新型耐酸耐碱胶泥的研制

本文设计了一种新型呋喃树脂。经过试验确定了新型树脂的合成工艺。并用该树脂与固化剂、惰性添料配制了胶泥,测试了其常温、热处理及腐蚀后的胶泥的力学性能、腐蚀率及焦化时间。测试结果表明:该树脂胶泥具有优良的耐酸耐碱性能。     

煤气化技术发展动向

介绍煤气化技术概况。论述近期煤气化技术发展的六大特点,即从装备国产化走向工艺技术国产化,单元技术进步引导全生产线“安稳长满”运行,单炉规模大型化,气化炉内操作压力提高,原料向褐煤发展,气化后两种流程可以组合。提出选用煤气化技术的七项原则：以煤定炉,优先考虑气流床,气化炉规模适中,力求技术成熟、投资低、环保,超大型煤化工装置需要备炉。煤气化技术的选择决定了全装置运行状况的好坏。     

The Study of the Oxidation of a Ti–45Al–2Nb–2Mn–0.2B Alloy in the Investment Casting Using an Yttria Face Coat Mould

Investment casting is an economical method to manufacture near net-shape metal components. Due to the very high thermal and chemical inertness, yttria has been widely used as the mould face coat material for the investment casting of titanium alloy for many years. An investigation was undertaken to study the oxidation behaviour of TiAl alloy during casting in a mould using pure yttria as the face coat. This research shows that the TiAl alloy was still oxidized in the mould during casting when using yttria as the face coat. During high temperature casting, the yttria in the face coat was dissolved by high temperature molten metal flow. The oxygen from the yttria face coat diffused into TiAl and interacts with TiAl to form different microstructure and phases (e.g. precipitates such as oxygen enriched Ti₃Al and Al₂O₃ phases). Meanwhile, the dissolved yttrium was then re-precipitated at the metal interfacial area as yttria inclusions after metal cool down.     

工程设计中实施项目管理和提高运行效率的思考

实施项目管理是解决跨领域复杂问题并实现更高运行效率的重要手段。针对工程设计中如何实施项目管理和提高运行效率方面,总结出了一些方法和措施,为从事工程设计方面的项目管理工作提供了一些参考与借鉴。     

钢渣对硅酸盐水泥熟料形成的影响研究

研究了钢渣代替铁质原料配料对于硅酸盐水泥熟料形成和熟料性能的影响。研究结果表明,钢渣在煅烧温度低于1300℃时对生料易烧性没有促进作用,但是当煅烧温度在1350℃以上时,钢渣对生料易烧性和阿利特的形成均有促进作用。钢渣对熟料岩相结构的影响主要在于钢渣掺入后熟料中阿利特矿物颗粒大小和分布更加均匀,包裹物减少。     

Impacts of Post-metallisation Processes on the Electrical and Photovoltaic Properties of Si Quantum Dot Solar Cells

As an important step towards the realisation of silicon-based tandem solar cells using silicon quantum dots embedded in a silicon dioxide (SiO₂) matrix, single-junction silicon quantum dot (Si QD) solar cells on quartz substrates have been fabricated. The total thickness of the solar cell material is 420 nm. The cells contain 4 nm diameter Si quantum dots. The impacts of post-metallisation treatments such as phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) etching, nitrogen (N₂) gas anneal and forming gas (Ar: H₂) anneal on the cells’ electrical and photovoltaic properties are investigated. The Si QD solar cells studied in this work have achieved an open circuit voltage of 410 mV after various processes. Parameters extracted from dark I–V, light I–V and circular transfer length measurement (CTLM) suggest limiting mechanism in the Si QD solar cell operation and possible approaches for further improvement.     

