Engineering a Nanoscale Al‐MOF‐Armored Antigen Carried by a “Trojan Horse”‐Like Platform for Oral Vaccination to Induce Potent and Long‐Lasting Immunity

Vaccination via the oral administration of an antigen faces many challenges, including gastrointestinal (GI) proteolysis and mucosal barriers. To limit GI proteolysis, a biomimetically mineralized aluminum‐based metal–organic framework (Al‐MOF) system that is resistant to ambient temperature and pH and can act synergistically as a delivery vehicle and an adjuvant is synthesized over a model antigen ovalbumin (OVA) to act as armor. To overcome mucosal barriers, a yeast‐derived capsule is used to carry the Al‐MOF‐armored OVA as a “Trojan Horse”‐like transport platform. In vitro experiments reveal that the mineralization of Al‐MOFs forms an armor on OVA that protects against highly acidic and degradative GI conditions. However, the mineralized Al‐MOFs can gradually disintegrate in a phosphate ion‐containing simulated intracellular fluid, slowly releasing their encapsulated OVA. In vivo studies reveal that the “Trojan Horse”‐like transport platform specifically targets intestinal M cells, favoring the transepithelial transport of the Al‐MOF‐armored OVA, followed by subsequent endocytosis in local macrophages, ultimately accumulating in mesenteric lymph nodes, yielding long‐lasting, high‐levels of mucosal S‐IgA and serum IgG antibodies. Such an engineered delivery platform may represent a promising strategy for the oral administration of prophylactic or therapeutic antigens for vaccination.     

自由振荡激光天基清扫空间碎片机理研究

在绕地轨道上残留着大量的空间碎片,这些人类航天活动造成的太空污染已经严重威胁到太空飞行器的安全.其中,直径在1～10 cm之间的碎片具有致命的潜在危害,是急需解决的麻烦.激光清扫空间碎片也愈来愈引起科学领域的关注,其中天基脉冲激光是清扫这类小型空间碎片的有效技术途径之一.由于现有方案中的天基超短脉冲、超大能量、紧凑可靠...     

Engineering Bioactive M2 Macrophage-Polarized Anti-Inflammatory,Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Scaffolds for Rapid Angiogenesis and Diabetic Wound Repair

Diabetic wound healing still faces great challenges due to the excessive inflammation, easy infection, and impaired angiogenesis in wound beds. The immunoregulation of macrophages polarization toward M2 phenotype that facilitates the transition from inflammation to proliferation phase has been proved to be an effective way to improve diabetic wound healing. Herein, an M2 phenotype-enabled anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial conductive hydrogel scaffolds (GDFE) for producing rapid angiogenesis and diabetic wound repair are reported. The GDFE scaffolds are fabricated facilely through the dynamic crosslinking between polypeptide and polydopamine and graphene oxide. The GDFE scaffolds possess thermosensitivity, self-healing behavior, injectability, broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory ability, and electronic conductivity. GDFE effectively activates the polarization of macrophages toward M2 phenotype and significantly promotes the proliferation of dermal fibroblasts, the migration, and in vitro angiogenesis of endothelial cells through paracrine mechanisms. The in vivo results from a full-thickness diabetic wound model demonstrate that GDFE can rapidly promote the diabetic wound repair and skin regeneration, through fast anti-inflammation and angiogenesis and M2 macrophage polarization. This study provides highly efficient strategy for treating diabetic wound repair through designing the M2 polarization-enabled anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial bioactive materials.     

New Strategy for Polysulfide Protection Based on Atomic Layer Deposition of TiO2 onto Ferroelectric‐Encapsulated Cathode: Toward Ultrastable Free‐Standing Room Temperature Sodium–Sulfur Batteries

The room temperature (RT) sodium–sulfur batteries (Na–S) hold great promise for practical applications including energy storage and conversion due to high energy density, long lifespan, and low cost, as well based on the abundant reserves of both sodium metal and sulfur. Herein, freestanding (C/S/BaTiO₃)@TiO₂ (CSB@TiO₂) electrode with only ≈3 wt% of BaTiO₃ additive and ≈4 nm thickness of amorphous TiO₂ atomic layer deposition protective layer is rational designed, and first used for RT Na–S batteries. Results show that such cathode material exhibits high rate capability and excellent durability compared with pure C/S and C/S/BaTiO₃ electrodes. Notably, this CSB@TiO₂ electrode performs a discharge capacity of 524.8 and 382 mA h g^?1 after 1400 cycles at 1 A g^?1 and 3000 cycles at 2 A g^?1, respectively. Such superior electrochemical performance is mainly attributed from the “BaTiO₃‐C‐TiO₂” synergetic structure within the matrix, which enables effectively inhibiting the shuttle effect, restraining the volumetric variation and stabilizing the ionic transport interface.     

