全文获取类型
收费全文 | 756653篇 |
免费 | 9628篇 |
国内免费 | 2089篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 14307篇 |
综合类 | 703篇 |
化学工业 | 117693篇 |
金属工艺 | 32316篇 |
机械仪表 | 24079篇 |
建筑科学 | 17628篇 |
矿业工程 | 4745篇 |
能源动力 | 19169篇 |
轻工业 | 63460篇 |
水利工程 | 8359篇 |
石油天然气 | 15939篇 |
武器工业 | 42篇 |
无线电 | 83783篇 |
一般工业技术 | 150786篇 |
冶金工业 | 135752篇 |
原子能技术 | 17447篇 |
自动化技术 | 62162篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 6609篇 |
2019年 | 6344篇 |
2018年 | 11107篇 |
2017年 | 11289篇 |
2016年 | 11919篇 |
2015年 | 7563篇 |
2014年 | 12614篇 |
2013年 | 34349篇 |
2012年 | 19856篇 |
2011年 | 27044篇 |
2010年 | 21602篇 |
2009年 | 24037篇 |
2008年 | 24735篇 |
2007年 | 24513篇 |
2006年 | 21555篇 |
2005年 | 20862篇 |
2004年 | 19464篇 |
2003年 | 18997篇 |
2002年 | 18044篇 |
2001年 | 17645篇 |
2000年 | 16707篇 |
1999年 | 16816篇 |
1998年 | 40235篇 |
1997年 | 29028篇 |
1996年 | 22531篇 |
1995年 | 17185篇 |
1994年 | 15469篇 |
1993年 | 15050篇 |
1992年 | 11453篇 |
1991年 | 11174篇 |
1990年 | 10740篇 |
1989年 | 10495篇 |
1988年 | 10167篇 |
1987年 | 9035篇 |
1986年 | 8825篇 |
1985年 | 10112篇 |
1984年 | 9132篇 |
1983年 | 8606篇 |
1982年 | 7838篇 |
1981年 | 7994篇 |
1980年 | 7628篇 |
1979年 | 7549篇 |
1978年 | 7473篇 |
1977年 | 8512篇 |
1976年 | 11277篇 |
1975年 | 6672篇 |
1974年 | 6385篇 |
1973年 | 6422篇 |
1972年 | 5529篇 |
1971年 | 5101篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
941.
MM Koerner G Tenderich K Minami M Morshuis N Mirow L Arusoglu H Gromzik S Wlost R Koerfer 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,63(9):1358-1360
BACKGROUND: An increasing demand for cardiac allografts for the treatment of end-stage cardiac failure has led to a shift in the traditional views about donor criteria. The use of allografts exposed to high concentrations of carbon monoxide is still under discussion. The current literature on this topic is contradictory. We describe our experience with orthotopic cardiac transplantation, using cardiac allografts after carbon monoxide poisoning. METHODS: Between March 13, 1989 and August 1, 1996, 770 orthotopic heart transplantations were performed in our center. Within this period, we accepted five cardiac allografts from brain-dead, carbon monoxide-poisoned donors. Donor history showed carbon monoxide intoxication in all cases. At the time of organ explantation, donor hemodynamic parameters were feeble in all patients. RESULTS: The postoperative course was uneventful in three of the five recipients. The overall 3-year survival rate in this small group is 40%. Induction therapy or rescue therapy with mono/polyclonal antibodies was not necessary. Myocardial right-ventricular biopsies did not show any specific signs of carbon monoxide poisoning. CONCLUSIONS: In our opinion, cardiac allografts from donors exposed to carbon monoxide can be transplanted successfully in infants and adults, if there are no signs of severe hemodynamic dysfunction in the presence of a normal central venous pressure and low-dose support with catecholamines and there are no electrocardiographic changes in combination with elevated transaminase. With extended donor criteria, the hearts of carbon monoxide-poisoned victims could increase the number of suitable organs and lower the death rate of patients on the United Network for Organ Sharing and Eurotransplant International Foundation waiting lists. 相似文献
942.
ML Martínez-Frías E Bermejo Sánchez E Rodríguez Pinilla A Villa 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,46(6):593-596
INTRODUCTION: Even though there are few epidemiological studies evaluating the birth weights of different groups of malformed babies with chromosomal abnormalities, it is widely known that infants with trisomy 18, and to a lesser degree those with trisomy 13 and other chromosomal alterations, have low birth weights. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this study we present the analysis of the birth weights and gestational ages of a large sample of babies (23,155 malformed and a similar number of nonmalformed babies), separating the different groups of chromosomal anomalies and comparing the weight in the clinical groups of malformed infants. RESULTS: Most of the groups with chromosomal abnormalities present lower birth weights in comparison to the other groups. CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study support the conclusion that the relationship between chromosomal alterations and low birth weight is sufficiently important that such a low birth weight in children with minor or major anomalies should be considered as one more indication to perform chromosomal analysis. 相似文献
943.
Purified cell-envelope polyphosphatase as well as polyphoshatase activities of cytosol and isolated vacuoles, of nuclei and mitochondria of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae were compared. The polyphosphatases of cell envelope and cytosol are similar, the polyphosphatases of nuclei, vacuoles and mitochondria differ in their kinetic properties, substrate specificity, requirements in divalent cations and in some effector actions both from these and from each other. 相似文献
944.
