vacuum discharge

It is observed that “anomalous” acceleration of ions in a pulsed vacuum discharge is initiated at a certain distance from the surface of the cathode and takes place in the bulk of the cathode jet. It is established that the average ion energy increases as the length l of the discharge gap increases. Pis’ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 24, 66–70 (February 26, 1998)     

Out of vacuum electron beam welding certain materials

Progress is not only being recorded in relation to finished products. Steelmakers themselves have also worked hard by integrating welding into their strategy.     

Effect of nonmonotonic changing of surface coverage in multisite adsorption models with possibility of different orientations of molecules with respect to solid surface

The reasons for nonmonotonous changing of surface coverage as function of chemical potential in the multisite adsorption models (with allowance for the possibility that molecules can be oriented in a different manner with respect to the solid surface) are revealed in this work. It is demonstrated that this behavior of the surface coverage as function of chemical potential is determined by either the sequence of ordered structures being formed or by the emergence of a stable interface between the ordered phases at temperatures above the tricritical point.     

Cellulose fabric covered with a PVC coating filled with active carbon and a porous semiconductor layer with conductivity depending on adsorption coverage and solvation

A multilayer system that involves cellulose fabric covered with a PVC coating filled with active carbon and a porous layer composed of ethanol cyclams was synthesized and shown to be a high-resistance semiconductor due to the conductive properties of the part that consists of cyclams and active carbon. The effect of the inclusion of active carbon particles in the PVC coating and in the cyclam layer on the composition and structure of the whole system is discovered, and characteristics of the layer are determined. Systems that involve layers saturated with adsorbed vapors of ethanol, benzene, or hexane and those that involve layers solvated by the corresponding liquid solvents are synthesized. Adsorption and solvation are found to increase the electronic conduction of the layers. The specific resistance is shown to increase in a hexane < benzene < ethanol series, which correlates well with the increase in the number of solvent molecules per monomeric unit of the macromolecular ethanol cyclam network in the adsorption-saturated and solvated layers.     

Monitoring the processing of red mud

An approach is developed for quantitative chemical analysis of red mud and its processing products (hot metal and slag). Numerous macrocomponents and impurities may be determined simultaneously, over a wide content range (n × 10?n × 10^?4%), by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), IR-absorption analysis, and gravimetric analysis.     

Linearization of calibration characteristics of capacitance pressure sensors

The nonlinearity of the calibration characteristics of capacitance pressure sensors and the approximation of these characteristics by means of various analytic functions are considered. The resulting approximation errors are estimated. A method and algorithm for digital linearization of the calibration characteristic of a sensor with the use of a cubic spline are proposed.     

Effect of Leakage Flow on Processing of Resinous Mixtures in the Pressure Zone of an Extruder

It is noted that results disagreeing with reality are obtained when familiar mathematical models describing the effect of leakage flow on the processing of a resinous mixture in an extruder channel are used. The material balance in the pressure zone of the extruder, and the influence exerted by leakage flow on the processing of the mixture are examined.The processing regime is analyzed with allowance for leakage flow.__________Translated from Khimicheskoe i Neftegazovoe Mashinostroenie, No. 4, pp. 7–9, April, 2005.     

The effect of transform PVC surface layers into ethanol cyclam nanofilms on the thermodynamic and thermomechanical properties of the material

The effect of forming a polymer-polymer “continuous rigid ethanol cyclam coating-ductile PVC support” system on the thermodynamic and thermomechanical characteristics is studied from the standpoint of variations in the surface layer structure and the ratio of ordered to disordered PVC forms. It is shown that the transforming surface layers of PVC materials in to rigid films provides possibilities for targeted modification of the materials properties by using the methods of nanotechnology.