循环载荷下熟料粉碎耗能研究

对静压和循环载荷下熟料的粉碎耗能进行了试验研究和分析比较,对熟料颗粒群进行了直接压缩、5000~10000N之间循环10次、30次压缩和10 000~20 000N之间循环10次压缩的试验研究。然后基于Rittinger理论、Kick理论和Bond理论对熟料的粉碎耗能进行了评价。结果发现,5 000~10 000N之间循环10次压缩比其他形式的压缩粉碎耗能小。     

The Influence of Bath Components on Deposit and Operational Characteristics in Hard Acid Gold Plating Solutions

This paper describes the influence of bath components, such as buffers, chelates, base metals and organic additives on bath operation and deposits obtained from hard acid gold baths. It also describes the interrelationships between these components.

Buffers are primarily used for pH control of the solution in use, since pH influences the effect of chelates and brighteners.

Chelates can be used to complex out contaminants. They are also used to control effective base metal concentrations as part of the brightener system.

Organic additives, used separately and in conjunction with base metal brighteners, can enhance bright plating ranges and change deposit distribution characteristics.     

Regional Differences in Neuroinflammation-Associated Gene Expression in the Brain of Sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob Disease Patients

Neuroinflammation is an essential part of neurodegeneration. Yet, the current understanding of neuroinflammation-associated molecular events in distinct brain regions of prion disease patients is insufficient to lay the ground for effective treatment strategies targeting this complex neuropathological process. To address this problem, we analyzed the expression of 800 neuroinflammation-associated genes to create a profile of biological processes taking place in the frontal cortex and cerebellum of patients who suffered from sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease. The analysis was performed using NanoString nCounter technology with human neuroinflammation panel+. The observed gene expression patterns were regionally and sub-regionally distinct, suggesting a variable neuroinflammatory response. Interestingly, the observed differences could not be explained by the molecular subtypes of sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease. Furthermore, analyses of canonical pathways and upstream regulators based on differentially expressed genes indicated an overlap between biological processes taking place in different brain regions. This suggests that even smaller-scale spatial data reflecting subtle changes in brain cells’ functional heterogeneity and their immediate pathologic microenvironments are needed to explain the observed differential gene expression in a greater detail.     

Raw Milk-Induced Protection against Food Allergic Symptoms in Mice Is Accompanied by Shifts in Microbial Community Structure

The mechanism underlying the allergy-protective effects of raw cow’s milk is still unknown, but the modulation of the gut microbiome may play a role. The effects of consuming raw cow’s milk or processed milk on fecal microbial communities were therefore characterized in an experimental murine model. C3H/HeOuJ mice were treated with raw milk, pasteurized milk, skimmed raw milk, pasteurized milk supplemented with alkaline phosphatase (ALP), or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for eight days prior to sensitization and challenge with ovalbumin (OVA). Fecal samples were collected after milk exposure and after OVA sensitization, and microbiomes were characterized using 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon sequencing. Treatment with raw milk prior to OVA sensitization increased the relative abundance of putative butyrate-producing bacteria from the taxa Lachnospiraceae UCG-001, Lachnospiraceae UCG-008, and Ruminiclostridium 5 (Clostridial clusters XIVa and IV), while it decreased the relative abundance of Proteobacterial genera such as Parasutterella, a putative pro-inflammatory bacterial genus. This effect was observed after eight days of raw milk exposure and became more pronounced five weeks later, after allergic sensitization in the absence of milk. Similar trends were observed after treatment with skimmed raw milk. Conversely, the feeding of pasteurized milk led to a loss of allergy protection and a putative dysbiotic microbiome. The addition of ALP to pasteurized milk restored the protective effect observed with raw milk and mitigated some of the microbial community alterations associated with milk pasteurization. Raw milk-induced protection against food allergic symptoms in mice is accompanied by an increased relative abundance of putative butyrate-producing Clostridiales and a decreased relative abundance of putative pro-inflammatory Proteobacteria. Given the safety concerns regarding raw milk consumption, this knowledge is key for the development of new, microbiologically safe, preventive strategies to reduce the incidence of allergic diseases.