1. A total of 360 Japanese quail of 4 commercial meat-type lines and two diet treatments (260 and 216 g/kg or 238 and 195 g/kg of crude protein (CP) in the starter and grower diet, respectively) were used. 2. The positive effect of a high CP diet on body weight was significant only for the first 4 weeks after hatching. 3. The mean age at inflection point of the growth curve (t+) across lines and sexes was 1.4 d (0.6 to 2.8 d within line/sex groups) earlier for quail fed on a high CP diet than in quail receiving a low CP diet. The inflection (y+) and asymptotic (A) weights were similar under both dietary protein concentrations. Nevertheless, the shape of the growth curve, characterised by the ratio y+/A and parameter of the maturing rate k, was significantly influenced by diet. 4. A higher food intake and less efficient food conversion were found for quail fed on a high CP diet in the period from 15 to 28 d of age. 5. The fattening traits such as body weight, cumulative food intake and food conversion, were not affected by dietary CP content at the age of 5 weeks. 6. The effects of line on body weight, food intake and food conversion are discussed. 相似文献
945.
C Di Biasi M Accorinti G Trasimeni P Pivetti Pezzi A Melone G Gualdi 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,93(4):348-351
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationships between patient and physician pretreatment expectations of pain relief and subsequent pain relief reported by chronic pain patients immediately after treatment. DESIGN: Prospective study of consecutive patients undergoing a procedure in a pain clinic for treatment of chronic pain. Patients rated their current pain level and their expectation of pain relief immediately prior to undergoing a procedure (e.g., intravenous drug infusion, nerve block) for the treatment of chronic pain. Simultaneously and independently, the treating physician completed a similar questionnaire. At completion of the procedure, patients rated their current pain level and degree of pain relief. SETTING: University of Washington Multidisciplinary Pain Center procedure suite. PATIENTS: Forty-six consecutive chronic pain patients. INTERVENTION: Intravenous drug infusions and nerve blocks. OUTCOME MEASURES: Current pain and pain relief ratings. RESULTS: Patients' pain relief expectation ratings were not correlated significantly with their postprocedure pain relief ratings or pre-post procedure changes in pain ratings. However, a statistically significant correlation was found between physician expectations of pain relief and patient pain relief ratings and patient pre-post procedure changes in pain. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that physicians are better predictors than are patients of patients responses to these procedures and/or that physicians may somehow subtly communicate their expectations to patients during the procedure, and these expectations then influence patient response. Patient pretreatment expectations may not always play a significant role in nonspecific treatment effects. 相似文献
946.
M Fern? PO Bendahl A Brisfors K Byman M Ekeberg L Ferraud K Grankvist B Hjalmers A Nilsson G Sellberg L Skoog O St?l I Wingmo 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,36(8):793-798
Estrogen and progesterone receptor analysis results were compared within and between six laboratories in Sweden using frozen breast cancer cytosol samples, and the same technique (enzyme immunoassay, Abbott Laboratories). The concordance in receptor status (positive vs. negative) was excellent (98.4% (571/580)). The discordant results were attributable to values near cut-off (n = 4) or outliers (n = 5), the latter probably being due to analytical errors. One laboratory reported significantly higher ER concentrations than the others; thus caution should be observed when comparing absolute values from different centers. For PgR there were similar differences between the laboratories. However, the intra- and inter-laboratory differences were small compared with the overall variability in ER and PgR content between different samples in a large database. The range of the median intra-laboratory coefficient of variation was 11-23% for ER and 12-19% for PgR, indicating that there is room for improvement in the quality of assay performance. 相似文献
947.
948.
Improved atrial function in bicaval versus standard orthotopic techniques in cardiac transplantation
A Beniaminovitz MT Savoia M Oz M Galantowicz MR Di Tullio S Homma D Mancini 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,80(12):1631-1635
Atrial geometry is preserved in the bicaval technique of cardiac transplantation. Using Doppler echocardiography, we investigated the impact of this technique on preservation of atrial function and found that echocardiographic indexes of atrial function are improved in bicaval cardiac transplants versus the standard orthotopic transplants. 相似文献
949.
An EIA method on single donor solubilized HLA antigens for the identification of anti-HLA antibodies
MP Emonds H Claeys A Volckaerts J Dendievel C Vermylen 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,19(2):129-136
Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is an immunologically mediated disease in which activated T lymphocytes attack and destroy epithelial cells in the small intralobular bile ducts of genetically susceptible patients. This article reviews the results of treatment of PBC with immunomodulatory agents. Results with drugs such as glucocorticoids, azathioprine, and chlorambucil have been disappointing because of either limited efficacy (azathioprine), toxicity (chlorambucil), or both (glucocorticoids). Colchicine improved tests of liver function in three prospective studies and was associated with improved survival for up to 4 years. However, survival benefits were lost at 8 years. Colchicine appears to slow the rate of progression of PBC but not to stop it. Preliminary results suggest that colchicine may have synergistic effects if used together with ursodeoxycholic acid, particularly in patients who are only partially responsive to ursodeoxycholic acid. Results with cyclosporine have been disappointing because of limited efficacy and predictable toxicity. The modest improvement in tests of liver function and survival are counterbalanced by the development of hypertension in some and worsening renal function in most. There is little beneficial effect on symptoms or histology. Results with methotrexate are promising. There are improvements in symptoms and tests of liver function that are equal to those seen with ursodeoxycholic acid and significant improvement in liver histology. Some patients, particularly those with striking inflammation and granulomas in portal triads, appear to have achieved sustained remission while on methotrexate. The effects of methotrexate are additive to those of ursodeoxycholic acid in patients whose blood tests have responded only partially to ursodeoxycholic acid. The most effective treatment of PBC will most likely use a combination of drugs such as ursodeoxycholic acid, colchicine, and methotrexate. 相似文献
950.