利用STBC技术提高TD-SCDMA系统随机接入性能

在TD-SCDMA基站中,UE发起CS或PS业务前,需要驻留小区,发起随机接入过程,获取小区的系统消息.在移动通信中存在严重的多径效应,影响系统消息发送的可靠性.为提高系统在多径环境下的传输性能,减弱信号衰落,增加小区的覆盖范围,在3GPPTD-SCDMA中提出了对PCCPCH采用发射分集技术.在分析TD-SCDMA系统接入过程和PCCPCH的TSTD和SCTD分集技术缺点基础上,讨论了采用STBC技术实现PCCPCH发射分集,在较低的译码复杂度和不增加带宽的情况下获得编码和分集增益,提高频谱利用率和PCCPCH链路的质量,提高系统吞吐量和小区覆盖范围.     

基于UWB的隐藏活动目标穿墙雷达接收机前端研究

介绍一种超宽带穿墙雷达接收机前端的实现方案，并对其中的波门控制电路、相关检测电路的实现作了详细的描述。最后通过实验，验证了此设计方案能够满足测距精度为37．5mm，总作用距离为9．5625m的穿墙雷达前端接受机的要求，达到了预期效果。     

A review of carbonates as hydrocarbon source rocks: basic geochemistry and oil–gas generation

Carbonates have been known to act as hydrocarbon source rocks, but their basic geochemical and associated hydrocarbon generation characteristics remain not well understood as they occur with argillaceous source rocks in most cases, and the hydrocarbon generation from each rock type is di cult to distinguish, forming one of puzzling issues within the field of petroleum geology and geochemistry. To improve the understanding of this critical issue, this paper reviews recent advances in this field and provides a summary of key areas that can be studied in future. Results show that carbonate source rocks are generally associated with high-salinity environments with low amounts of terrestrial inputs and low dissolved oxygen contents. Petrographically, these source rocks are dark gray or black, fine-grained, stratified, and contain bacterial and algal bioprecursors along with some other impurities. They generally have low organic matter contents, although these can vary significantly in di erent cases(e.g., the total organic carbon contents of marine and lacustrine carbonate source rocks in China are generally 0.1%–1.0% and 0.4%–4.0%, respectively). These rocks contain type I and type II kerogen, meaning there is a lack of vitrinites. This means that assessment of the maturity of the organic matter in these sediments needs to use non-traditional techniques rather than vitrinite reflectance. In terms of molecular geochemistry, carbonate source rocks have typical characteristics indicative of generally reducing and saline environments and lower organism-dominated bioprecursors of organic matter, e.g., high contents of sulfur compounds, low Pr/Ph ratios, and dominance of n-alkanes. Most of the carbonate source rocks are typically dominated by D-type organic facies in an oxidized shallow water mass, although high-quality source rocks generally contain A-and B-type organic facies in saline lacustrine and marine-reducing environments, respectively. The hydrocarbon generation model for the carbonate source rocks can involve early, middle, and late stages, with a diversity of hydrocarbons within these rocks, which can be aggregated, adsorbed, enclosed within minerals, or present as inclusions. This in turn implies that the large-scale hydrocarbon expulsion from these rocks is reliant on brittle deformation caused by external forces. Finally, a number of aspects of these source rocks remain unclear and need further study, including the e ectiveness of carbonates as hydrocarbon source rocks, bioprecursors, and hydrocarbon generation models of carbonate source rock, and the di erences between marine and lacustrine carbonate source rocks.     

微透镜阵列用于线列红外探测器的研究

采用离子束刻蚀制备了线列长方形拱面熔凝石英微透镜阵列，用准分子激光扫描消融法淀积了性能均匀而且稳定的ＹＢａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ７－δ高温超导薄膜，用湿法刻蚀制备了超导薄膜器件，用微透镜阵列与超导薄膜器件耦合构成组合式红外探测器。     

Asymmetric X-junction thermooptic switches based on fluorinatedpolymer waveguides

Thermooptic 2×2 switches based on low-loss fluorinated polymer waveguides have been demonstrated. For the waveguide possessing a low-loss around the 1.55-μm wavelength, crosslinkable fluorinated poly(arylene ethers) (FPAE) is developed as a core material and perfluorocyclobutane (PFCB) is used as a cladding material. To enhance the fabrication tolerance and to achieve a low switching power, asymmetric X-junctions with a Mach-Zehnder interferometer are exploited for the polymeric waveguide switches. An inverted rib waveguide structure is fabricated by filling up the etched groove on a lower cladding with the core polymer. The switch exhibits a crosstalk of less than -20 dB, a switching power of 10 mW, and an insertion loss of 4.5 dB     

Te溶剂垂直区熔法生长Φ20MCT晶体组分控制研究

采用Ｔｅ作溶剂在特制的垂直区熔炉上开展了Φ２０ＭＣＴ晶体的生长研究；详细阐述了该方法ＭＣＴ晶体的生长过程和生长机理；总结了分析了晶体生长过程中影响组分的因素；提出了生长过程中组分控制存在的问题和改善组分控制的措施。